Question 15-1 : An aircraft intercepted by another aircraft shall immediately attempt to establish radio communication with the intercepting aircraft on the following frequencies ? [ Study Manual ]

Question 15-2 : Outside rvsm airspace an aircraft is considered to be maintaining its assigned level as long as the ssr mode c derived level information indicated that it is within ?

+ 300 ft of the assigned level.

Icao doc 4444 8552

Question 15-3 : An aircraft is considered to overtake another if it approaches the other aircraft from the rear on a line forming an angle of less than ?

70 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter.

Annex 2 rules of the air 322 right of way3224 overtaking an overtaking aircraft is an aircraft that approaches another from the rear on a line forming an angle of less than 70 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter ie is in such a position with reference to the other aircraft that at night it should be unable to see either of the aircraft's left port or right starboard navigation lights an aircraft that is being overtaken has the right of way and the overtaking aircraft whether climbing descending or in horizontal flight shall keep out of the way of the other aircraft by altering its heading to the right and no subsequent change in the relative positions of the two aircraft shall absolve the overtaking aircraft from this obligation until it is entirely past and clear

Question 15-4 : An aircraft is maintaining fl 150 within airspace class c another aircraft below at fl 140 is receiving a clearance to descend to fl 70 it is severe turbulence in the area when is the earliest that a clearance to descend to fl 140 or below can be expected ?

When the other aircraft has reported that it has descended through fl 130.

Doc4444 procedures for air navigation services air traffic management pans atm 534 vertical separation during climb or descent 5341 an aircraft may be cleared to a level previously occupied by another aircraft after the latter has reported vacating it except when a severe turbulence is known to exist b the higher aircraft is effecting a cruise climb orc the difference in aircraft performance is such that less than the applicable separation minimum may result in which case such clearance shall be withheld until the aircraft vacating the level has reported at or passing another level separated by the required minimum

Question 15-5 : An aircraft making a radar approach should be advised to consider executing a missed approach if the position or identification of the aircraft is in doubt during any portion of the final approach or if the aircraft is not visible on the radar display for significant interval during the last ?

2 nm.

Icao doc 4444 pans atm 896 radar approaches89618 an aircraft making a radar approach should a be directed to execute a missed approach in the following circumstances i when the aircraft appears to be dangerously positioned on final approach orii for reasons involving traffic conflictions oriii if no clearance to land has been received from the procedural controller by the time the aircraft reaches a distance of 4 km 2 nm from touchdown or such other distance as has been agreed with the aerodrome control tower oriv on instructions by the aerodrome controller orb be advised to consider executing a missed approach in the following circumstances i when the aircraft reaches a position from which it appears that a successful approach cannot be completed orii if the aircraft is not visible on the situation display for any significant interval during the last 4 km 2 nm of the approach oriii if the position or identification of the aircraft is in doubt during any portion of the final approachin all such cases the reason for the instruction or the advice should be given to the pilot

Question 15-6 : An aircraft making a radar approach should be directed to consider executing a missed approach if the aircraft is not visible on the radar display for any significant interval during the ?

Last 2 nm of the approach.

Icao doc 4444 pans atm 896 radar approaches89618 an aircraft making a radar approach should a be directed to execute a missed approach in the following circumstances i when the aircraft appears to be dangerously positioned on final approach orii for reasons involving traffic conflictions oriii if no clearance to land has been received from the procedural controller by the time the aircraft reaches a distance of 4 km 2 nm from touchdown or such other distance as has been agreed with the aerodrome control tower oriv on instructions by the aerodrome controller orb be advised to consider executing a missed approach in the following circumstances i when the aircraft reaches a position from which it appears that a successful approach cannot be completed orii if the aircraft is not visible on the situation display for any significant interval during the last 4 km 2 nm of the approach oriii if the position or identification of the aircraft is in doubt during any portion of the final approachin all such cases the reason for the instruction or the advice should be given to the pilot

Question 15-7 : An aircraft making a radar approach should be directed to execute a missed approach if no clearance to land has been received from the non radar controller by the time the aircraft reaches a distance of ?

2 nm from the touchdown.

Icao doc 4444 pans atm 896 radar approaches89618 an aircraft making a radar approach should a be directed to execute a missed approach in the following circumstances i when the aircraft appears to be dangerously positioned on final approach orii for reasons involving traffic conflictions oriii if no clearance to land has been received from the procedural controller by the time the aircraft reaches a distance of 4 km 2 nm from touchdown or such other distance as has been agreed with the aerodrome control tower oriv on instructions by the aerodrome controller orb be advised to consider executing a missed approach in the following circumstances i when the aircraft reaches a position from which it appears that a successful approach cannot be completed orii if the aircraft is not visible on the situation display for any significant interval during the last 4 km 2 nm of the approach oriii if the position or identification of the aircraft is in doubt during any portion of the final approachin all such cases the reason for the instruction or the advice should be given to the pilot

Question 15-8 : The information communicated in an atis broadcast shall be updated ?

Immediately a significant change occurs.

