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In an inertial navigation system a tas input ? [ Students VFR ]

Question 65-1 : Required to provide a wind direction and velocity read out not required required for polar navigation required for the automatic flight control system afcs to compute a heading according to track

Revised ecqb04 october 2017 ..this question exists with the following statement .'what additional information is required to be input to an inertial navigation system ins in order to obtain a wind information readout . tas .ias .mach number .altitude and oat' exemple 165 Required to provide a wind direction and velocity read out.Required to provide a wind direction and velocity read out.

The platform of an inertial navigation system ins is maintained at right angles ?

Question 65-2 : Aircraft manoeuvres earth rotation transport wander and coriolis gyroscopic inertia earth rotation and real drift vertical velocities earth precession centrifugal forces and transport drift movement in the yawing plane secondary precession and pendulous oscillation

exemple 169 Aircraft manoeuvres, earth rotation, transport wander and coriolis.Aircraft manoeuvres, earth rotation, transport wander and coriolis.

In an inertial navigation system ins ground speed gs is calculated ?

Question 65-3 : By integrating measured acceleration from tas and w/v from air data computer adc from tas and w/v from rnav data by integrating gyro precession in n/s and e/w directions respectively

.the starting point for an inertial reference system is acceleration .in order to sense linear acceleration the inertial system uses mechanical inertial accelerometers .so if acceleration is known then speed can be calculated and if speed is known then distance can be calculated .the mathematical process that reduces acceleration to speed and speed to distance is called integration exemple 173 By integrating measured acceleration.By integrating measured acceleration.

During the initial alignment of an inertial navigation system ins the equipment ?

Question 65-4 : Will not accept a 10° error in initial latitude but will accept a 10° error in initial longitude will accept a 10° error in initial latitude but will not accept a 10° error in initial longitude will not accept a 10° error in initial latitude or initial longitude will accept a 10° error in initial latitude and initial longitude

.when align is selected the operator must enter the aircraft's position to the nearest tenth of a minute of latitude and longitude the latitude entered is used to check the alignment of the platform by checking the topple of the north and east gyros due to earth rotation earth rate against the latitude if the latitude is entered correctly but the longitude is entered in error the platform will get itself levelled and aligned and indicate that nav can be selected but its plot of aircraft position will be starting from the wrong place error in longitude exemple 177 Will not accept a 10° error in initial latitude but will accept a 10° error in initial longitude.Will not accept a 10° error in initial latitude but will accept a 10° error in initial longitude.

The average value for the position error of the ins inertial navigation systems ?

Question 65-5 : 0 5 to 2 nm/h 2 to 5 nm/h 10 to 12 nm/h 6 to 8 nm/h


The output data of an irs are .1 true track.2 mach number.3 present position ?

Question 65-6 : 1 3 4 5 3 2 5 1 2 3 4

.in their normal navigation mode the irss provide attitude true and magnetic heading acceleration vertical speed ground speed track present position and wind data to appropriate airplane systems irs outputs are independent of external navigation aids such as satellite the adc air data computer will compute the mach number exemple 185 1, 3, 4, 5.1, 3, 4, 5.

After alignment of the stable platform of an inertial navigation system ins ?

Question 65-7 : Acceleration north/south and east/west true heading and attitude latitude longitude and attitude acceleration north/south and east/west and true heading latitude longitude and true heading


In an inertial reference system accelerations are measured in relation to ?

Question 65-8 : Aircraft axis wgs84 earth coordinates the direction of true north local vertical at the aircraft position

.an irs system strapdown system consists in a platform attached to the aircraft chassis and which includes gyroscopes and accelerometers .the accelerations are measured in a trihedron which is fixed regarding to the aircraft's trihedron pitch roll and yaw axis exemple 193 Aircraft axis.Aircraft axis.

The full alignment of the stable platform of an inertial navigation system ins ?

