Question 30-1 : Annex 13the geographical limits if any within which the specifications given in annex 13 apply ? [ Students VFR ]

Question 30-2 : Annex 13when the location of an accident or a serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any state who initially shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation ?

The state of registry.

Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation accidents or incidents outside the territory of any state state of registry 53 when the location of the accident or the serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any state the state of registry shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident however it may delegate the whole or any part of the investigation to another state by mutual arrangement and consent531 states nearest the scene of an accident in international waters shall provide such assistance as they are able and shall likewise respond to requests by the state of registry532 recommendation if the state of registry is a non contracting state which does not intend to conduct an investigation in accordance with annex 13 the state of the operator or failing that the state of design or the state of manufacture should endeavour to institute and conduct an investigation however such a state may delegate the whole or any part of the investigation to another state by mutual arrangement and consent

Question 30-3 : A french registered aircraft piloted by a dutchman citizen with a german fcl license is crashed in spainthe state in charge of the investigation will be ?

Spain.

Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation accidents or incidents in the territory of a non contracting state state of registry 52 recommendation when the accident or the serious incident has occurred in the territory of a non contracting state which does not intend to conduct an investigation in accordance with this annex the state of registry or failing that the state of the operator the state of design or the state of manufacture should endeavour to institute and conduct an investigation in cooperation with the state of occurrence but failing such cooperation should itself conduct an investigation with such information as is available

Question 30-4 : During the approach the gpws has activated and the pilot received a 'pull up' warning after the revision of the flight data monitoring system the investigators saw that the aircraft was only 20 ft above the terrain this scenario is classified as ?

Serious incident.

Icao annex 13 definitionsincident an occurence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operationnote the types of incidents which are of main interest to the international civil aviation organization for accident prevention studies are listed in attachment cattachment c list of examples of serious incidents 3 the incidents listed are examples of what may be serious incidents however the list is not exhaustive and depending on the context items on the list may not be classified as serious incidents if effective defences remained between the incident and the credible scenario near collisions requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate

Question 30-5 : After landing while taxiing the landing gear sinks into a hole no person gets injured but the aircraft sustains structural failure which delays the departure which of the following correctly describes the situation and following action ?

This is an accident the crew must follow the procedure relevant to this case.

Icao annex 13chapter 1 definitionsaccident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or— direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or— direct exposure to jet blastexcept when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected componentexcept for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orc the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible note in this case the structual failure is the key word here which defined by law is an accident

Question 30-6 : The aircraft has made a complete stop on the apron when leaving the aircraft one of the passengers walks into the trailing edge of the wing and gets seriously injured what is this and what reporting procedure must be followed ?

An accident and the crew must follow the procedure relevant to this case.

Icao annex 13chapter 1 definitionsaccident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or— direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or— direct exposure to jet blastexcept when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and— would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected componentexcept for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orc the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible

Question 30-7 : What is the objective of the investigation of an accident or incident according to icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation ?

To prevent accidents and incidents.

Icao annex 13objective of the investigation31 the sole objective of the investigation of an accident or incident shall be the prevention of accidents and incidents it is not the purpose of this activity to apportion blame or liability

Question 30-8 : An operator shall not operate an aeroplane first issued with an individual certificate of airworthiness on or after 1 april 1998 which has a maximum certificated take off mass over 5700 kg unless it is equipped with a cockpit voice recorder which records 1 voice communications transmitted from or ?

1 2 4 5 6.

Easa air opscatidea185 cockpit voice recorder e the cvr shall record with reference to a timescale 1 voice communications transmitted from or received in the flight crew compartment by radio 2 flight crew members' voice communications using the interphone system and the public address system if installed 3 the aural environment of the flight crew compartment including without interruption i for aeroplanes first issued with an individual cofa on or after 1 april 1998 the audio signals received from each boom and mask microphone in use ii for aeroplanes referred to in a 2 and first issued with an individual cofa before 1 april 1998 the audio signals received from each boom and mask microphone where practicable 4 voice or audio signals identifying navigation or approach aids introduced into a headset or speaker

Question 30-9 : The first officer and the commander have just taken off from an airport and are now on the climb out the commander suddenly suffers from a major heart attack which incapacitates him from performing as a crew member fortunately the first officer is able to land the aircraft by himself when submitting ?

