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Question 122-1 : The proprioceptors do not orient an individual to his/her surroundings but informs him/her of ? [ Preparation civilian ]

The relative motion and relative position of his body parts

exemple 222 The relative motion and relative position of his body parts.

Question 122-2 : A stereotype and involuntary reaction of the organism on stimulation of receptors is called ?

Reflex

exemple 226 Reflex.

Question 122-3 : The amount of light which strikes the retina is controlled by ?

The pupil

exemple 230 The pupil.

Question 122-4 : When focussing on near objects ?

The shape of lens gets more spherical

exemple 234 The shape of lens gets more spherical.

Question 122-5 : The ability of the lens to change its shape is called ?

Accommodation

exemple 238 Accommodation.

Question 122-6 : The mechanism of accommodation is controlled by ?

The functioning of the ciliary muscle around the lens

.the eye accommodates for close vision by tightening the ciliary muscles allowing the pliable crystalline lens to become more rounded

Question 122-7 : Presbyopia is ?

Long sightedness linked with age

exemple 246 Long sightedness linked with age.

Question 122-8 : Visual acuity during flight at high altitudes can be affected by .1 anaemia.2 smoking in the cockpit.3 carbon monoxide poisoning.4 hypoxia ?

1 2 3 and 4 are correct

exemple 250 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.

Question 122-9 : Glaucoma .1 can lead to total blindness.2 can lead to undetected reduction of the visual field.3 reduces visual acuity in its final stage ?

1 2 and 3 are correct

exemple 254 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

Question 122-10 : Glaucoma is ?

High intra ocular pressure

exemple 258 High intra-ocular pressure.

Question 122-11 : The peripheral vision is important for ?

Detecting moving objects

Pawepa .i though that it is the central vision responsible for detail colour and movement ..you may not realize that when you use your eyes to see you are actually seeing in many directions at the same time what you see directly in front of your eyes is called your central vision what you see off to the sides is your peripheral vision .when we are concentrating on something we focus on what is directly in front of us such as the computer monitor or a book we are reading but our eyes are constantly aware of other things going on around us such as someone approaching from the side this is especially important during activities such as driving a car or playing sports a driver may catch a hint of motion out of the corner of her eye that alerts her to a pedestrian stepping off the curb or a basketball player may pass the ball to a teammate coming up on the side that he saw using peripheral vision people with limited peripheral vision lack this ability to see to the side and are forced to turn their eyes or even their entire heads to see what is not directly in front of them exemple 262 Detecting moving objects.

Question 122-12 : Although we have a field of vision of more than 180° it is important during flight to use the scanning technique because ?

Only in the foveal area resolution is good enough to see an object clearly

exemple 266 Only in the foveal area resolution is good enough to see an object clearly.

Question 122-13 : The photosensitive cells being responsible for night vision are called ?

The rods

exemple 270 The rods.

Question 122-14 : When flying through a thunderstorm with lightning you can protect yourself from flashblindness by .1 turning up the intensity of cockpit lights.2 looking inside the cockpit.3 wearing sunglasses.4 using face blinds or face curtains when installed ?

1 2 3 and 4 are correct

Flyejf .i think the answer to this question wrong the answer should be '1 and 2 are correct 2 and 4 are false' ..in flash blindness exposure to a very bright light source can deprive pilots of vision for a period of time ranging from a few seconds to a few minutes this can be followed by afterimages such as the yellow and purple dots seen after a flash photo these afterimages will disappear in time .the answer given is the one you have to choose at the exam by the way we understand that wearing sunglasses while you are flying in a thunderstorm with lightning is not the best solution if you want to keep an eye on your instruments but all statements offer some degree of protection in the event of a lightning flash exemple 274 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct.

Question 122-15 : Which scanning technique should be used when flying at night ?

Look to the side 10 15 degrees of the object

exemple 278 Look to the side (10 - 15 degrees) of the object.

Question 122-16 : Coriolis illusion causing spatial disorientation is the result of ?