Question 65-9 : Is only possible on the ground when the aircraft is at a complete stop may be carried out on the ground or when in straight and level flight may be carried out at any time so long as an accurate position is inserted into the system may be carried out during any phase of flight

.while the aircraft is stationary during the align mode gravity defines the local vertical and the gyro stabilised platform is placed perpendicular to the vertical i e in the local horizontal the north and east gyros are used to define the direction in which the earth is rotating east in order to define the platform's alignment relative to true north it is only possible on the ground when the aircraft is at a complete stop exemple 197 Is only possible on the ground when the aircraft is at a complete stop.Is only possible on the ground when the aircraft is at a complete stop.

Which of the following statements concerning the aircraft positions indicated ?

Question 65-10 : The positions are likely to differ because they are calculated from different sources the positions will only differ if one of the systems has been decoupled because of a detected malfunction the positions will only differ if an error has been made when inputting the present position at the departure airport the positions will be the same because they are an average of three different positions

.all the ins/irs in an aircraft are independent the positions for each irs/ins will be slightly different exemple 201 The positions are likely to differ because they are calculated from different sources.The positions are likely to differ because they are calculated from different sources.

A pilot accidentally turning off the irs in flight and then turns it back on a ?

Question 65-11 : It can only be used for attitude reference everything returns to normal and is usable the irs is usable in nav mode after a position update no useful information can be obtained from the irs

exemple 205 It can only be used for attitude reference.It can only be used for attitude reference.

Concerning the operation of an ins/irs the nav mode must be selected ?

Question 65-12 : Prior to movement of the aircraft off the gate when the alignment procedure is commenced on the runway just prior to take off prior to the loading of passengers and/or freight

exemple 209 Prior to movement of the aircraft off the gate.Prior to movement of the aircraft off the gate.

The data that needs to be inserted into an inertial reference system in order ?

Question 65-13 : Aircraft position in latitude and longitude the position of an in range dme airport icao identifier aircraft heading

.an irs needs to know the latitude only for alignment but needs the starting latitude and longitude for navigation exemple 213 Aircraft position in latitude and longitude.Aircraft position in latitude and longitude.

Which of the following statements concerning the loss of alignment by an ?

Question 65-14 : The navigation mode including present position and ground speed outputs is inoperative for the remainder of the flight it is not usable in any mode and must be shut down for the rest of the flight the mode selector has to be rotated to att then back through align to nav in order to obtain an in flight realignment the irs has to be coupled to the remaining serviceable system and a realignment carried out in flight

.you can only perform a re alignment on the ground the system is inoperative for navigation but it remains usable for attitude reference exemple 217 The navigation mode, including present position and ground speed outputs, is inoperative for the remainder of the flight.The navigation mode, including present position and ground speed outputs, is inoperative for the remainder of the flight.

Mode 'localizer arm' active on flight director means ?

Question 65-15 : System is armed for localizer approach and coupling will occur upon capturing centre line localizer alarm making localizer approach not authorized coupling has occurred and system provides control data to capture the centreline localizer is armed and coupling will occur when flag warning disappears

exemple 221 System is armed for localizer approach and coupling will occur upon capturing centre line.System is armed for localizer approach and coupling will occur upon capturing centre line.

A closed loop control system in which a small power input controls a much ?

Question 65-16 : A servomechanism an amplifier a feedback control circuit an autopilot

Admin .a servomechanism is a type of control system in which a small signal or a small force is used to control a much larger force and in which output accurately follows the input even if it is varying rapidly the system constantly compares the input and the output until the error signal becomes zero exemple 225 A servomechanism.A servomechanism.

The essential components of a flight director are .1 a computer .2 an ?

Question 65-17 : 1 4 1 2 2 4 2 3

exemple 229 1, 4.1, 4.

The control law of a transport airplane autopilot control channel may be ?

Question 65-18 : Computer input deviation data and the output control deflection signals input and output signals at the amplifier level respectively control deviation data and control deflection signals crew inputs to the computer and the detector responses returned to the airplane computer input deviation data and the signals received by the servoactuators

The autopilot control laws determine how the computer interprets a performance demand in terms of a control response exemple 233 Computer input deviation data and the output control deflection signals.Computer input deviation data and the output control deflection signals.

In a transport airplane an autopilot comprises in addition to the mode display ?

