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Question 141-1 : By volume which of the following elements makes up the largest part of the atmosphere ? [ Certification weather ]

Nitrogen


Question 141-2 : Which fl corresponds with the 400 hpa pressure level ?

Fl 240

exemple 245 Fl 240.

Question 141-3 : By volume what percentage of the air in the lower troposphere consists of water vapour ?

0 5%

Admin .water vapour varies by volume in the lower troposphere from a trace to about 5% therefore on average only about 2 to 3% of the molecules in the air are water vapour molecules the amount of water vapour in the air is small in extremely arid areas and in location where the temperatures are very low i e polar regions very cold weather the volume of water vapour is about 5% in very warm and humid tropical air

Question 141-4 : Consider a parcel of air being forced upwards in the atmosphere the lapse rate of the surrounding air is less than the saturated adiabatic lapse rate after the initial force is no longer effective the parcel of air ?

Will tend to descend to its original altitude

This is clearly the description of stability .if a parcel of air is forced to rise it will be colder than the air it is rising into so the moment the trigger stops lifting it it will sink back to the level it started from because it is more dense the layer is stable exemple 253 Will tend to descend to its original altitude.

Question 141-5 : What kind of turbulence is dependent on the sun's radiation and therefore follows a pronounced diurnal pattern ?

Convective turbulence

exemple 257 Convective turbulence.

Question 141-6 : What is meant by qfe ?

The atmospheric pressure at the official aerodrome elevation

Qfe = q code used by pilots and atc that refers to atmospheric pressure and altimeter settings f field e elevation exemple 261 The atmospheric pressure at the official aerodrome elevation.

Question 141-7 : When the subscale of a pressure altimeter is set to the qfe of the destination airfield it will indicate ?

Zero at landing roll out

exemple 265 Zero at landing roll out.

Question 141-8 : If the subscale of an altimeter is set to qnh what will it indicate after landing ?

Aerodrome elevation

exemple 269 Aerodrome elevation.

Question 141-9 : The mean height of the tropical tropopause is ?

44000 ft

Ecqb01 2013..the tropopause is at the top of the troposphere it marks the boundary between the troposphere and the next atmospheric layer the stratosphere the tropopause is defined as being that part of the atmosphere where temperature no longer decreases with height .the average height of the tropopause is at about 11 km 8 km over the poles 11 km at mid latitudes 16 km over the equator .above tropical regions 15° 30° n and s the mean height of the tropical tropopause is 44000 ft 13 5 km exemple 273 44000 ft.

Question 141-10 : An aircraft is flying from point a to point b at the flight level corresponding to the pressure surface of the constant pressure chart which of the following statements is correct . 387 ?

Wind speed over b is higher than over paris

Ecqb01 2013 exemple 277 Wind speed over b is higher than over paris.

Question 141-11 : A temperature inversion indicates a state of the atmosphere which is ?

Absolutely stable

exemple 281 Absolutely stable.

Question 141-12 : Which fl corresponds with the 150 hpa pressure level ?

Fl 450

Admin .there is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you .1013 hpa = msl.850 hpa = fl50.700 hpa = fl100.500 hpa = fl180.300 hpa = fl300.200 hpa = fl390.150 hpa = fl450.any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out .the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere as you go up and air pressure decreases the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa exemple 285 Fl 450.

Question 141-13 : In the icao standard atmosphere which of the following alternatives indicates the correct vertical temperature distribution in the lowest 11 km ?

15°c at mean sea level decreasing at 0 65°c per 100 metres

Ecqb01 june 2013 exemple 289 15°c at mean sea level, decreasing at 0,65°c per 100 metres.

Question 141-14 : An aircraft is flying from point a to point b at the flight level corresponding to the pressure surface of the constant pressure chart which of the following statements is correct . 390 ?

Wind speed over a is higher than over b

Revised ecqb03 july 2016 ..isobars are tighter at a than b so wind speed over a is higher than over b exemple 293 Wind speed over a is higher than over b.

Question 141-15 : Which constant pressure chart is standard for fl 450 ?

150 hpa

Easa 2014..there is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you .1013 hpa = msl.850 hpa = fl50.700 hpa = fl100.500 hpa = fl180.300 hpa = fl300.200 hpa = fl390.150 hpa = fl450..any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out .the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere as you go up and air pressure decreases the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa exemple 297 150 hpa.