A serious incident.

Icao annex 13 attachment c list of examples of serious incidents1 the term serious incident is defined in chapter 1 as follows serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down 3 the incidents listed are examples of what may be serious incidents however the list is not exhaustive and depending on the context items on the list may not be classified as serious incidents if effective defences remained between the incident and the credible scenario flight crew incapacitation in flight a for single pilot operations including remote pilot or b for multi pilot operations for which flight safety was compromised because of a significant increase in workload for the remaining crew

Question 30-10 : To which state shall the final report of an accident or serious incident be sent to with minimum delay the state of registrythe state of the operatorthe state of designthe state of manufacturethe icao when the aircraft involved is of a maximum mass of over 2250 kg ?

1 2 3 4 is correct.

Icao annex 13 chapter 6 recipient states64 the final report of the investigation shall be sent with a minimum of delay by the state conducting the investigation to a the state that instituted the investigation b the state of registry c the state of the operator d the state of design e the state of manufacture f any state that participated in the investigation g any state having suffered fatalities or serious injuries to its citizens and h any state that provided relevant information significant facilitites or experts67 when the state that has conducted an investigation into an accident or an incident involving an aircraft of a maximum mass of over 5700 kg has released a final report that state shall send to the international civil aviation organization a copy of the final report

Question 30-11 : An aircraft has crashed in france its state of registry is the usa and the company is spanish who should contact who ?

France shall notify the usa and spain.

Icao annex 13accidents or incidents in the territory of a contracting state to aircraft of another contracting stateresponsibility of the state of occurrence41 the state of occurrence shall forward a notification of an accident a serious incident or an incident to be investigated within the context of this annex with a minimum of delay and by the most suitable and quickest means available to a the state of registry b the state of the operator c the state of design d the state of manufacture ande the international civil aviation organization when the aircraft is of a maximum mass of over 2250 kg or is a turbo jet powered aeroplane

Question 30-12 : What is the subject matter of regulation eu no 3762014 ?

Follow up and dissemination safety information.

Regulation eu no 3762014 of the european parliament and of the council of 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation amending regulation eu no 9962010 of the european parliament and of the council and repealing directive 200342ec of the european parliament and of the council and commission regulations ec no 13212007 and ec no 13302007article 3subject matter and scope1 this regulation lays down rules on a the reporting of occurrences which endanger or which if not corrected or addressed would endanger an aircraft its occupants any other person equipment or installation affecting aircraft operations and the reporting of other relevant safety related information in that context b analysis and follow up action in respect of reported occurrences and other safety related information c the protection of aviation professionals d appropriate use collected safety information e the integration of information into the european central repository and f the dissemination of anonymised information to interested parties for the purpose of providing such parties with the information they need in order to improve aviation safety

Question 30-13 : An aircraft lands at the destination with less than 30 minutes fuel this is reported as… ?

Serious incident.

Icao annex 13serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut downsituations classified as serious incidents include fuel quantity level or distribution requiring the declaration of an emergency by the pilot such as insufficient fuel fuel exhaustion fuel starvation or inability to use all usable fuel on boardeasa air opscatopmpa280 in flight fuel management – aeroplanesthe commander shall declare an emergency when the calculated usable fuel on landing at the nearest adequate aerodrome where a safe landing can be performed is less than final reserve fuel

Question 30-14 : An aircraft designed and manufactured in the united states of america usa registered and operated in the united kingdom uk and having a maximum mass of 10 tonnes crashes in france according to icao annex 13 'aircraft accident and incident investigation' which stateorganisation s must be notified ?