Question 65-19 : 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 6 1 3 4 6 2 3 4 5

exemple 237 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

A pilot engages the control wheel steering cws of a conventional autopilot and ?

Question 65-20 : Maintain the flight attitude obtained at that moment roll wings level and maintain the heading obtained at that moment maintain the track and the flight attitude obtained at that moment restore the flight attitude and the rate of turn selected on the autopilot control display unit


The basic modes of an autopilot consist in ?

Question 65-21 : Stabilizing the aircraft around its centre of gravity controlling the movement of the centre of gravity of the aircraft controlling the path of the aircraft horizontally or vertically controlling the path of the aircraft vertically only

Admin .the basic function of an autopilot is stabilisation the stabilisation of the aircraft around its centre of gravity .basic function is achieved by the inner loop systems .the advanced function is 'guidance' monitoring the movements of the centre of gravity in the three dimensions of space .outer loop systems offer the guidance facilities altitude hold heading hold vnav lnav .outer loops act from an external position on the inner loop and 'fool' the inner loop into manoeuvrig the aircraft into achieving its aim exemple 245 Stabilizing the aircraft around its centre of gravity.Stabilizing the aircraft around its centre of gravity.

On a modern aircraft the flight director modes are displayed on the ?

Question 65-22 : Upper strip of the pfd primary flight display upper strip of the nd navigation display upper strip of the ecam electronic centralized a/c management control panel of the flight director only


In order to know in which mode the auto throttles are engaged the crew will ?

Question 65-23 : Pfd primary flight display nd navigation display tcc thrust control computer throttles position

exemple 253 Pfd (primary flight display)Pfd (primary flight display)

An automatic landing system necessitating that the landing be continued ?

Question 65-24 : 'passive' 'safe' 'redundant' 'operational'

exemple 257 'passive'.'passive'.

When an aircraft operating in the vor coupled mode approaches the 'cone of ?

Question 65-25 : Temporarily maintains a heading is damped by a trim input signal from the lateral trim system remains always coupled to the selected vor radial is temporarily disconnected

exemple 261 Temporarily maintains a heading.Temporarily maintains a heading.

The command bars of a flight director are generally represented on an ?

Question 65-26 : Adi attitude director indicator hsi horizontal situation indicator rmi radio magnetic indicator ils instrument landing system

exemple 265 Adi (attitude director indicator)Adi (attitude director indicator)

After having programmed your flight director you see that the indications of ?

Question 65-27 : Increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane decrease the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the horizon decrease the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the horizon

exemple 269 Increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane.Increase the flight attitude until the command bars recentre on the symbolic airplane.

An autopilot capable of holding at least altitude and heading mode is compulsory ?

Question 65-28 : For ifr or night flights with only one pilot on multipilot airplanes for vfr and ifr flights with only one pilot on airplanes over 5 7 t

For a private flight an autopilot is not compulsory but for cpl/atpl we are talking about commercial air transportation .ops 1 655 additional equipment for single pilot operation under ifr .an operator shall not conduct single pilot ifr operations unless the aeroplane is equipped with an autopilot with at least altitude hold and heading mode exemple 273 For ifr or night flights with only one pilot.For ifr or night flights with only one pilot.

Among the following functions of an autopilot those related to the airplane ?

Question 65-29 : 3 4 and 5 1 3 4 and 5 1 2 and 6 1 2 3 and 6

Admin .the question is asking about the 'guidance' functions of the autopilot .the 'guidance' functions of a autopilot consist in monitoring the movements of the centre of gravity in the three dimensions of space 'guidance' functions are .altitude hold heading hold airspeed hold vnav vertical navigation lnav lateral navigation .pitch attitude holding horizontal wing holding yaw damper are parts of the 'basic' function of the autopilot the stabilisation of the aircraft around its centre of gravity exemple 277 3, 4 and 5.3, 4 and 5.

The ias or mach hold mode is provided by .1 the autopilot pitch channel in the ?

