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Question 181-1 : Which of the following statements is an interpretation of the metar.25020g38kt 1200 +tsgr bkn006 bkn015cb 23/18 q1016 becmg nsw = ? [ Question security ]
Gusts of 38 knots, thunderstorm with heavy hail, dew point 18°c.
Question 181-2 : Which of the following statements is an interpretation of the sigmet.lsas sigmet 2 valid 030700/031100 lszh switzerland fir/uir mod to sev cat fcst n of alps btn fl 260/380 stnr intsf= ?
Moderate to severe clear air turbulence to be expected north of the alps. intensity increasing. danger zone between fl 260 and fl 380.
Question 181-3 : Which of the following statements is an interpretation of the sigmet.lggg sigmet 3 valid 121420/121820 lgat athinai fir embd ts obs and fcst in w part mov e nc = ?
Thunderstorms must be expected in the western part of the athens fir. the thunderstorm zone is moving east. intensity is constant
Question 181-4 : Compare the following taf and volmet reports for nice.taf 240600z 240716 vrb02kt cavok =.0920z 13012kt 8000 sct040cb bkn100 20/18 q1015 tempo ts =.what can be concluded from the differences between the two reports ?
That the weather at nice is clearly more volatile than the taf could have predicted earlier in the morning.
.volmet is a defined abbreviation 'meteorological information for aircraft in flight' and the origin is from the french 'vol' flight and 'met' as an abbreviation for meteorology. volmet is a broadcast, or data link service, of meteorological information for aircraft in flight and is provided for in annex 3..a volmet is updated along the day, a 24h taf is not..this explains the difference between the forecasted and actual weather at 0920 utc.
Question 181-5 : Runway visual range rvr is ?
Usually better than visibility.
.rvr is reported when visibility is less than 1500 m..the methods for measuring rvr and prevailing visibility are quite different. rvr is measured in a specific direction, usually using transmissiometers, while the prevailing visibility will be the average and, if less than 1500 m, the minimum value in a specific direction. this means that there can be no direct comparison and rvr is likely to be the same as or greater than the lowest reported value of prevailing visibility.
Question 181-6 : What information is given on a significant weather chart ?
The significant weather forecast for the time given on the chart
.significant weather charts are published every six hours and predict what the weather situation is for a given time. the 09 00z chart would be prepared several hours in advance, probably very early in the morning. it would indicate, for instance, the position of a cold front at 09 00z and show its direction and speed of movement. with this information you could work out the estimated position of the front at any time between 06 00z and 12 00z. so whilst we use it for flights between 06 00z and 12 00z it only shows the weather situation at 09 00z.
Question 181-7 : A pilot is warned of severe icing at certain flight levels by information supplied in ?
Swc and sigmet.
.significant weather chart swc and sigmet warned a pilot of severe icing at certain flight levels... significant weather chart uses symbols for moderate and severe aircraft icing. 571.. sigmet , or significant meteorological information, is a weather advisory that contains meteorological information concerning the safety of all aircraft..the following are examples of weather phenomena that may be described in a sigmet.. thunderstorms. cyclones tropical revolving storms. severe turbulence. severe icing. severe mountain waves. dust or sand storms. volcanic ash.
Question 181-8 : An isohypse of the 500 hpa pressure surface is labelled with the number 552. this means that for all points on the isohypse the ?
Topography is 552 decameters above msl.
.topography refers to the shape of any surface, here the surface is a pressure level of 500 hpa.
Question 181-9 : The validity of a taf is ?
Stated in the taf.
Question 181-10 : Atis information contains ?
Meteorological and operational information
Question 181-11 : If cavok is reported then ?
No low drifting snow is present.
.icao annex 3.when the following conditions occur simultaneously at the time of observation, we can use the abbreviation of ceiling and visibility ok cavok.1. no cloud below 5000 ft above airfield level or minimum sector altitude, whichever is higher.2. no cb or tcu at any height.3. visibility 10 km or more.4. no significant weather..wind shear is not reported in a metar and wind shear not 'weather' , clouds can be present, but above 5000 ft or minimum sector altitude, whichever is higher..cb's is wrong because there may be no cb's regardless of the height..low drifting snow is a significant weather, but the answer states no low drifting snow is present so it's the right answer...note highest minimum sector altitude is defined in icao pans ops, as the lowest altitude which may be used under emergency conditions which will provide a minimum clearance of 300 metres 1000 ft above all objects located in an area contained within a sector of a circle of 46 km 25 nautical miles radius centred on a radio aid to navigation...low drifting snow examples. 2543. 2544
Question 181-12 : Runway visual range can be reported in ?
A metar.
Question 181-13 : Sigmet information is issued as a warning for significant weather to ?
All aircraft
Question 181-14 : The wind direction in a metar is measured relative to ?
True north.
Question 181-15 : A speci is ?
An aviation special weather report
Question 181-16 : On the european continent metars of main airports are compiled and distributed with intervals of ?