Question 30-15 : An aircraft with a maximum mass of 230 tonnes and registered in france disappeared on 1 june 2009 in the middle of the atlantic ocean being outside the territory of any state of designmanufacturethe operator the aircraft took off from rio de janeiro galeao aerodrome brazil and was bound for paris ?

France.

Important note there are two analogous questions in our database one where the aircraft takes off from paris bound for rio and the other where it departs from rio headed to parisplease read the question attentively to determine which version you are addressingicao annex 13 accidents or incidents outside the territory of any statestate of registry53 when the location of the accident or the serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any state the state of registry shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident however it may delegate the whole or any part of the investigation to another state by mutual arrangement and consent531 states nearest the scene of an accident in international waters shall provide such assistance as they are able and shall likewise respond to requests by the state of registry

Question 30-16 : According to icao annex 13 a flight recorder is any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of… ?

Question 30-17 : Which of the following occurrences is classified as an aircraft accident ?

An engineer is struck and seriously injured after the crew has boarded the aircraft.

Icao annex 13accident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or — direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or — direct exposure to jet blast except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew orb the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and — would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orc the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible

Question 30-18 : An aircraft has suffered damage to the landing gear and fuselage as well as experiencing an airprox how are these two events classified ?

Accident and serious incident respectively.

Icao annex 13 accident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and — would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orattachment c list of examples of serious incidents 2 the incidents listed are typical examples of incidents that are likely to be serious incidents the list is not exhaustive and only serves as guidance to the definition of serious incidentnear collisions requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate

Question 30-19 : Consider eu regulations on accidents incidents and occurrences in aviation which of the following options is correct ?

Reg eu 9962010 addresses safety investigations but excludes amongst others incident investigation involving military aircraft reg eu 3762014 adresses occurrence reporting and use of safety information in order to improve aviation safety.

Regulation eu no 3762014 of the european parliament and of the council of 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviationregulation eu no 9962010 of the european parliament and of the council of 20 october 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviation this regulation shall not apply to safety investigations into accidents and serious incidents which involve aircraft engaged in military customs police or similar services except when the member state concerned do determines in accordance with article 5 4 and national legislation

Question 30-20 : During a commercial air transport flight under ifr with a jet aeroplane a warning by the fuel low level alarm was triggered the flight crew declares an emergency and lands safely during the landing roll a tyre deflates after coming to a stop the crew cancels the distress messagethe fuel quantity ?

Serious incident.

Regulation eu no 9962010annexlist of examples of serious incidentsthe incidents listed are typical examples of incidents that are likely to be serious incidents the list is not exhaustive and only serves as guidance with respect to the definition of 'serious incident' — a near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate — controlled flight into terrain only marginally avoided — aborted take offs on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway — take offs from a closed or engaged runway from a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway — landings or attempted landings on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway — gross failures to achieve predicted performance during take off or initial climb — fires and smoke in the passenger compartment in cargo compartments or engine fires even though such fires were extinguished by the use of extinguishing agents — events requiring the emergency use of oxygen by the flight crew — aircraft structural failure or engine disintegration including uncontained turbine engine failures not classified as an accident — multiple malfunctions of one or more aircraft systems seriously affecting the operation of the aircraft — flight crew incapacitation in flight — fuel quantity requiring the declaration of an emergency by the pilot — runway incursions classified with severity a according to the manual on the prevention of runway incursions icao doc 9870 which contains information on the severity classifications — take off or landing incidents incidents such as undershooting overrunning or running off the side of runways — system failures weather phenomena operation outside the approved flight envelope or other occurrences which could have caused difficulties controlling the aircraft — failure of more than one system in a redundancy system mandatory for flight guidance and navigation

Question 30-21 : During a flight from prague to vienna an in flight loss of control occurred the european regulation on air operations includes rules on reporting such occurrences this regulation has been… ?

Drafted by easa for the european commission.

Easa proposes implementing rules to the european commission and promotes the highest common standards of safety and environmental protection in civil aviationthe european commission is the eu's politically independent executive arm it is alone responsible for drawing up proposals for new european legislation and it implements the decisions of the european parliament and the council of the eu

Question 30-22 : An aircraft is conducting an approach to an aerodrome when there is a runway lighting failure which eventually requires a diversion to be made what type of report should be made ?

