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Question 125-1 : The 5 human senses tend to adapt ? [ Preparation civilian ]

This statement is true

.the five human senses sight hearing touch smell taste .the human senses tend to adapt constantly to stimuli and to be sensitive according to the mean energy values of their perceptual field exemple 225 This statement is true.

Question 125-2 : Expanded abdominal air following rapid decompression at 30 000 feet ?

May be dangerous causing great pain

exemple 229 May be dangerous causing great pain.

Question 125-3 : Excessive intake of aspirin can cause ?

Gastric bleeding

exemple 233 Gastric bleeding.

Question 125-4 : Which of the following is most true ?

Regular exercise is beneficial to general health but the most efficient way to lose weight is by reducing calorie consumption

exemple 237 Regular exercise is beneficial to general health, but the most efficient way to lose weight is by reducing calorie consumption.

Question 125-5 : Where on the arousal/performance graph is a pilot best placed to cope with a difficult task without performance degrading ?

Below the 'breakpoint'

.the graph below shows the relationship between tension/arousal/stress/anxiety and performance . /com en/com040 929 jpg.you are able to cope up to 'breakpoint' but not at or beyond that point

Question 125-6 : When the weather is foggy on approach a pilot may get a feeling of ?

The airfield being further away than actually is

exemple 245 The airfield being further away than actually is.

Question 125-7 : When might a pilot have the sensation of a nose low attitude ?

When decelerating in straight horizontal flight


Question 125-8 : Which is the audible range to human hearing ?

Between 20 hz and 20 khz

exemple 253 Between 20 hz and 20 khz.

Question 125-9 : Which of the following statements is/are correct .1 rem sleep becomes shorter with any repeated sleep cycle during the night .2 rem sleep is more important for the regeneration of mental functions than all the other sleep stages are ?

1 is false 2 is correct

Admin .after we have been asleep for about 90 minutes we move into the first phase of rapid eye moevement rem sleep in this phase our brains exhibit alpha waves which have frequency 9 14 hz and these are the ones we show during rem sleep .the following graphic shows that we have 4 or 5 episodes of rem sleep during the night with more occurring close to the time we will get up . 2530.the horizontal scale is sleep time in hours and the vertical the stages of sleep .rem sleep is more important for the regeneration of mental functions than all the other sleep stages are exemple 257 1 is false, 2 is correct.

Question 125-10 : Which of the following statements is correct concerning flight in an environment of low contrast fog snow darkness haze ?

It is difficult to estimate the correct speed and size of approaching objects

exemple 261 It is difficult to estimate the correct speed and size of approaching objects.

Question 125-11 : Which of the following is correct ?

70% 80% of information processed by man enters the visual channel

exemple 265 70% - 80% of information processed by man enters the visual channel.

Question 125-12 : Which of the following statements concerning tiredness is correct ?

Tiredness is a subjective sensation which may result in hypovigilance

.tiredness can be the result of physical and/or intellectual overload it is the cause and not the result of reduced performance and attention from everyday experience we know that both mental and physical effort can cause fatigue and fatigue leads to errors exemple 269 Tiredness is a subjective sensation which may result in hypovigilance.

Question 125-13 : When accelerating forward the otoliths in the utriculus/sacculus will ?

Give the illusion of climbing body tilting backwards nose of the a/c going up

exemple 273 Give the illusion of climbing (body tilting backwards, nose of the a/c going up).

Question 125-14 : Which of the following statements concerning barotrauma are correct ?

It is caused by pressure differentials between gases in hollow cavities of the body and the ambient pressure

.barotrauma typically occurs when the organism is exposed to a significant change in ambient pressure such as when a scuba diver a free diver or an airplane passenger ascends or descends or during uncontrolled decompression of a pressure vessel barotrauma is physical damage to body tissues caused by a difference in pressure between a gas space inside or in contact with the body and the surrounding pressure exemple 277 It is caused by pressure differentials between gases in hollow cavities of the body and the ambient pressure.

Question 125-15 : Which of the following statements about hyperthermia is correct ?