0.5 hour.
Question 181-17 : The rvr, as reported in a metar, is always the ?
Value representative of the touchdown zone.
Question 181-18 : The cloud base, reported in the metar, is the height above ?
Airfield level.
Question 181-19 : What values are used for the forecasted wind at higher levels ?
Direction relative to true north and speed in knots.
Question 181-20 : In what hpa range is an upper weather chart for fl 340 situated ?
300 200 hpa.
.there is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below, write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you..1013 hpa = msl.850 hpa = fl50.700 hpa = fl100.500 hpa = fl180.300 hpa = fl300.200 hpa = fl390..any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out...the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere, as you go up and air pressure decreases, the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft, at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa.
Question 181-21 : Isobars on a surface chart are lines of equal ?
Qff
Question 181-22 : A metar message is valid ?
At the time of observation.
Question 181-23 : In a metar message, br and hz mean respectively ?
Br = mist hz = haze.
Question 181-24 : In a metar message, the wind group is 23010mps. this means ?
Wind from 230° true at 20 knots
.mps metres per second.1 kt = 0.515 m/s...wind direction provides in a metar is in degrees true.
Question 181-25 : On a significant weather chart, we see the following for the area where a vfr flight will take place..bkn cu sc 100 / 023..if the flight is planned at fl 85, we can estimate that ?
We will be in solid clouds and consequently a vfr flight is not possible.
.broken bkn = 5 to 7 oktas...from fl023 up to fl100 we have 5 to 7 oktas cumulus and sratocumulus cloud coverage. at fl85 we will certainly have to divert around some cumulus tops, and it might be impossible to find a vfr path... vfr flight is not possible in those conditions.
Question 181-26 : On the significant weather chart, we see the following indications.sct cu100/060.the forecast charts for fl 050 and fl 100 both indicate a wind from 320°/15 kt..in flight at fl 055 over an area of plains during the validity period of the significant weather chart, we observe moderate ?
The instability of the air mass between the surface and the top of cumulus clouds.
.the winds at fl050 and fl100 are the same, we can exclude the wind shear. cumulus clouds, from fl060 and fl100 indicate an air mass instability.
Question 181-27 : Refer to the following taf message.lfxx 180800z 1809/1818 22020kt 6000 sct015 sct080 bemcg 1812/1814 24025kt 2000 ra bkn009 ovc070=.at 1400 utc, the lowest cloud base will be ?
At 900 feet agl.
.at 1400 utc, forecast cloud bases are.becmg 1214 24025kt 2000 ra bkn009 ovc070...bkn009 broken 900 ft agl..ovc070 overcast 7000 ft agl...the lowest cloud base is therefore at 900 feet above groud level.
Question 181-28 : The taf weather messages are ?
Airport forecasts.
Question 181-29 : The term prob as used in a taf message, indicates the probability in percentage, of phenomena described during a specific period. the numerical values immediately following the term prob, are ?
30 or 40.
.icao annex 3 meteorological service for international air navigation.the probability of occurrence of an alternative value of a forecast element or elements should be indicated, as necessary, by use of the abbreviation 'prob' followed by the probability in tens of per cent and the time period during which the alternative value s is are expected to apply..the probability information should be placed after the element or elements forecast and be followed by the alternative value of the element or elements. the probability of a forecast of temporary fluctuations in meteorological conditions should be indicated, as necessary, by use of the abbreviation 'prob' followed by the probability in tens of per cent, placed before the change indicator 'tempo' and associated time group. a probability of an alternative value or change of less than 30 per cent should not be considered sufficiently significant to be indicated. a probability of an alternative value or change of 50 per cent or more, for aviation purposes, should not be considered a probability but instead should be indicated, as necessary, by use of the change indicators 'becmg' or 'tempo'...therefore, the numerical values immediately following the term prob, are 30 or 40 only.
Question 181-30 : What type of precipitation might occur at 1700 utc.mkjp 160430z 160606 36010kt 9999 few025 becmg 1315 14020g34kt few015cb sct025 prob30 tempo 1720 6000 +shra sct010 bkn015cb becmg 2224 34010kt few025= ?
Heavy rain showers
Question 181-31 : What is the lowest possible cloudbase forecast for 2300 utc.eddf 272200z 2806/2824 vrb05kt4000 br sct005 ovc013 becmg 2813/2814 9000 shra ovc015 prob40 tempo 2814/2816 vrb15g25kt 1600 tsra ovc010cb becmg 2816/2818 26010kt bkn030 becmg 2821/2822 cavok= ?
5000 feet.
. becmg 2122 cavok the lowest possible cloudbase forecast for 2300 utc is 5000 ft...in cavok conditions, there are no clouds below 5000ft, cavok definition is..1. no cloud below 5000 ft above airfield level or minimum sector altitude, whichever is higher.2. no cb or tcu at any height.3. visibility 10 km or more.4. no significant weather.
