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031 - Mass and Balance > Loading Traffic load is the:
Viewed at last exams Zero Fuel Mass minus Dry Operating Mass. Dry Operating Mass minus the variable load. Take-off Mass minus Zero Fuel Mass. Dry Operating Mass minus the disposable load.Explanation: TL = ZFM - DOM.

010 - Air Law > Aerodromes Characteristics of T-VASIS: Each wing bar has.
3 lights. 4 lights. 2 lights. 5 lights.Explanation: T-VASIS was based on a series of light boxes on either side of the runway with various apertures that, taken together, showed a white line if the aircraft approach was correct. Too high and the system showed an inverted 'T', too low and the pilot saw an upright 'T' coloured red.
At this time, only large aircraft had instrument landing system equipment, which meant small aircraft relied wholly on the visual system to find the correct approach angle.

070 - Operational Procedures > General Requirements The coverage angle of the regulatory white navigation / position lights, located to the rear of the aircraft, is:
220°. 110°. 140°. 70°.Explanation: Admin :

same for helicopters.

022 - Instrumentation > Flight Management System (FMS and FMGS) Which of the figures depicts an Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) display in Expanded (EXP) VOR/ILS mode with a VOR frequency selected?

Figure 4. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3.Explanation: Admin :

All fgures are in expanded mode, here is the FULL mode:

Mode FULL

010 - Air Law > Aerodromes Aeronautical Ground Lights on and in the Vicinity of aerodromes

Aeronautical Ground Lights on and in the vicinity of aerodromes may be turned off, provided that they can be brought back into operation before the expected arrival of an aircraft in at least:
5 minutes. 30 minutes. One hour. 15 minutes.Explanation: ICAO DOC4444 PANS-ATM:
Chapter 7. Procedures for Aerodrome Control Service
7.15 AERONAUTICAL GROUND LIGHTS
7.15.2.2 Lights on and in the vicinity of aerodromes that are not intended for en-route navigation purposes may be turned off, subject to further provisions hereafter, if no likelihood of either regular or emergency operation exists, provided that they can be again brought into operation at least one hour before the expected arrival of an aircraft.

021 - Airframe and system > Pneumatics - Pressurisation and Air Conditioning In large modern aircraft, in the air conditioning system, reduction of air temperature and pressure is achieved by:
An evaporator. A condenser. An expansion turbine. A compressor.Explanation: Bootstrap (or turbo-compressor) uses a primary heat exchanger (for pre-cooling against the ambient air temperature).
The compressor section of the cooling turbine (to boost pressure and temperature to provide a significant pressure drop). A secondary heat exchanger (which also uses outside air as a coolant to remove the unwanted temperature rises across the compressor) and the expansion turbine, wich extracts work from the air by driving the compressor.

The goal of a bootstrap system is to distribute suitable air to the cabin. Engine bleed air is compressed, passed through a heat exchanger (cooled), and then across an expansion turbine.

050 - Meteorology > Precipitation Which of the following are favourable conditions for the formation of freezing rain?
Water droplets falling from cold air aloft with a temperature below 0°C into air with a temperature above 0°C. Cold air aloft from which hail is falling into air that is warm. An isothermal layer aloft with a temperature just above 0°C through which rain is falling. Warm air aloft from which rain is falling into air with a temperature below 0°C. Explanation: Admin :
Freezing rain is associated with warm fronts and warm occlusions. In a warm front, the freezing level is lower than behind (in the warm sector), and the slope means that freezing rain will be falling on anything underneath, so if you are flying towards a warm front (or warm occlusion), watch out! Supercooled water droplets from above will freeze onto your cold airframe. Once you see ice pellets, expect freezing rain next.

010 - Air Law > Personnel licencing According to PART-FCL, an applicant for an ATPL(A) shall have completed a minimum of 1 500 hours of flight time in aeroplanes, including at least:
500 hours in multi-pilot operations on aeroplanes. 500 hours in multi-pilot operations on aeroplanes, as pilot-in-command. 500 hours in multi-pilot operations on aeroplanes, of which up to 150 hours may be as flight engineer. 500 hours in multi-pilot operations on aeroplanes, including 200 hours of night flight as pilot-in-command or as co-pilot.Explanation: Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011
Aircrew Regulation

FCL.510.A ATPL(A) - Prerequisites, experience and crediting

...

(b) Experience - Applicants for an ATPL(A) shall have completed a minimum of 1 500 hours of flight time in aeroplanes, including at least:

(1) 500 hours in multi-pilot operations on aeroplanes ;

(2) (i) 500 hours as PIC under supervision; or
--(ii) 250 hours as PIC; or
--(iii) 250 hours, including at least 70 hours as PIC, and the remaining as PIC under supervision;

(3) 200 hours of cross-country flight time of which at least 100 hours shall be as PIC or as PIC under supervision;

(4) 75 hours of instrument time of which not more than 30 hours may be instrument ground time; and

(5) 100 hours of night flight as PIC or co-pilot.

Of the 1 500 hours of flight time, up to 100 hours of flight time may have been completed in an FFS and FNPT. Of these 100 hours, only a maximum of 25 hours may be completed in an FNPT.

022 - Instrumentation > Alerting Systems, Proximity Systems Considering an airspeed indicator, a second stripped needle, if installed, indicates:
Never-exceed speed (VNE). Never-exceed speed (VNE) or maximum operating speed (VMO), depending on which is the lowest. Never-exceed speed (VNE) or maximum operating speed (VMO), depending on which is the higher. Maximum operating speed (VMO). Explanation:

033 - Flight Planning > VFR Flights (Use Route Manual VFR GPS chart ED-6).
Flying from EDTM MENGEN airport (48°03'N, 009°22'E) to EDSZ ROTTWEIL ZEPFENHAN (48°12'N, 008°44'E).
Find magnetic course and the distance:

Magnetic course 108°, distance 40 NM. Magnetic course 288°, distance 27 NM. Magnetic course 108°, distance 27 NM. Magnetic course 288°, distance 40 NM.Explanation: Report the magnetic north tick from MEG NDB, it will allow you to measure the magnetic bearing of the track: 288°.

Distance calculation:

Track length is 009°22' to 008°44' = 0.38' of longitude
0.38' in degree:
(100/60)x0.38 =0.63°of longitude.

At latitude 48°N, 1° = 60 NM x cos48 = 40.14 NM.

40.14 x 0.63 = 25.3 NM.

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