Simultaneous head movements during aircraft manoeuvres

.coriolis illusion the illusion of rotation or movement in an entirely different axis caused by an abrupt head movement while in a prolonged constant rate turn that has ceased to stimulate the brain s motion sensing system this involves the simultaneous stimulation of two semicircular canals and is associated with a sudden tilting forward or backwards of the pilot's head while the aircraft is turning this can occur when tilting the head down to look at an approach chart or to write on the knee pad or up to look at an overhead instrument or switch or sideways this can produce an overpowering sensation that the aircraft is rolling pitching and yawing all at the same time which can be compared with the sensation of rolling down a hillside this illusion can make the pilot quickly become disoriented and lose control of the aircraft exemple 282 Simultaneous head movements during aircraft manoeuvres.

Question 122-17 : When turning in imc head movements should be avoided as much as possible this is a prevention against ?

Coriolis illusion

.coriolis illusion the illusion of rotation or movement in an entirely different axis caused by an abrupt head movement while in a prolonged constant rate turn that has ceased to stimulate the brain s motion sensing system this involves the simultaneous stimulation of two semicircular canals and is associated with a sudden tilting forward or backwards of the pilot's head while the aircraft is turning this can occur when tilting the head down to look at an approach chart or to write on the knee pad or up to look at an overhead instrument or switch or sideways this can produce an overpowering sensation that the aircraft is rolling pitching and yawing all at the same time which can be compared with the sensation of rolling down a hillside this illusion can make the pilot quickly become disoriented and lose control of the aircraft exemple 286 Coriolis illusion.

Question 122-18 : A pilot who is trying to pick up a fallen object from the cockpit floor during a tight turn may experience ?

Coriolis illusion

.the coriolis illusion is caused by making a quick head movement during a constant rate turn that has ceased stimulating the inner ear the most common occurrence of this is a pilot making a timed 180 degree turn for one minute dropping a pen approach plate etc thus stirring up the fluid in the inner ear when the pilot comes back up he will feel as though he is straight and level although his instruments show he is still turning exemple 290 Coriolis illusion.

Question 122-19 : Empty field myopia is caused by ?

Lack of distant focal points

.empty field myopia is a condition in which the eyes having nothing specific within the available visual field upon which to focus focus automatically at a range of the order of a few metres ahead detection of objects outside this restricted field of view is delayed and if an object of interest does enter the restricted field of vision the determination of its size or range would be problematic exemple 294 Lack of distant focal points.

Question 122-20 : When a pilot is starring at an isolated stationary light for several seconds in the dark he might get the illusion that ?

The light is moving

exemple 298 The light is moving.

Question 122-21 : When you stare at a single light against the dark i e an isolated star you will find the light appears to move after some time .this phenomenon is called ?

Autokinetic phenomenon

exemple 302 Autokinetic phenomenon.

Question 122-22 : The 'black hole' phenomenon occurs during approaches at night and over water jungle or desert when the pilot is lacking visual cues other than those of the aerodrome there is an illusion of ?

Being too high and too far away dropping low and landing short

exemple 306 Being too high and too far away, dropping low and landing short.

Question 122-23 : You fly vfr from your home base runway width 27 m to an international airport runway width 45 m on reaching your destination there is a risk of performing a ?

High approach with overshoot

. /com en/com040 114 jpg.the width of the runway may cause incorrect height judgements on the final approach .a pilot used to a standard width runway may when approaching an airfield with a large runway judge he is too high and therefore round out on too low an approach . /com en/com040 74 jpg exemple 310 High approach with overshoot.

Question 122-24 : You fly vfr visual flight rules from your home base runway width 45 m to a small airfield runway width 27 m on reaching your destination there is a risk of performing a ?

Low approach with undershoot

exemple 314 Low approach with undershoot.

Question 122-25 : 1 in case of conflicting information you can always trust your seat of the pants sense .2 in case of conflicting information between the sensory organs and the instruments you must believe the instruments ?

1 is false 2 is correct

exemple 318 1 is false, 2 is correct.

Question 122-26 : Which procedure is recommended to prevent or overcome spatial disorientation ?

Rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments

.spatial disorientation is a false perception of orientation of the aircraft with respect to spatial references .the procedure recommended to prevent or overcome spatial disorientation is to rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments exemple 322 Rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments.

Question 122-27 : How can a pilot prevent spatial disorientation in flight ?

Establish and maintain a good instrument cross check

exemple 326 Establish and maintain a good instrument cross check.

Question 122-28 : If you are disorientated during night flying you must ?

Rely on your instruments

.spatial disorientation is a false perception of orientation of the aircraft with respect to spatial references .the procedure recommended to prevent or overcome spatial disorientation is to rely entirely on the indications of the flight instruments exemple 330 Rely on your instruments.

