Question 191-1 : On a direct mercator chart at latitude 45°n a certain chart length along 45°n represents a distance of 90 nm on the surface of the earththe same length on a chart along latitude 30°n will represent a distance on the earth of ? [ Level reports ]

Question 191-2 : On a transverse mercator chart the scale is exactly correct along the ?

Meridians of tangency.

Scale is correct along the meridian of tangency the central meridian and expands away from it 2044

Question 191-3 : On a transverse mercator chart with the exception of the equator parallels of latitude appear as ?

Ellipses.

2515transverse mercator map of the western hemisphere

Question 191-4 : An oblique mercator projection is used specifically to produce ?

Charts of the great circle route between two points.

2044oblique mercator a cylindrical projection based on any other great circle of tangency

Question 191-5 : Transverse mercator projections are used for ?

Maps of large northsouth extent.

2515transverse mercator map of the western hemisphere

Question 191-6 : On a polar stereographic chart a straight line between a 75° 00'n166° 00'e and b 78° 00'n 154° 00'e is drawnthe true track angle of the rhumb line in b is 317°calculate the direction t° of the straight line in position a ?

323°.

The total longitude track change is 12°convergency is change of longitude x sin mean lat so 12° x sin 775 = 1171°conversion angle is half of convergency 11712 = 5855°317° + 5855° = 322855°

Question 191-7 : The scale on a lambert conformal conic chart ?

Is constant along a parallel of latitude.

The scale is constant along any parallel of latitude at it varies slightly with change of latitudethe scale changes along the meridiansthe scale is correct along the standard parallels 2507the left red distance = the center red disance = the right red distancethe scale is constant along a parallel of latitude

Question 191-8 : A direct mercator graticule is based on a projection that is ?

Cylindrical.

Question 191-9 : On a chart the distance along a meridian between latitudes 45°n and 46°n is 6 cm the scale of the chart is approximately ?

1 1 850 000.

Scale = chart lenght earth distancescale = 6 cm 60 nm scale = 6 cm 1112 kmscale = 6 cm 11 120 000 cmscale = 1 1 853 333

Question 191-10 : Given chart scale is 1 1 850 000 the chart distance between two points is 4 centimetres earth distance is approximately ?

40 nm.

4 cm x 1 850 000 cm = 7 400 000 cm = 74 km = 40 nm

Question 191-11 : On a mercator chart at latitude 60°n the distance measured between w002° and e008° is 20 cm the scale of this chart at latitude 60°n is approximately ?

1 2 780 000.

Distance between w002° and e008° is 10°scale = chart lenghtearth distanceearth distance = 10° x 60 nm x cos 60° = 300 nm300 nm x 1852 = 5556 km1 cm chart scale = 5556 20 = 2778 km1 cm 2 778 000 cm

Question 191-12 : Assume a mercator chart the distance between positions a and b located on the same parallel and 10° longitude apart is 6 cm the scale at the parallel is 1 9 260 000what is the latitude of a and b ?

60°n or s.

Scale = chart distanceearth distance = 19 260 000if chart distance = 6 cm earth distance = 6 x 9 260 000cm = 55 560 000 cm55 560 000 cm = 5556 km5556 1852 = 300 nm10° of longitude on the chart= 300 nmdistance = change in longitude in nm x cos of latitude10° at the equator = 10° x 60 nm = 600 nm300 nm = 600 nm x cos of latitudecos of latitude = 300600 = 0505 is cos 60º so this is at 60ºn or 60°s

Question 191-13 : On a lambert chart standard parallels 37°n and 65°n with respect to the straight line drawn on the map between a n49° w030° and b n48° w040° the ?

Great circle and rhumb line are to the south.

With standard parallels at 65°n and 37°n the parallel of origin will be at 51°n 65+37 2 the straight line n49° to n48° will be south of the parallel of originthe great circle track will be concave to the parallel of origin and also located south of the parallel of originthe rhumb line track will be concave to the nearer pole and also located south of the parallel of origin

Question 191-14 : A straight line on a chart 489 cm long represents 185 nm the scale of this chart is approximately ?

1 7 000 000.

185 nm x 1852 = 34262 km34262 km x 1000 = 342 620 m342 620 m x 100 = 34 262 000 cm34 262 000 cm 489 cm = 7 006 544

Question 191-15 : At latitude 60°n the scale of a mercator projection is 1 5 000 000 the length on the chart between 'c' n60° e008° and 'd' n60° w008° is ?

178 cm.

Distance on earth = change in longitude x 60 nm x cos latitude8°e to 8°w = 16° changeat 60°n a distance on earth of 16° of longitude is 16° x 60 x cos60° = 480 nm480 nm = 8889 km = 88 896 000 cmscale = earth distance chart distancescale = 88 896 000 cm 5 000 000cm = 1778 cm

Question 191-16 : The two standard parallels of a conical lambert projection are at n10°40' and n41°20' the cone constant of this chart is approximatively ?

044.

Constant of cone convergency factor the ratio between the top angle of the unfolded cone and 360° or sine of the parallel of originthe parallel of origin is about half way between the standard parallels midway between n10°40'and n41°20'is n26°sin of 26° = 0438

Question 191-17 : On a direct mercator chart meridians are ?

Parallel equally spaced vertical straight lines.

1753 direct mercator chart on a direct mercator chart meridians are parallel equally spaced vertical straight lines 2054rhumb lines or loxodromes are tracks of constant true course

Question 191-18 : On which of the following chart projections is it not possible to represent the north or south poles ?

Direct mercator.

1753 direct mercator chart it is not possible to represent the poles on a direct mercator chart

Question 191-19 : Which one of the following concerning great circles on a direct mercator chart is correct ?

