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Question 291-1 : Which is the maximum distance at which you might expect solid vhf contact over flat terrain at flight level 50 ? [ Diploma registration ]

About 85 nm.

.the theoretical reception range for a vhf transmission can be estimated with this formula..fl 50 = 5000 ft.sqrt square root...1.23 x sqrt 5000 = 87 nm. exemple 391 About 85 nm.

Question 291-2 : Which of the following frequencies is an international emergency frequency ?

121.500 mhz

.icao annex 10. 107.icao annex 10.5.2.2.1.1.3 recommendation. aircraft on flights should guard the emergency frequency 121.5 mhz to the extent possible. exemple 395 121.500 mhz

Question 291-3 : Which of the messages listed below shall not be handled by the aeronautical mobile service ?

Radio teletype messages.

.icao annex 10. 107 exemple 399 Radio teletype messages.

Question 291-4 : Which phenomena will normally influence the reception of vhf transmission ?

Level of aircraft and terrain elevations.

Very high frequencies are line of sight frequencies with practically no ground wave element. the vhf range increases with height. exemple 403 Level of aircraft and terrain elevations.

Question 291-5 : Frequency bands used in the aeronautical mobile service for radiotelephony are ?

Hf and vhf.

.the aeronautical mobile service uses vhf for short range communications and hf for long range communications with amplitude modulation. exemple 407 Hf and vhf.

Question 291-6 : A vhf signal is received with a certain power at 100 nm from an emitting station, it will be received at 50 nm with a power ?

4 times stronger.

.to increase the range of a radio transmission the power is increased by a square factor, to double its range the power is increased by a 4 factor x2²...therefore, at 50 nm a signal will be 4 times stronger than the signal received at 100 nm. exemple 411 4 times stronger.

Question 291-7 : The frequency 121.500 mhz is designated as ?

An international emergency frequency

exemple 415 An international emergency frequency

Question 291-8 : What is the maximum distance at which you may expect strong vhf reception over flat terrain at fl 140 ?

About 140 nm.

exemple 419 About 140 nm.

Question 291-9 : All aircrafts entering the european region above fl195 are required to have a receiver/transmitter with channel separation ?

8.33 khz.

exemple 423 8.33 khz.

Question 291-10 : What is vhf frequency range ?

30 300 mhz.

exemple 427 30-300 mhz.

Question 291-11 : Your aircraft is in flight over the ocean at 18000 ft, you receive a distress call from another aircraft. in his last message, he indicated to be at 2000 ft and signal weakening. assuming no attenuating factors in the effective range of vhf transmissions, how far the distress traffic is located from ?

220 nm.

exemple 431 220 nm.

Question 291-12 : Due to an engine failure, you have to perform an emergency ditching. you are in contact with a ground station located at 400 ft amsl, at a distance of 150 nm...at which distance you will lose the contact ?

10500 ft.

For coverage and range, to calculate the range in nm, official learning objectives formula is.1.23 x square root transmitter height in feet + 1.23 x square root receiver height in feet..1.23 x sqrt400 + 1.23 sqrt = 150 nm. sqrt square root...24.6 nm + 1.23 x sqrt = 150 nm...1.23 x sqrt = 150 nm 24.6.1.23 x sqrt = 125.4 nm..125.4 / 1.23 = 101.95..101.95² = 10394 ft. exemple 435 10500 ft.

Question 291-13 : Due to an engine failure, you have to perform an emergency ditching. you are in contact with a ground station located at 400 ft amsl, and you are at 10500 ft amsl...the ground station is at a distance of ?

150 nm.

For coverage and range, to calculate the range in nm, official learning objectives formula is.1.23 x square root transmitter height in feet + 1.23 x square root receiver height in feet..1.23 x square root 400 + 1.23 x square root 10500 = 150 nm. exemple 439 150 nm.

Question 291-14 : What are the most unfavorable conditions for vhf wave propagation ?

High air density with a high frequency.

exemple 443 High air density with a high frequency.

Question 291-15 : At fl 350, above a flat terrain, you may expect good vhf reception at a maximum distance of a ground station of about ?

234 nm.

.you have to use the following formula.maximum range = 1.23 x square root height in feet..fl 350 = 35000 ft..maximum range = 1.23 x sqrt 35000 = 1.23 x 187 = 230 nm...we may expect a good vhf reception, not a strong vhf reception. exemple 447 234 nm.

Question 291-16 : The maximum distance at which you might expect solid vhf contact over flat terrain at flight level 100 is about ?

120 nm.

.the theoretical reception range for a vhf transmission can be estimated with this formula.1.23 x sqrt 10000 = 123 nm.. sqrt square root... fl 100 ==> 10000 ft. exemple 451 120 nm.

Question 291-17 : Under which of the following circumstances may you expect a solid reception of the tower frequency 118.2 mhz ?

Aircraft at high level in the vicinity of the ground station.

exemple 455 Aircraft at high level in the vicinity of the ground station.

Question 291-18 : Which is the frequency band containing frequencies of the aeronautical mobile service ?

118.000 136.975 mhz.

exemple 459 118.000 - 136.975 mhz.

Question 291-19 : The frequency bands 118.000 to 136.975 mhz allocated to the aeronautical mobile service are in the band of ?

Very high frequency.

exemple 463 Very high frequency.

Question 291-20 : Which of the following broadcast in the vhf frequency band is least likely to be affected by attenuation ?

Two aircraft in contact at 30000 ft.

exemple 467 Two aircraft in contact at 30000 ft.

Question 291-21 : The conditions to obtain the maximum transmission distance which ensure the best transmission will be obtained with the following parameters ?

3000 ft, 120 mhz.

exemple 471 3000 ft, 120 mhz.

Question 291-22 : An aircraft's vhf radio is replaced with a new unit with 3 times more power...what will be the increase in transmission range ?

1,7 times.


Question 291-23 : What does selcal mean ?

A system which permits the selective calling of individual aircraft over radiotelephone channels linking a ground station with the aircraft.

exemple 479 A system which permits the selective calling of individual aircraft over radiotelephone channels linking a ground station with the aircraft.

Question 291-24 : What does tcas mean ?

Traffic collision avoidance system.

exemple 483 Traffic collision avoidance system.

Question 291-25 : What does acars mean ?

Aircraft communication addressing and reporting system.

exemple 487 Aircraft communication addressing and reporting system.

Question 291-26 : When a tcas resolution advisory ra requires deviation from an atc clearance, pilots should report ra to the controller, as soon as practicable after he starts to deviate, with his aircraft call sign plus the phraseology ?

Tcas ra.

exemple 491 Tcas ra.

Question 291-27 : After the resolution advisory ra response is completed and a return to the atc clearance or instruction is initiated, pilot should use the following phraseology ?

Clear of conflict returning to assigned clearance.

exemple 495 Clear of conflict returning to (assigned clearance).

Question 291-28 : After the response to a resolution advisory ra is completed and the assigned atc clearance or instruction has been resumed, pilot should use the following phraseology ?

Clear of conflict assigned clearance resumed.

exemple 499 Clear of conflict (assigned clearance) resumed.

Question 291-29 : In the event that the controller issued a clearance or instruction contradictory to the tcas resolution advisory, the flight crew will follow the ra and inform the controller ?

Unable, tcas ra.

exemple 503 Unable, tcas ra.

Question 291-30 : The controller shall not attempt to modify the aircraft flight path, until the pilot announces ?

Clear of conflict.

exemple 507 Clear of conflict.


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