Question 181-32 : What is the meaning of the expression 'few' ?
1 2 oktas.
Question 181-33 : Which of the following layers of fog above land is coded as mifg ?
A layer of 5 feet deep.
.icao annex 3 meteorological service for international air navigation.4.4.2.6 recommendation in local routine and special reports and in metar and speci, the following characteristics of present weather phenomena, as necessary, should be reported, using their respective abbreviations and relevant criteria, as appropriate.. shallow mi less than 2 m 6 ft above ground level.
Question 181-34 : Which of the following phenomena has to be mentioned in a sigmet ?
Heavy duststorm.
.icao annexe 3 met services.sigmet, or significant meteorological information, is a weather advisory that contains meteorological information concerning the safety of all aircraft..the following are examples of weather phenomena that may be described in a sigmet.. thunderstorms.. cyclones tropical revolving storms.. severe turbulence.. severe icing.. severe mountain waves.. dust or sand storms.. volcanic ash.
Question 181-35 : Which of the following phenomena has to be mentioned in a sigmet ?
Volcanic ash.
.icao annexe 3 met services.sigmet, or significant meteorological information, is a weather advisory that contains meteorological information concerning the safety of all aircraft..the following are examples of weather phenomena that may be described in a sigmet.. thunderstorms.. cyclones tropical revolving storms.. severe turbulence.. severe icing.. severe mountain waves.. dust or sand storms.. volcanic ash.
Question 181-36 : On an upper wind and temperature chart ?
The pressure is constant all over the chart.
Question 181-37 : What is the most likely forecast lowest cloud base that can be expected during an approach to madrid into 2300 utc.taf lemd 281200z 281812 13005kt cavok tempo 1821 8000 sct020 sct030 becmg 2123 21005kt 9999 sct015 bkn080 prob40 tempo 2306 6000 sct008 ?
1500 feet.
.the tempo group is used for any conditions in wind, visibility, weather, or sky condition which are expected to last for generally less than an hour at a time occasional , and are expected to occur during less than half the time period. the tempo indicator is followed by a four digit group giving the beginning hour and ending hour of the time period during which the temporary conditions are expected. only the changing forecast meteorological conditions are included in tempo groups. the omitted conditions are carried over from the previous time group...becmg 2123 21005kt 9999 sct015 bkn080 prob40 tempo 2306 6000 sct008.. sct008 concerns less than half of the period, so the most likely conditions to expect will be cloud base to 1500 feet.
Question 181-38 : What is the lowest visibility forecast for bangkok at eta 1400 utc.taf vtbd 271800z 2800/2824 vrb05kt 1200 br tempo 2800/2802 4000 becmg 2802/2805 9999 sct015 bkn100 tempo 2811/2818 04010g20kt 5000 tsra sct009 bkn014 bkn018cb becmg 2820/2824 6000= ?
5 km.
.at eta 1400 utc, the taf indicates '... tempo 2811/2818 04010g20kt 5000 tsra sct009 bkn014 bkn018cb...'.the tempo group is used for any conditions in wind, visibility, weather, or sky condition which are expected to last for generally less than an hour at a time occasional , and are expected to occur during less than half the time period..it means that between 1100 utc and 1800 utc, the visibility could come down to 5000 m and this is the lowest visibility forecast for arrival at 1400 utc.
Question 181-39 : What is the lowest probable cloud base forecast for eta 1700 utc at kingston.taf mkjp 160000z 1606/1706 36010kt 9999 few025 becmg 1613/1615 14020g34kt few015cb sct025 prob30 tempo 1615/1620 6000 +shra sct010 bkn015cb becmg 1623/1701 34010kt few025= ?
1000 ft.
.the lowest probable cloud base forecast for eta 1700 utc at kingston is 1000 ft...'becmg 1613/1615' changes the lowest cloud base to 1500 ft 1 to 2 oktas, few015cb but there is a 30% probability prob30 tempo that there could be 3 to 4 oktas at 1000 ft sct010.
Question 181-40 : What is the lowest cloud base forecast for arrival at geneva eta 1200 utc.taf lsgg 020900z 021019 18007kt 9999 sct020 bkn100 becmg 1114 8000 ra sct010 ovc020 prob30 tempo 1018 vrb10g25kt tsra sct005 bkn015cb= ?
500 ft.
.taf lsgg 020900z 021019 18007kt 9999 sct020 bkn100 becmg 1114 8000 ra sct010 ovc020 prob30 tempo 1018 vrb10g25kt tsra sct005 bkn015cb=..the tempo group is used for any conditions in wind, visibility, weather, or sky condition which are expected to last for generally less than an hour at a time occasional , and are expected to occur during less than half the time period..at 1200 utc, the lowest cloud base forecast is 500 ft tempo between 10h00 to 18h00 utc...for information a cloud base is few or sct, a cloud ceiling is bkn or ovc coverage of one half of the sky.
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