With the exception of meridians and the equator they are curves concave to the equator.

1753 direct mercator chart 2054great circles are concave to the equator except meridians and the equator itself concave or convex 2506

Question 191-20 : On a lambert conformal conic chart the distance between parallels of latitude spaced the same number of degrees apart ?

Is smaller between the standard parallels than outside them.

The lambert conformal is what most of today's aeronautical charts are based on 1776the parallel of origin is midway between the two standard parallels where the scale will be smallest

Question 191-21 : Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the appearance of great circles with the exception of meridians on a polar stereographic chart whose tangency is at the pole ?

The higher the latitude the closer they approximate to a straight line.

2508

Question 191-22 : Which one of the following describes the appearance of rhumb lines except meridians on a polar stereographic chart ?

Curves concave to the pole.

1777 2506

Question 191-23 : What is the value of the convergence factor on a polar stereographic chart ?

1.

On a polar stereographic chart convergency = change of longitude

Question 191-24 : A course of 120° t is drawn between 'x' 61°30'n and 'y' 58°30'n on a lambert conformal conic chart with a scale of 1 1 000 000 at 60°nthe chart distance between 'x' and 'y' is ?

667 cm.

1758distance change in latitude = 3° x 60nm = 180 nmdistance between 'x' and 'y' = 180 sin 30°= 360 nm360 nm x 185200 1000000 = 6667 cm

Question 191-25 : Given direct mercator chart with a scale of 1 200 000 at equatorchart length from 'a' to 'b' in the vicinity of the equator 11 cmwhat is the approximate distance from 'a' to 'b' ?

12 nm.

Scale = 1 cm 200 000 cmdistance on chart = 11 cmdistance on earth = 11 cm x 200 000 = 2 200 000 cm 22 km 22 1852 = 1188 nm

Question 191-26 : What is the radial and dme distance from crk vordme n51504 w008297 to position n5220 w00810 err a 061 402 ?

030° 33 nm.

com encom061 402jpg

Question 191-27 : What is the radial and dme distance from crk vordme n51504 w008297 to position n5230 w00750 err a 061 404 ?

039° 48 nm.

com encom061 404jpguse the vertical scale to find the distance magnetic north is indicated over vors and ndbs

Question 191-28 : What is the radial and dme distance from sha vordme n52433 w008531 to position n5300 w00940 err a 061 406 ?

309° 33 nm.

com encom061 406jpguse the magnetic north tick from sha vor center your protractor you read a 309° radialuse the scale to find the distance 33 nm

Question 191-29 : What is the radial and dme distance from sha vordme n52433 w008531 to position n5220 w00810 err a 061 408 ?

139° 35 nm.

Plot position n5220 w00810 and draw a line from sha vordmecenter your protractor you read 139° com encom061 408jpguse the scale to find 35 nm

Question 191-30 : What is the radial and dme distance from con vordme n53548 w008491 to position n5430 w00900 err a 061 410 ?

358° 36 nm.

com encom061 410jpgmagnetic north is indicated over vors and ndbs center your protractor over con vor you read a radial of 358° use the vertical scale to find the distance you read 36 nm

Question 191-31 : What is the radial and dme distance from con vordme n53548 w008491 to position n5340 w00820 err a 061 412 ?

140° 23 nm.

com encom061 412jpguse the vertical scale to find the distance magnetic north is indicated over vors and ndbs

Question 191-32 : What is the average track °m and distance between crn ndb n53181 w008565 and bel vor n54397 w006138 err a 061 414 ?

058° 128 nm.

com encom061 414jpgwithout your protractor you can see that average track between crn and bel is less than 070° therefore without any doubt 058° is the only possible answer

Question 191-33 : What is the average track °t and distance between slg ndb n54167 w008360 and cfn ndb n55026 w008204 err a 061 416 ?

011° 47 nm.

Report the true north tick center your protractor you read an average true track of 011° com encom061 416jpguse the scale to find the distance 47 nm

Question 191-34 : What is the average track °t and distance between wtd ndb n52113 w007050 and slg ndb n54167 w008360 err a 061 418 ?

336° 137 nm.

Report the true north tick center your protractor you read an average true track of 336° com encom061 418jpguse the scale to find the distance 137 nm

Question 191-35 : What is the average track °t and distance between bal vor n53180 w006269 and crn ndb n53181 w008565 err a 061 420 ?

270° 90 nm.

com encom061 420jpguse true north indicator to find the track and the vertical scale to find the distance

Question 191-36 : What is the average track °t and distance between crn ndb n53181 w008565 and ekn ndb n54236 w007387 err a 061 422 ?

035° 80 nm.

Report the true north tick center your protractor you read an average true track of 035° com encom061 422jpguse the scale to find the distance 80 nm

Question 191-37 : Given sha vor n52433 w008531 radial 223° crk vor n51504 w008297 radial 322°what is the aircraft position err a 061 423 ?

N5220 w00920.

com encom061 423jpg

Question 191-38 : Given sha vor n52433 w008531 radial 120° crk vor n51504 w008297 radial 033° what is the aircraft position err a 061 425 ?

N5230 w00800.

Martapeche la solucion a esta cuestion es 5220n 810wuse the magnetic north tick from vor's magnetic north is indicated over vors and ndbs to find the aircraft position com encom061 425jpgyou read n52°30' w008°

Question 191-39 : Given sha vor n52433 w008531 radial 143° crk vor n51504 w008297 radial 050° what is the aircraft position err a 061 427 ?

N5210 w00800.

com encom061 427jpgmagnetic north is indicated over vors and ndbs

Question 191-40 : Given sha vordme n52433 w008531 radial 165°36 nm what is the aircraft position err a 061 429 ?

N5210 w00830.