Question 141-16 : What is meant by the term 'altitude' ?

The vertical distance of a level or a point measured from mean sea level

Easa 2014 exemple 301 The vertical distance of a level or a point measured from mean sea level.

Question 141-17 : Which fl corresponds with the 250 hpa pressure level ?

Fl 340

Easa 2014..there is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you .1013 hpa = msl.850 hpa = fl50.700 hpa = fl100.500 hpa = fl180.300 hpa = fl300.200 hpa = fl390.150 hpa = fl450..any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out .the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere as you go up and air pressure decreases the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa exemple 305 Fl 340.

Question 141-18 : An aircraft flies at flight level 40 elevation of the aerodrome 990 ft qnh 976 hpa .the tower clears the pilot to fly at 3000 ft qnh .which of the following statements is correct ?

Only a small change of altitude is necessary

Easa 2014 ..aerodrome elevation is a irrelevant .the aircraft is at fl 40 referenced to 1013 hpa now it must fly at 3000 ft referenced to qnh of 976 hpa .the difference is 37 hpa which at 27 ft per hpa = 999 ft .so only a 1 ft change is needed here exemple 309 Only a small change of altitude is necessary.

Question 141-19 : A surface based inversion is a characteristic of ?

Nocturnal radiation during clear nights

Ecqb03 july 2016 ..air close to the surface is cooled significantly but the air above it isn't and the surface temperature falls below the temperature of the air above exemple 313 Nocturnal radiation during clear nights.

Question 141-20 : Flight from lisbon to kingston .considering the route segment between 30°w and 50°w at fl 390 the forecast mean temperature is . 395 ?

56°c

exemple 317 -56°c.

Question 141-21 : What is the approximate value of atmospheric pressure at 11000 m amsl in comparison to the atmospheric pressure at mean sea level ?

One fourth

Ecqb03 july 2016 exemple 321 One-fourth.

Question 141-22 : Which type of inversion can lead to fog formation due to the temperature of air in contact with the surface dropping below its dew point when it contacts a colder surface ?

Ground inversion

Ecqb03 july 2016 exemple 325 Ground inversion

Question 141-23 : You are flying at fl 300 where the outside air temperature is 57 5°c and the pressure at msl is 1013 25 hpa .if you assume that the difference between the actual temperature and the temperature in the isa is valid for the whole troposphere then the true altitude is ?

28500 ft

Ecqb03 august 2016 exemple 329 28500 ft.

Question 141-24 : At what flight level is the zero degree isotherm at the equator ?

Fl 180

Admin . the zero degree isotherm in the 'polar regions' is at ground level . the zero degree isotherm in 'temperate regions' is at mean sea level in winters and at about 10000 feet in summers . the zero degree isotherm in 'tropics' area 15° 30° n and s of the equator is at about 16000 feet . the zero degree isotherm at the equator is at about 18000 ft fl180 exemple 333 Fl 180.

Question 141-25 : Why are polar regions colder than equatorial regions ?

Because the angle of incidence of the solar radiation is very small in polar regions

Ecqb03 december 2016 exemple 337 Because the angle of incidence of the solar radiation is very small in polar regions.

Question 141-26 : Which of the following is true concerning atmospheric pressure ?

It decreases with height

Admin .the decrease of 1 hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere as you go up and air pressure decreases the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa exemple 341 It decreases with height.

Question 141-27 : The vertical temperature gradient lapse rate in the international standard atmosphere isa is ?

6 5°c per 1000 m

exemple 345 6.5°c per 1000 m.

Question 141-28 : What is the approximate height of the tropopause between keflavik and helsinki . 406 ?

Fl 320

Admin . 462.you will find fl 325 closest answer is fl 320 exemple 349 Fl 320.

Question 141-29 : For a flight from the azores to the bermudas the tropical tropopause is to be found at a height of approximately . 409 ?

51000 ft 12000 metres

exemple 353 51000 ft (12000 metres).

Question 141-30 : Tropopause altitude at 38°n 19°w is . 410 ?

Fl 320

exemple 357 Fl 320.

Question 141-31 : Assuming a normal vertical temperature gradient at what altitude will the freezing level above shannon be found . 411 ?

Fl 60

exemple 361 Fl 60.