Air traffic incident report.

Learning objective 01013030104 identify occurrences that must be reported 'source regulation eu no 3762014 article 4'regulation eu no 3762014 article 4 mandatory reporting 1 occurrences which may represent a significant risk to aviation safety and which fall into the following categories shall be reported by the persons listed in paragraph 6 through the mandatory occurrence reporting systems pursuant to this article d occurrences related to aerodromes and ground services such as i occurrences related to aerodrome activities and facilities now we have seen that this particular scenario does in fact require a report to be filed a mandatory occurrence report 'mor' we must work out if it is classed as an accident or an incident it is quite easy to tell that this occurrence is classed as an incident but the formal definition of each is belowregulation eu no 9962010 article 1 definitions 1 ‘accident’ means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or— direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or— direct exposure to jet blastexcept when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible 7 ‘incident’ means an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation

Question 30-23 : During take off the fire alarm sounded after a rejected take off all passengers are evacuated nobody gets hurt however one wing is completely burnt this is an example of aan ?

Accident.

Accident an occurence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such person have disembarked in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of being in the aircraft direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft direct exposure to jet blast except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflected or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew orb the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to the engine its cowlings or accessories or for damage limited to propellers wing tips antennas tires brakes fairings small dents or puncture holes in the aircraft skin c the aircraft is missing or completely inaccessible

Question 30-24 : Shortly before landing the co pilot reports feeling unwell and becomes incapacitated the aircraft lands safely how and when should the event be reported according to regulation eu no 9962010 ?

As a serious incident to the national civil aviation safety investigation authority without delay.

Refer to figureslearning objective 01013030101 identify an occurrence as being either an accident incident or serious incident in regulation eu no 9962010 of the european parliament and of the council of 20 october 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviationregulation eu no 9962010list of examples of serious incidentsthe incidents listed are typical examples of incidents that are likely to be serious incidents the list is not exhaustive and only serves as guidance with respect to the definition of 'serious incident' a near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate controlled flight into terrain only marginally avoided aborted take offs on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway take offs from a closed or engaged runway from a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway landings or attempted landings on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway gross failures to achieve predicted performance during take off or initial climb fires and smoke in the passenger compartment in cargo compartments or engine fires even though such fires were extinguished by the use of extinguishing agents events requiring the emergency use of oxygen by the flight crew aircraft structural failure or engine disintegration including uncontained turbine engine failures not classified as an accident multiple malfunctions of one or more aircraft systems seriously affecting the operation of the aircraft flight crew incapacitation in flight fuel quantity requiring the declaration of an emergency by the pilot runway incursions classified with severity a according to the manual on the prevention of runway incursions icao doc 9870 which contains information on the severity classifications take off or landing incidents incidents such as undershooting overrunning or running off the side of runways system failures weather phenomena operation outside the approved flight envelope or other occurrences which could have caused difficulties controlling the aircraft failure of more than one system in a redundancy system mandatory for flight guidance and navigationas crew incapacitation is classed as a serious incident under icao annex 13 and regulation eu no 9962010 then it must be reported as such directly to the national civil aviation safety investigation authority without delay see annex above now this does actually also constitute an mor report as it can be seen in other questions the serious incident report direct to the safety investigation authority would cover this but an operator should be made aware of the serious incident also and may decide to send an mor regardless but it is not required

Question 30-25 : Which of the following statements about eu regulation no 9962010 and eu regulation no 3762014 describes the correct relationship between the two regulations and their contributions to air safety ?

Both eu regulation no 9962010 and eu regulation no 3762014 aim to improve aviation safety whereas 9962010 focuses on investigations and 3762014 focuses on reporting and management of safety relevant information.

