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Question 139-1 : An aircraft is flying from point a to point b on the upper level contour chart .the altimeter setting is 1013 2 hpa which of these statements is correct . 293 ? [ Revision flight ]

The true altitude will be higher at a than at b

Admin .if you stand with your back to the wind in the northern hemisphere low pressure is on your left buys ballot's law .with a wind coming from the west direction and you stand with your back to it low pressure is on your left . 542.on the annex a is on a higher contour line than b true altitude will be higher at a than at b exemple 239 The true altitude will be higher at a than at b.

Question 139-2 : An aircraft is flying from point a to point b on the upper level contour chart the altimeter setting is 1013 2 hpa which of these statements is correct . 294 ?

The true altitude will be higher at b than at a

Admin .in southern hemisphere wind flows clockwise around a low . 543.close to point b we can suppose a low pressure area as stated on our drawing but it could be a high pressure area .a is at a lower pressure than in b the true altitude will be higher at b than at a

Question 139-3 : You are planning to fly across a mountain range the chart recommends a minimum altitude of 12000 feet above mean sea level .the air mass you will be flying through is an average 10°c warmer than isa your altimeter is set to 1023 hpa qnh of a nearby airport at nearly sea level .what altitude will ?

11520 feet

Admin .the air mass is warmer than isa thus your true altitude will be greater than your indicated altitude .you only have to correct the air above the airport for the temperature deviation qnh is set correctly so to determine the true altitude/height the following rule of thumb called the '4% rule' shall be used the altitude/height changes by 4% for each 10°c temperature deviation from isa .4 x 1 x 12000 / 100 = 480 ft .as sait before your true altitude will be greater than your indicated altitude the recommended minimum true altitude is 12000 ft indicated altitude is lower .12000 480 = 11520 ft exemple 247 11520 feet.

Question 139-4 : An aircraft lands at an airport airport elevation 540 ft qnh 993 hpa with the altimeter set to 1013 hpa what will it indicate ?

1080 ft

Admin .the qnh is less than isa so the true altitude will be less than the indicated .the true altitude is 540 ft and the pressure error is 1013 993 = 20 hpa x 27 ft/hpa = 540 ft .indicated altitude will be higher 540 + 540 = 1080 ft exemple 251 1080 ft.

Question 139-5 : After landing at an aerodrome qnh 993 hpa it is noticed that the altimeter is still set to 1013 2 hpa and that it reads 1200 feet what is the elevation of the aerodrome above mean sea level ?

660 feet

Admin .you simply have to turn the altimeter subscale setting knob counterclockwise .from 1013 2 to 993 .it's a decrease of indicated altitude by 20 hpa x 27 ft = 540 ft .1200 ft 540 ft = 660 ft exemple 255 660 feet.

Question 139-6 : Select from the map the average temperature for the route zurich rome at fl 110 . 303 ?

9°c

Admin . 549.if you take in account the ' 8' located below the red ' 9' why you don't take in account the ' 3' located just below rome . 9 + 7 + 7 /3 = 7 66. 7 66°c at fl100 + 2°c for fl110 = 9 66°c exemple 259 -9°c.

Question 139-7 : Select from the map the average temperature for the route athens geneva at fl 150 . 304 ?

14°c

Admin .average temperature for the route athens to geneva is around 20°c 16+18+25 /3 at fl 180 .assuming a typical lapse rate of 2°c/1000ft at fl 150 it will be 6°c warmer . 20°c + 6°c = 14°c exemple 263 -14°c.

Question 139-8 : What is the deviation of the temperature at fl 140 above copenhagen compared to isa . 304 ?

8°c colder than isa

Admin .at fl180 above copenhagen temperature is 29°c .at fl180 in a standard atmosphere temperature is .15° 2° x 18 = 21°c .as the current temperature at that level is 29°c you can say that at fl180 it is currently isa 8°c .without other informations for fl140 we can only assume that the same temperature deviation occurs at fl140 exemple 267 8°c colder than isa.

Question 139-9 : Select from the map the average temperature for the route zurich lisboa at fl 200 . 305 ?

33°c

Admin .the chart is for fl240 . 550.36 + 38 + 42 + 43 + 42 + 43 + 43 = 287.287/7 = 41°c.+2°/1000 ft in standard atmopshere when descending .fl240 ==> fl200 4000 ft ==> +8°c . 41 + 8° = 33°c exemple 271 -33°c.

Question 139-10 : Select from the map the average temperature for the route geneva stockholm at fl260 . 306 ?

47°c

Admin .this chart is given for fl300.at fl260 between geneva and stockholm average temperature is . 52 + 54 + 57 + 57 + 56 + 56 /6 = around 55°c .average temperature at fl260 is 8° warmer 2° per 1000 ft = 55°c + 8°c = 47°c exemple 275 -47°c.

Question 139-11 : Looking at the chart at what altitude above frankfurt would you expect the tropopause to be located . 308 ?