Question 141-32 : The temperature deviation from isa to the nearest °c overhead charleston at fl 340 is . 419 ?

+5

Admin .the temperature lapse rates of the troposphere is mean value 0 65°c/100 m or 2°c/1000 ft .in isa temperature at fl340 should be 15 + 34 x 2°c = 53°c .as the current temperature at that level is 48°c you can say that at fl340 it is currently isa+5 .it is 5°c warmer than isa exemple 365 +5.

Question 141-33 : The maximum possible temperature at north pole is ?

Dependent on the seasons

exemple 369 Dependent on the seasons.

Question 141-34 : In the northern hemisphere the force that causes a deviation to the left from the surface wind relative to the geostrophic wind is ?

Frictional force

Ecqb04 january 2018 .. 498.at the surface and at low elevations friction will slow the air and hence the coriolis will be less effective in its deflection of the wind .the flow turns across the isobars you have more flow into the low pressure system giving convergence and feeding the convection exemple 373 Frictional force.

Question 141-35 : The wind indicator for a weather observation receives the measured value from an anemometer where is this instrument placed ?

On a mast 8 10 m above the runway

exemple 377 On a mast 8-10 m above the runway.

Question 141-36 : The geostrophic wind is greater than the gradient wind around a low pressure system because the ?

Centrifugal force opposes the pressure gradient

Admin .we have a geostrophic wind when the pressure gradient force pgf is exactly balanced by coriolis force . 582.it is only happens when isobars are straights and parallels .if the isobars are curved an additional force centrifugal force is introduced and always tries to throw the parcel of air outwards from the centre of its rotation and the resulting movement of air is called the gradient wind . 583.with an area of high pressure anticyclone the centrifugal force is acting in the same direction as pgf effectively increasing it coriolis balances the total force pgf + centrifugal force and the gradient wind is 'high round a high' i e for a given gap between the isobars the gradient wind is stronger than the geostrophic wind .with an area of low pressure cyclonic system the centrifugal force is opposing the pgf effectively decreasing it coriolis balances the total force pgf centrifugal force and the gradient wind is 'low round a low' i e for a given gap between the isobars the gradient wind is weaker than the geostrophic wind exemple 381 Centrifugal force opposes the pressure gradient.

Question 141-37 : The geostrophic wind is less than the gradient wind around an anticyclone because the ?

Centrifugal force is added to the pressure gradient

Admin .we have a geostrophic wind when the pressure gradient force pgf is exactly balanced by coriolis force . 582.it is only happens when isobars are straights and parallels .if the isobars are curved an additional force centrifugal force is introduced and always tries to throw the parcel of air outwards from the centre of its rotation and the resulting movement of air is called the gradient wind . 583.with an area of high pressure anticyclone the centrifugal force is acting in the same direction as pgf effectively increasing it coriolis balances the total force pgf + centrifugal force and the gradient wind is 'high round a high' i e for a given gap between the isobars the gradient wind is stronger than the geostrophic wind .with an area of low pressure cyclonic system the centrifugal force is opposing the pgf effectively decreasing it coriolis balances the total force pgf centrifugal force and the gradient wind is 'low round a low' i e for a given gap between the isobars the gradient wind is weaker than the geostrophic wind exemple 385 Centrifugal force is added to the pressure gradient.

Question 141-38 : In the lower layers of the atmosphere due to friction the wind changes direction towards the low pressure area because ?

Wind speed decreases and therefore coriolis force decreases

Admin . 498.at low elevations friction will slow the air and hence the coriolis will be less effective in its deflection of the wind exemple 389 Wind speed decreases and therefore coriolis force decreases.

Question 141-39 : The most frequent wind direction in a valley caused by thermal effects is toward the ?

Mountain during daylight hours

Admin .during the day the sun heats up valley air rapidly this causes it to rise causing a warm upslope wind valley breeze .at night the process is reversed mountain air cools rapidly at night and 'falls' downslope causing a wind going in the valley mountain breeze . 499.a mountain breeze and a valley breeze are two related localized winds that occur one after the other on a daily cycle exemple 393 Mountain during daylight hours.

Question 141-40 : Convective activity over land in mid latitudes is greatest in ?

Summer in the afternoon

.thunderstorms may occur in the summer months in the afternoon or evening due to convective activity the land warms causing convective lifting = cb exemple 397 Summer in the afternoon.


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