Question 65-30 : 1 4 1 3 2 3 2 4

Admin .during climb when ias or mach hold speed mode is engaged speed mode the speed is maintained by the autopilot pitch channel by adjusting the elevator position in order to decrease the climb angle thrust is maintained constant .when you are established at your cruising level or when established on the glide path the autothrottles will maintain speed constant by increasing or decreasing thrust the elevator is not adjusted for controlling the speed in alt hold or app mode exemple 281 1, 4.1, 4.

After having programmed your flight director you see that the indications of ?

Question 65-31 : Increase the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left until the command bars recentre on the symbolic aeroplane increase the flight attitude and bank your aeroplane to the right until the command bars recentre on the symbolic aeroplane decrease the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left until the command bars recentre on the symbolic aeroplane decrease the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the right until the command bars recentre on the symbolic aeroplane

exemple 285 Increase the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left until the command bars recentre on the symbolic aeroplane.Increase the flight attitude and bank your airplane to the left until the command bars recentre on the symbolic aeroplane.

When being engaged and without selecting a particular mode an automatic pilot ?

Question 65-32 : Aeroplane stabilisation with attitude hold or maintaining vertical speed and possibly automatic trim aeroplane piloting and guidance functions a constant speed on track wings horizontal all aeroplane piloting and guidance functions except maintaining radio navigation course lines

.the basic function of an autopilot is stabilisation the stabilisation of the aircraft around its centre of gravity .basic function is achieved by the inner loop systems .the advanced function is 'guidance' monitoring the movements of the centre of gravity in the three dimensions of space .outer loop systems offer the guidance facilities altitude hold heading hold vnav lnav .outer loops act from an external position on the inner loop and 'fool' the inner loop into manoeuvrig the aircraft into achieving its aim exemple 289 Aeroplane stabilisation with attitude hold or maintaining vertical speed and possibly automatic trim.Aeroplane stabilisation with attitude hold or maintaining vertical speed and possibly automatic trim.

The position of a flight director command bars ?

Question 65-33 : Indicates the manoeuvres to execute to achieve or maintain a flight situation repeats the adi and hsi information enables the measurement of deviation from a given position only displays information relating to radio electric deviation

exemple 293 Indicates the manoeuvres to execute, to achieve or maintain a flight situation.Indicates the manoeuvres to execute, to achieve or maintain a flight situation.

In an auto pilot slaved powered control circuit the system which ensures ?

Question 65-34 : Can itself when it fails prevent the automatic pilot from being engaged intervenes only when the automatic pilot has been engaged prevents uncommanded surface deflection when the automatic pilot is disengaged is inhibited when the automatic pilot is engaged

exemple 297 Can itself, when it fails, prevent the automatic pilot from being engaged.Can itself, when it fails, prevent the automatic pilot from being engaged.

An autopilot system ?

Question 65-35 : Must provide at least aircraft stabilisation functions must provide at least aircraft guidance functions must provide automatic take off functions may provide automatic take off functions

exemple 301 Must provide at least aircraft stabilisation functions.Must provide at least aircraft stabilisation functions.

During an automatic landing between 50 ft agl and touch down the autopilot ?

Question 65-36 : A vertical speed according to the radio altimeter height a constant vertical speed a vertical speed according to the gps height a constant flight path with reference to the ground

Admin .the autopilot flares out at this stage by progressively reducing the vertical velocity exemple 305 A vertical speed according to the radio altimeter height.A vertical speed according to the radio altimeter height.

A flight control system which can in the event of a failure complete ?

Question 65-37 : Operational passive soft hard

exemple 309 Operational.Operational.

Command bars of the flight director may be present on the . 1 hsi. 2 cdu. 3 ?

Question 65-38 : 3 1 2 3 1 3 1

exemple 313 33

Considering a flight director of the 'command bars' type ?

Question 65-39 : The vertical bar is associated with the roll channel the vertical bar is associated with the pitch channel the horizontal bar is associated with the roll channel the horizontal bar may be associated with the roll channel

exemple 317 The vertical bar is associated with the roll channel.The vertical bar is associated with the roll channel.

Considering a flight director of the 'command bars' type .1 the vertical bar ?

Question 65-40 : 1 4 1 2 4 1 3 4 1 2 3 4

exemple 321 1, 4.1, 4.


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