Fl 360

Admin . 553.frankfurt is close to the 350 boxe answer fl360 is the best exemple 279 Fl 360.

Question 139-12 : If you are flying from zurich to shannon at fl 340 where will your cruising altitude be . 311 ?

Constantly in the stratosphere

Admin . 555.all boxes on the chart indicate a level below fl340 on the zurich to shannon route exemple 283 Constantly in the stratosphere.

Question 139-13 : The troposphere is the ?

Part of the atmosphere below the tropopause

Admin . 633 exemple 287 Part of the atmosphere below the tropopause

Question 139-14 : The tropopause is a level at which ?

Temperature ceases to fall with increasing height

Admin . 633.the layer from 12 km to 25 km above the tropopause is absolutely stable the temperature does not vary with height it is an isothermal layer where we have absolute stability exemple 291 Temperature ceases to fall with increasing height.

Question 139-15 : The tropopause is lower ?

Over the north pole than over the equator

Admin . 558 exemple 295 Over the north pole than over the equator

Question 139-16 : The temperature at 10000 ft in the icao standard atmosphere is ?

5°c

Admin .in standard atmosphere the decrease in temperature per 1000 feet is 2°c .the icao standard atmosphere isa states 'at msl temperature is 15°c and pressure is 1013 25 hpa' .at 10000 ft temperature is .15°c 2°c x 10 = 5°c exemple 299 -5°c.

Question 139-17 : What of the following is the most important constituent in the atmosphere from a weather stand point ?

Water vapour

exemple 303 Water vapour.

Question 139-18 : The average height of the tropopause at 50°n is about ?

11 km

Admin . 558 exemple 307 11 km.

Question 139-19 : The height and the temperature of the tropopause are respectively in the order of ?

16 km and 75°c over the equator

Admin . 558.height of the tropopause .polar tropopause 8km 45°c .tropicale tropopause 15 km 75°c .equatorial tropopause 16 km 80°c .we can say for this question that the temperature over the equator is in the order of 75°c/ 80°c exemple 311 16 km and -75°c over the equator.

Question 139-20 : In the icao standard atmosphere the decrease in temperature with height below 11 km is ?

0 65°c per 100m

Admin .2°c/1000 ft exemple 315 0.65°c per 100m

Question 139-21 : Which statement is correct regarding the icao standard atmosphere ?

At msl temperature is 15°c and pressure is 1013 25hpa

exemple 319 At msl temperature is 15°c and pressure is 1013.25hpa

Question 139-22 : Qnh is defined as ?

Qfe reduced to msl using the values of the standard atmosphere

Admin .qnh doesn't give you msl mean sea level zero height just the pressure reading at which your altimeter will read zero .in cold air this will be above msl in warm air below msl .at isa temperatures the qnh pressure level will be at msl but will not necessarily be 1013 hpa exemple 323 Qfe reduced to msl using the values of the standard atmosphere.

Question 139-23 : Which of the following statements is true ?

Qnh can be equal to qfe

exemple 327 Qnh can be equal to qfe.

Question 139-24 : Which statement is true ?

Qnh can be lower as well as higher than 1013 25 hpa

exemple 331 Qnh can be lower as well as higher than 1013.25 hpa.

Question 139-25 : When the subscale is set to the qnh of an airfield the pressure altimeter indicates ?

Elevation while landing

Admin .regardless of atmospheric conditions the altimeter will indicate field elevation at touchdown with qnh set because the qnh is the qfe reduced to sea level using isa conditions and the altimeter is calibrated to isa conditions exemple 335 Elevation while landing.

Question 139-26 : The radiation of the sun heats ?

The surface of the earth which heats the air in the troposphere

exemple 339 The surface of the earth, which heats the air in the troposphere.

Question 139-27 : The vertical extent of the friction layer depends primarily on ?

Stability wind speed roughness of surface

Admin .the height of the friction layer can vary depending on the type of terrain and wind speed it depends also on the vertical temperature profile .if the air is stable environmental lapse rate less than 1 8°c/1000 ft any air moved up by turbulence will want to sink back to its original level in the atmosphere and there will be a relatively shallow friction layer .if the air is unstable elr more than 3°c/1000 ft then any movement up will continue up increasing the depth of the friction layer exemple 343 Stability, wind speed, roughness of surface.

Question 139-28 : The following temperatures have been observed over a station at 1200 utc station is at mean sea level .20000 ft 12°c.18000 ft 11°c.16000 ft 10°c.14000 ft 10°c.12000 ft 6°c.10000 ft 2°c.8000 ft +2°c.6000 ft +6°c.4000 ft +12°c.2000 ft +15°c.surface +15°c.which of the following statements ?