Complete adaptation to the heat in a hot country takes about a fortnight

.hyperthermia is defined as a temperature greater than 37 5 38 3°c depending on the reference that occurs without a change in the body's temperature set point the normal human body temperature in a healthy adult can be as high as 37 7°c in the late afternoon hyperthermia requires an elevation from the temperature that would otherwise be expected such elevations range from mild to extreme body temperatures above 40°c can be life threatening exemple 281 Complete adaptation to the heat in a hot country takes about a fortnight.

Question 125-16 : Which of the following occurs in man if the internal body temperature increases to 39°c ?

Impairment of physical and mental performance

.the normal human body temperature in a healthy adult is between 36 5°c and 37 5 °c .hyperthermia is defined as a temperature greater than 37 5°c and can lead to dehydration associated with heat stroke the skin may become red and hot as blood vessels dilate in an attempt to increase heat dissipation sometimes leading to swollen lips .this can lead to fainting or dizziness especially if the person stands suddenly the person may become confused or hostile and may seem intoxicated exemple 285 Impairment of physical and mental performance.

Question 125-17 : Which of the following list are symptoms of fatigue .1 diminished accommodation.2 slowed reactions.3 long term memory access problems.4 being over talkative.5 diminished motor skills ?

1 2 3 and 5

exemple 289 1, 2, 3 and 5.

Question 125-18 : Tuc time of useful consciousness is ?

The length of time during which an individual can act with both mental and physical efficiency measured from the moment at which he/she is exposed to hypoxia

exemple 293 The length of time during which an individual can act with both mental and physical efficiency, measured from the moment at which he/she is exposed to hypoxia.

Question 125-19 : When considering the eating habits of pilots ?

Breakfast should bring about 25% of the daily calorie intake

exemple 297 Breakfast should bring about 25% of the daily calorie intake.

Question 125-20 : What are the main sources of radiation at height ?

Galactic cosmic caused by galactic particles and solar radiation caused by solar flares

.the term 'cosmic radiation' refers to any radiation that originates in outer space that is outside our solar system it is composed of subatomic particles and 'rays' of energy such as gamma rays and x rays .some of this radiation reaches earth every day however the earth's atmosphere absorbs much of it before it can reach the ground .another source of electromagnetic radiation is produced by bursts of energy from the sun these radiation producing events known as 'solar flares' sun storms occur from time to time rather than continuously .the earth's atmosphere acts as a sort of radiation shield around our planet at ground level we benefit most from this shielding effect but when we fly we travel to altitudes where the atmosphere is thinner leaving us more exposed to cosmic radiation .there are three main factors that can affect the amount of exposure to cosmic radiation .altitude the higher we go the greater the dose.latitude the closer we get to the poles the greater the dose.duration the longer we stay aloft the greater the dose.since solar flares also can emit significant amounts of harmful radiation crews flying during periods of this kind of solar activity may be exposed to additional doses exemple 301 Galactic (cosmic) caused by galactic particles and solar radiation caused by solar flares.

Question 125-21 : Up to what altitude is blood oxygen saturation reduction unlikely to affect a pilot's judgement ?

10 000 ft

exemple 305 10 000 ft.

Question 125-22 : What can cause spatial disorientation ?

False perception of orientation of the aircraft with respect to spatial references

.spatial disorientation will be most likely to occur during flight if the brain receives conflicting information and the pilot does not believe the instruments exemple 309 False perception of orientation of the aircraft with respect to spatial references.

Question 125-23 : Trace elements should be obtained through ?

A balanced diet

exemple 313 A balanced diet.

Question 125-24 : The vestibular apparatus consists of the ?

Semi circular canals and the otoliths

.in red the vestibular apparatus . /com en/com040 703 jpg.semi circular canals include posterior canal lateral canal and anterior canal .the inner ear contains the vestibular system which contains the motion and gravity detecting sense organs this system is located in the temporal bone on each side of the head each vestibular apparatus consists of two distinct structures the semicircular canals and the vestibule proper which contain the otolith organs the vestibular system both the semicircular canals and the otolith organs sense changes in aircraft attitude the semicircular canals of the inner ear sense changes in angular acceleration and deceleration exemple 317 Semi-circular canals and the otoliths.