Question 122-29 : Having a serious cold it is better not to fly due to the extra risk of .1 flatulence.2 pain in the ear during descent.3 vertigo.4 pain in the nasal sinuses ?

2 3 and 4 are correct

exemple 334 2, 3 and 4 are correct.

Question 122-30 : Having a serious cold you are going to fly what can you expect ?

Pain in the sinuses

exemple 338 Pain in the sinuses.

Question 122-31 : The symptoms caused by gas bubbles under the skin following a decompression are called ?

Creeps

.symptoms caused by gas bubbles under the skin are called creeps .symptoms caused by gas bubbles in the lungs and the neck are called chokes .bends is the primary symptom of decompression illness it consists of pain in the joints .leans has nothing to do with decompression illness it is a somatogyral illusion illusions in mind exemple 342 Creeps.

Question 122-32 : Symptoms caused by gas bubbles in the lungs following a decompression are called ?

Chokes

.symptoms caused by gas bubbles under the skin are called creeps .symptoms caused by gas bubbles in the lungs and the neck are called chokes .bends is the primary symptom of decompression illness it consists of pain in the joints .leans has nothing to do with decompression illness it is a somatogyral illusion illusions in mind exemple 346 Chokes.

Question 122-33 : Some hours after a rapid decompression at fl 300 you experience pain in the joints which of following answers is correct ?

You should ask for medical advice flight surgeon since this is a symptom of decompression sickness

exemple 350 You should ask for medical advice (flight surgeon) since this is a symptom of decompression sickness.

Question 122-34 : Tolerance to decompression sickness is decreased by .1 scuba diving.2 obesity.3 age.4 body height ?

1 2 and 3 are correct

exemple 354 1, 2 and 3 are correct.

Question 122-35 : Decompression symptoms are caused by ?

Dissolved gases from tissues and fluids of the body

.decompression sickness describes a condition arising from dissolved gases coming out of solution into bubbles inside the body on depressurisation decompression sickness most commonly refers to a specific type of underwater diving hazard but may be experienced in other depressurisation events such as caisson working or flying in unpressurised aircraft .since bubbles can form in or migrate to any part of the body decompression sickness can produce many symptoms and its effects may vary from joint pain and rashes to paralysis and death individual susceptibility can vary from day to day and different individuals under the same conditions may be affected differently or not at all exemple 358 Dissolved gases from tissues and fluids of the body.

Question 122-36 : In the event of rapid decompression the first action for the flight deck crew is ?

Don oxygen masks and ensure oxygen flow

exemple 362 Don oxygen masks and ensure oxygen flow.

Question 122-37 : Decompression sickness can be prevented by .1 avoiding cabin altitudes above 18000 ft.2 maintaining cabin pressure below 8000 ft when flying at high altitudes.3 performing physical exercises before and during the flight.4 breathing 100% oxygen for 30 min prior and during the flight ?

1 2 and 4 are correct

.the most satisfactory way to prevent decompression sickness is to avoid exposure to altitudes at which it occurs it does not occur at altitudes below 18&8201 000 feet .breathing 100% oxygen will flush nitrogen from the tissues and the bloodstream this procedure is known as 'pre oxygenation' or 'denitrogenation' exemple 366 1, 2 and 4 are correct.

Question 122-38 : Following a rapid decompression at 30000 feet the time of useful consciousness would be about ?

Between 45 seconds and 1 minute 30 seconds

. /com en/com070 169 jpg. exemple 370 Between 45 seconds and 1 minute 30 seconds.

Question 122-39 : After a rapid decompression at 35 000 feet the time of useful consciousness is about ?

30 to 90 seconds

Img /com en/com070 169 jpg. exemple 374 30 to 90 seconds.

Question 122-40 : After scuba diving more than 30 feet of depth you have to wait a period of time before flying again this period is at least ?

24 hours

.the recommended waiting time before going to flight altitudes of up to 8000 feet is at least 12&8201 h after diving which has not required controlled ascent nondecompression stop diving and at least 24 h after diving which has required controlled ascent decompression stop diving .the waiting time before going to flight altitudes above 8000 feet should be at least 24 h after any scuba dive .this takes into consideration the risk of decompression of the aircraft during flight exemple 378 24 hours.


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