Assuming that the msl pressure is 1013 25 hpa the true altitude of an aircraft would actually be higher than the indicated altitude

Admin .the isa temperature lapse rates is 2°c/1000 ft .at 2000 ft temperature is +11°c .at 4000 ft temperature is +7°c .at 6000 ft temperature is +3°c .at 8000 ft temperature is 1°c .at 10000 ft temperature is 5°c .at 12000 ft temperature is 9°c .at 14000 ft temperature is 13°c .at 16000 ft temperature is 17°c .at 18000 ft temperature is 21°c .at 20000 ft temperature is 25°c .apart from sea level we can see from the observed temperatures that the air is warmer than isa throughout .an aircraft at fl180 for example will be at a higher true altitude than 18000 ft indicated altitude exemple 347 Assuming that the msl pressure is 1013.25 hpa the true altitude of an aircraft would actually be higher than the indicated altitude.

Question 139-29 : A significant inversion at low height is a characteristic of ?

Nocturnal radiation

Admin .air close to the surface is cooled significantly but the air above it isn't and the surface temperature falls below the temperature of the air above exemple 351 Nocturnal radiation.

Question 139-30 : In order to reduce qfe to qnh which of the following item s must be known ?

Elevation of the airfield

exemple 355 Elevation of the airfield.

Question 139-31 : The qnh is equal to the qfe if ?

The elevation = 0

exemple 359 The elevation = 0

Question 139-32 : Which of the following conditions gives the highest value of the qnh ?

Qfe = 995 hpa elevation = 1600 ft 488m

Admin .qfe=1000 hpa thus qnh = 1000 + 1200 / 27 = 1000 + 44 4 = 1044 4 hpa .qfe=1003 hpa thus qnh = 1003 + 1200 / 27 = 1003 + 44 4 = 1047 4 hpa .qfe=995 hpa thus qnh = 995 + 1200 / 27 = 995 + 44 4 = 1039 4 hpa .qfe=995 hpa thus qnh = 995 + 1600 / 27 = 995 + 59 3 = 1054 3 hpa exemple 363 Qfe = 995 hpa, elevation = 1600 ft (488m)

Question 139-33 : The pressure altitude is equal to the true altitude if ?

Standard atmospheric conditions occur

Admin .pressure altitude is the altitude you read on an altimeter it's indicated altitude .true altitude depends on temperature pressure altitude is only the same as true altitude in isa conditions exemple 367 Standard atmospheric conditions occur.

Question 139-34 : You must make an emergency landing at sea the qnh of a field on a nearby island with an elevation of 4000 ft is 1025 hpa and the temperature is 20°c .what is your pressure altimeter reading when landing if 1025 hpa is set in the subscale ?

Less than 0 ft

Admin .with temperature below isa we are 'actually' below the indicated altitude but .with a subscale of 1025 hpa while landing on the airport 4000 ft would have been correct actual and indicated .if you fly lower than the indicated aiport altitude for which qnh has been calculated correction will be reverse in that case in colder air our true actual altitude will be higher than altitude indicated on our altimeter .if you perform an emergency landing at sea your altimeter will indicate 0 ft whereas you still are few meters above the sea exemple 371 Less than 0 ft.

Question 139-35 : The troposphere ?

Has a greater vertical extent above the equator than above the poles

exemple 375 Has a greater vertical extent above the equator than above the poles.

Question 139-36 : For a given airfield the qfe is 980 hpa and the qnh is 1000 hpa the approximate elevation of the airfield is ?

160 metres

Admin .the qfe indicates in standard atmosphere the height of the aircraft above the official airport elevation an altimeter set to qfe will therefore read zero when on the ground and you want to know the approximate elevation of the airfield .. qfe 980 hpa = read zero on the altimeter.|.| m / 8m per hpa = 20 hpa 1000 980 .|.| qnh 1000 hpa.8m x 20 hpa = 160 metres exemple 379 160 metres.

Question 139-37 : Which is true of the temperature at the tropopause ?

It is higher in polar regions than in equatorial regions

Admin .polar tropopause 8km 45°c .tropicale tropopause 15 km 75°c .equatorial tropopause 16 km 80°c . 491 exemple 383 It is higher in polar regions than in equatorial regions

Question 139-38 : Around paris on january 3rd at 1800 utc the surface temperature under shelter is 3°c .the sky is covered by 8 oktas of stratus qnh is 1033 hpa .if the sky is covered all night the minimum temperature of the night of january 3rd to january 4th should be ?

Slightly below +3°c

Admin . the sky is covered by 8 oktas of stratus it's overcast the stratus cloud cover will act as a lid close to the surface the heat is kept close from the ground .there will still be a small temperature drop on a winter night thus the minimum temperature should be slightly below +3°c exemple 387 Slightly below +3°c.

Question 139-39 : On a clear sky continental ground surface wind calm the minimum temperature is reached approximately ?

Half an hour after sunrise

Admin .the temperature falls continuously until a little after sunrise the lowest temperature occurs at about sunrise plus 30 minutes exemple 391 Half an hour after sunrise.

Question 139-40 : An isohypse contour ?

Indicates the true altitude of a pressure level

Admin .isohypses contour lines are drawn on a constant pressure chart therefore they indicate the true altitude of a pressure level exemple 395 Indicates the true altitude of a pressure level.


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