Refer to figures learning objective 01013030102 describe the relationship between regulation eu no 9962010 of the european parliament and of the council of 20 october 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviation and regulation eu no 3762014 of the european parliament and of the council of 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviationas can be seen in the annexes above the objectives of the two different regulations are slightly different to start they both aim to improve aviation safety but the earlier regulation 9962010 is based on the investigation of accidents and incidents whereas the later regulation 3762014 built on this to improve the systems of reporting and storing relevant safety information for use in these investigationsto remember which way round these are you can just think about what is most important firstly it is best to improve the capability of the investigations 9962010 to better learn from accidentsincidents after this we should improve the method of reporting the data in the first place 3762014 to widen the scope of what the investigations can learn from

Question 30-26 : An aeroplane has disappeared during flight and is now missing this would be classified as an ?

Accident.

Refer to figure learning objective 01013010103 determine whether a certain occurrence has to be defined as a serious incident or as an accidenteu regulation no 9962010 definitions 1 ‘accident’ means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of being in the aircraft or direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or direct exposure to jet blastexcept when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected componentexcept for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible occurrences are mostly split into three categories accidents the most dangerous type explained above incidents 'an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation' this is quite vague and encompasses a lot of different occurrences serious incidents 'an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and is associated with the operation of an aircraft' so effectively a bad incident that is not quite considered an accidentin this question the aircraft is completely lost so it easily fits into the category of accidentnote there are two different learning objectives that cover this one about icao annex 13 and the other referring to eu regulation no9962010 but as both have the same definition of an accident it does not matter an image of the definition from icao annex 13 is attached above

Question 30-27 : An aircraft has gone missing the wreckage has not been located and the official search has been terminated what is this occurence classified as in accordance with icao annex 13 ?

An accident.

Icao annex 13 chapter 1 definitionsaccident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or — direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or — direct exposure to jet blast except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew orb the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and — would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orc the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessibleincident an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operationserious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut downnote 1— the difference between an accident and a serious incident lies only in the result

Question 30-28 : Which option correctly describes the following events 1 a near collision which required an avoidance manoeuvre where no damage or injuries were sustained2 a runway excursion which resulted in significant damage to the flaps and landing gear but no injuries ?

Event 1 is classed as a serious incident because a collision almost happened but did not result in damage or harm event 2 is classed as an accident because there was significant damage to the aircraft.

Learning objective 01013010103 determine whether a certain occurrence has to be defined as a serious incident or as an accidenteu regulation no 9962010 definitions 1 ‘accident’ means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of being in the aircraft ordirect contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft ordirect exposure to jet blastexcept when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft andwould normally require major repair or replacement of the affected componentexcept for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible occurrences are mostly split into three categories accidents the most dangerous type explained aboveincidents 'an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation' this is quite vague and encompasses a lot of different occurrencesserious incidents 'an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and is associated with the operation of an aircraft' so effectively an event that came very close to an accidentin scenario 1 the aircraft came very close to an accident but none occurred so it is classed as a serious incidentin scenario 2 the aircraft sustained significant damages to the flaps and landing gear so even though no injuries occurred the scenario is classed as an accident

Question 30-29 : Regulation 3762014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation and regulation 9962010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents both deal with incident reportsregulation 3762014 intends to ?

Question 30-30 : Regulation eu no 3762014 of the european parliament and of the council on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation specifies the rules on the ?

Occurrence reporting analysis and dissemination of safety information.

Regulation eu no 3762014 of the european parliament and of the councilof 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation amending regulation eu no 9962010 of the european parliament and of the council and repealing directive 200342ec of the european parliament and of the council and commission regulations ec no 13212007 and ec no 13302007article 1 objectives1 this regulation aims to improve aviation safety by ensuring that relevant safety information relating to civil aviation is reported collected stored protected exchanged disseminated and analysedthis regulation ensures a that where appropriate safety action is taken in a timely manner based on analysis of the information collected b the continued availability of safety information by introducing rules on confidentiality and on the appropriate use of information and through the harmonised and enhanced protection of reporters and persons mentioned in occur rence reports and c that aviation safety risks are considered and dealt with at both union level and national level2 the sole objective of occurrence reporting is the prevention of accidents and incidents and not to attribute blame or liability

Question 30-31 : An aircraft with a maximum mass of 230 tonnes and registered in brazil disappeared on 1 june 2009 in the middle of the atlantic ocean being outside the territory of any state of designmanufacturethe operator the aircraft took off from paris charles de gaulle aerodrome france and was bound for rio de ?