Question 125-25 : Cataract is caused by ?

A clouding of the lens

exemple 321 A clouding of the lens.

Question 125-26 : Vision of terrain relief e g hills valleys etc ?

Is based on binocular vision at short distances and the rules of proportion and perspective for objects that are further away

exemple 325 Is based on binocular vision at short distances and the rules of proportion and perspective for objects that are further away.

Question 125-27 : What is the correct action to counteract vertigo ?

Believe the instruments

exemple 329 Believe the instruments.

Question 125-28 : When a pilot suffers from hypothermia e g after loss of cabin heating his/her demand for oxygen will be ?

Initially increased

.cold increases the body's demand for oxygen which is required to burn carbohydrates in order to generate heat to keep the body warm exemple 333 Initially increased.

Question 125-29 : What law s governs the oxygen transfer at the alveoli ?

Gas diffusion laws

.fick's law gas diffusion law gas will diffuse from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration exemple 337 Gas diffusion laws.

Question 125-30 : What is meant by presbycusis ?

Gradual loss of hearing with age

exemple 341 Gradual loss of hearing with age.

Question 125-31 : What is hypoxia ?

Any condition where the oxygen concentration of the body is below the limits to meet the needs of the body tissues

exemple 345 Any condition where the oxygen concentration of the body is below the limits to meet the needs of the body tissues.

Question 125-32 : What factors can lead to a deterioration in vision .1 hypoxia.2 smoking.3 poor diet lacking vitamin a.4 exposure to bright lights .which of the following lists all the correct statements ?

1 2 3 and 4

exemple 349 1, 2, 3 and 4.

Question 125-33 : What diseases can be associated with contaminated water ?

Typhoid cholera dysentery

exemple 353 Typhoid, cholera, dysentery.

Question 125-34 : Medical conditions such as high blood pressure coronary problems and diabetes are associated with ?

Obesity

exemple 357 Obesity.

Question 125-35 : Loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens due to ageing occurs in ?

Presbyopia

exemple 361 Presbyopia.

Question 125-36 : List the constituent parts of the blood and state their function ?

Red cells carry oxygen white cells are involved in immunity and platelets coagulate blood

exemple 365 Red cells carry oxygen, white cells are involved in immunity and platelets coagulate blood.

Question 125-37 : Is it possible to survive depressurized flight at 40 000 feet for more than 10 minutes ?

Yes provided 100% oxygen is immediately available from masks

exemple 369 Yes, provided 100% oxygen is immediately available from masks.

Question 125-38 : Physical exercise in high temperatures tropical climates may ?

Cause painful muscle and abdominal cramps

.the body's physiological processes will continue to function normally as long as body temperature is maintained within a normal range .maintenance of body temperature depends on the body's ability to dissipate heat .prolonged exposure to extreme heat may result in heat illness .heat cramps are extremely painful muscle spasms that occur most commonly in the calf and abdomen although any muscle may be involved the occurrence is related to the excessive.loss of water and electrolytes sodium chloride potassium calcium magnesium which are essential elements in muscle contraction the balance of the concentrations of these elements within the body is upset when there is profuse sweating resulting in losses of large amounts of water and small quantities of these electrolytes i e dehydration this imbalance will ultimately.cause painful muscle contractions and cramps exemple 373 Cause painful muscle and abdominal cramps.

Question 125-39 : Inhaling carbon monoxide can be extremely dangerous during flying which of the following statements is correct ?

Carbon monoxide is odo ess and colo ess

exemple 377 Carbon monoxide is odourless and colourless.

Question 125-40 : Information received from the senses is lost ?

Within 10 20 seconds unless it is rehearsed and deliberately placed in the long term memory

exemple 381 Within 10 - 20 seconds unless it is rehearsed and deliberately placed in the long term memory.


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