Brazil.

Important note there are two analogous questions in our database—one where the aircraft takes off from paris bound for rio and the other where it departs from rio headed to paris please read the question attentively to determine which version you are addressingicao annex 13 accidents or incidents outside the territory of any state state of registry53 when the location of the accident or the serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any state the state of registry shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident however it may delegate the whole or any part of the investigation to another state by mutual arrangement and consent531 states nearest the scene of an accident in international waters shall provide such assistance as they are able and shall likewise respond to requests by the state of registry

Question 30-32 : A malfunctioning lock on the lavatory is to be reported as ?

Voluntary reporting.

Easa eu regulation 3762014 23 what types of occurrences shall be reported i mandatory reportingdiagram 1 obligations of reporting in the context of mandatory occurrence reporting systems mors occurrences to be reported occurrences related to the operation of the aircraftoccurrences related to manufacturingoccurrences related to designoccurrences related to maintenance and continuing airworthiness managementoccurrences related to related to air navigation services and facilitiesoccurrences related to aerodromes and ground servicesii voluntary reportingthere is no legal obligation under regulation 3762014 for reporting occurrences outside the situations detailed in diagram 1 above it is nevertheless understood that reporting of any safety relevant occurrence by anyone aware of it should be encouraged to allow such reporting regulation 3762014 imposes a legal obligation on organisations and competent authorities article 5 to establish voluntary occurrence reporting systems vors note a detailed list of all mandatory reporting occurrences can be found in easa eu regulation 20151018 this list includes critical occurrences for the safe conduct of the flight and occurrences related to the lavatory and its lock are not included therefore a defect lock on the lavatory is considered as 'voluntary reporting'

Question 30-33 : When the safety demonstration takes place some passengers are distracted and using their phones ignoring the demonstration what should the pilot do ?

Report this occurrence as a voluntary reporting.

Easa eu regulation 3762014 23 what types of occurrences shall be reported i mandatory reportingdiagram 1 obligations of reporting in the context of mandatory occurrence reporting systems mors occurrences to be reported occurrences related to the operation of the aircraftoccurrences related to manufacturingoccurrences related to designoccurrences related to maintenance and continuing airworthiness managementoccurrences related to related to air navigation services and facilitiesoccurrences related to aerodromes and ground servicesii voluntary reportingthere is no legal obligation under regulation 3762014 for reporting occurrences outside the situations detailed in diagram 1 above it is nevertheless understood that reporting of any safety relevant occurrence by anyone aware of it should be encouraged to allow such reporting regulation 3762014 imposes a legal obligation on organisations and competent authorities article 5 to establish voluntary occurrence reporting systems vors note a detailed list of all mandatory reporting occurrences can be found in easa eu regulation 20151018 this list includes critical occurrences for the safe conduct of the flight and occurrences related to the passengers not paying attention to the safety demonstration are not included therefore this is considered as 'voluntary reporting'

Question 30-34 : A few passengers were not seated during severe turbulence and received fractured legs and arms bones how is this situation called according to the regulations ?

Accident.

Regulation eu no 9962010 article 1 definitions 1 ‘accident’ means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or— direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or— direct exposure to jet blastexcept when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible 17 ‘serious injury’ means an injury which is sustained by a person in an accident and which involves one of the following a hospitalisation for more than 48 hours commencing within 7 days from the date the injury was received b a fracture of any bone except simple fractures of fingers toes or nose c lacerations which cause severe haemorrhage nerve muscle or tendon damage d injury to any internal organ e second or third degree burns or any burns affecting more than 5% of the body surface f verified exposure to infectious substances or harmful radiation 7 ‘incident’ means an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation 16 ‘serious incident’ means an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and is associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down a list of examples of serious incidents is set out in the annex

Question 30-35 : An aircraft lands on a closed runway due to poor communication with the atc this scenario is to be reported as ?

Mandatory reporting.

Mandatory reporting and voluntary reporting occurrences are analyzed in commision implementing regulation 20152018 regarding mandatory reporting in the category occurrences related to the operation of the aircraft the actual or potential taxiway or runway incursion scenario is included this means that mandatory reporting is required after a runway incursionin the given scenario the pilot enters a runway without authorization this is characterized as a runway incursion and mandatory reporting is requiredeasa eu regulation 3762014 23 what types of occurrences shall be reported i mandatory reportingdiagram 1 obligations of reporting in the context of mandatory occurrence reporting systems mors occurrences to be reported occurrences related to the operation of the aircraftoccurrences related to manufacturingoccurrences related to designoccurrences related to maintenance and continuing airworthiness managementoccurrences related to related to air navigation services and facilitiesoccurrences related to aerodromes and ground servicescommision implementing regulation 20152018 laying down a list classifying occurrences in civil aviation to be mandatorily reportedannex i occurrences related to the operation of the aircraft 13 take off and landing 2 actual or potential taxiway or runway incursion

Question 30-36 : The wing of an aircraft in flight powered by engines located under the wing is subjected to a bending moment which causes its leading edge from the wing root to the wing tip to operate in ?

Compression and then tension.

Question 30-37 : Among the different types of aircraft structures the shell structures efficiently transmit the 1 normal bending stresses2 tangent bending stresses3 torsional moment4 shear stressesthe combination regrouping all the correct statements is ?

1 2 and 3.

Shell structure is another name for monocoque constructionthe monocoque design uses stressed skin to support almost all imposed loads this structure can be very strong but cannot tolerate dents or deformation of the surface this characteristic is easily demonstrated by a thin aluminum beverage can you can exert considerable force to the ends of the can without causing any damagehowever if the side of the can is dented only slightly the can will collapse easily the true monocoque construction mainly consists of the skin formers and bulkheads the formers and bulkheads provide shape for the fuselage 657since no bracing members are present the skin must be strong enough to keep the fuselage rigid thus a significant problem involved in monocoque construction is maintaining enough strength while keeping the weight within allowable limitsdue to the limitations of the monocoque design a semi monocoque structure is used on many of today's aircraft

Question 30-38 : On a non stressed skin type wing the wing structure elements which take up the vertical bending moments mx are ?

The spars.

In a fixed wing aircraft the spar is often the main structural member of the wing 805multiple spars on a commercial aeroplane 806spar+stringers on a light aircraftthe spars are able to carry the upward resulting from the wing lift force that supports the fuselage in flight and downward whilst stationary on the ground due to the weight of the structure fuel carried in the wings and wing mounted engines if used bending moments

Question 30-39 : With regard to an aircraft structure fail safe is one ?

In which the load is carried by other components if a part of the structure fails.

In a fail safe construction the components were designed in a way that the loads are shared among adjacent componentsif one component fails the adjacent components take up the load for a limited period of time enough to allow the detection at the next periodic inspectionthe philosophy of fail safe is to anticipate a possible failure with a minimum of harm

Question 30-40 : For fail safe designed structural components 1 there is more than one load carrying component2 one load carrying component is sufficient provided it is strong enough3 the component is removed at the end of the calculated life time or number of cycles4 the design is based on the principle of ?

1 4.

In a fail safe construction the components were designed in a way that the loads are shared among adjacent componentsif one component fails the adjacent components take up the load for a limited period of time enough to allow the detection at the next periodic inspectionthe philosophy of fail safe is to anticipate a possible failure with a minimum of harm jbriol two identical questions and two different answers 14 or 23 which one do u consider valide 14please read the questions carefully this one is talking about fail safe the other one is talking about safe life