Annex 11 436 automatic terminal information service b the information communicated shall be updated immediately a significant change occurs

Question 15-9 : An ats airspace where ifr and vfr are permitted and receive flight information service if requested is classified as ?

Airspace g.

Annex 11 air traffic services official table 740

Question 15-10 : An ats airspace where ifr and vfr are permitted ifr flights are subject to air traffic control service and are separated from other ifr flights all flights receive traffic information as far as is practical is classified as ?

Airspace e.

Annex 11 air traffic services official table 740

Question 15-11 : An ats airspace where ifr and vfr flights are permitted all flights are subject to air traffic control service and are separated from each other is classified as ?

Airspace b.

Annex 11 air traffic services official table 740

Question 15-12 : An ats airspace where ifr and vfr flights are permitted all flights are subject to air traffic control service and ifr flights are separated from other ifr flights and from vfr flights vfr flights are separated from ifr flights and receive traffic information about other vfr flight is ?

Airspace c.

Annex 11 air traffic services official table 740

Question 15-13 : An ats airspace where ifr and vfr flights are permitted all participating ifr flights receive an air traffic advisory service and all flights receive flight information service if requested is classified ?

Airspace f.

Annex 11 air traffic services official table 740

Question 15-14 : An ats airspace where ifr and vfr fligts are permitted and all flights are subject to air traffic control service ifr flights are separated from other ifr flights and receive traffic information in respect of vfr flights vfr flights receive traffic information in respect of all other flights is ?

Airspace d.

Annex 11 air traffic services official table 740

Question 15-15 : Approach control servicean expected approach time eat will be transmitted by the most expeditious means to the aircraft when it is expected that it has to hold ?

For 30 minutes or more.

Doc 4444 pans atmchapter 6 separation in the vicinity of aerodromes 657 expected approach time 6572 an expected approach time shall be transmitted to the aircraft by the most expeditious means whenever it is anticipated that the aircraft will be required to hold for 30 minutes or more

Question 15-16 : Area control centres issue clearances for the purpose of ?

Achieving separation between controlled flights.

Question 15-17 : At the commencement of final approach if the controller possesses wind information in the form of components significant changes in the mean surface wind direction and speed shall be transmitted to aircraft the mean cross wind component significant change is ?

5 kt.

Pans atm doc4444 664 at the commencement of final approach the following information shall be transmitted to aircraft a significant changes in the mean surface wind direction and speed note significant changes are specified in annex 3 chapter 4 however if the controller possesses wind information in the form of components the significant changes are mean headwind component 19 kmh 10 kt mean tailwind component 4 kmh 2 kt mean crosswind component 9 kmh 5 kt

Question 15-18 : At the commencement of final approach if the controller possesses wind information in the form of components significant changes in the mean surface wind direction and speed shall be transmitted to aircraft the mean head wind component significant change is ?

10 kt.

Pans atm doc4444 664 at the commencement of final approach the following information shall be transmitted to aircraft a significant changes in the mean surface wind direction and speed note significant changes are specified in annex 3 chapter 4 however if the controller possesses wind information in the form of components the significant changes are mean headwind component 19 kmh 10 kt mean tailwind component 4 kmh 2 kt mean crosswind component 9 kmh 5 kt

Question 15-19 : At the commencement of final approach if the controller possesses wind information in the form of components significant changes in the mean surface wind direction and speed shall be transmitted to aircraft the mean tail wind component significant change is ?

2 kt.

Pans atm doc4444 664 at the commencement of final approach the following information shall be transmitted to aircraft a significant changes in the mean surface wind direction and speed note significant changes are specified in annex 3 chapter 4 however if the controller possesses wind information in the form of components the significant changes are mean headwind component 19 kmh 10 kt mean tailwind component 4 kmh 2 kt mean crosswind component 9 kmh 5 kt

Question 15-20 : Atis updatingwhenever atis is provided the broadcast information shall be updated ?

Immediately a significant change occurs.

Annex 11 436 automatic terminal information service voice andor data link the information communicated shall be updated immediately a significant change occurs

Question 15-21 : Atis broadcast ?

Shall not be transmitted on the voice channel of an ils.

Annex 11 air traffic services chapter 4 flight information service4342 a discrete vhf frequency shall whenever practicable be used for voice atis broadcasts if a discrete frequency is not available the transmission may be made on the voice channel s of the most appropriate terminal navigation aid s preferably a vor provided the range and readability are adequate and the identification of the navigation aid is sequenced with the broadcast so that the latter is not obliterated4343 voice atis broadcasts shall not be transmitted on the voice channel of an ils

Question 15-22 : Atis broadcast messages containing departure and arrival information should include cloud cover when the clouds are ?

Below 1500 m 5000 ft or below the highest minimum sector altitude whichever is the greater.

Icao annex 11 and doc4444 437 atis for arriving and departing aircraft atis messages containing both arrival and departure informationshall contain the following elements of information in the order listed a name of aerodrome b arrival andor departure indicator c contract type if communication is via d atis d designator e time of observation if appropriate f type of approach es to be expected g the runway s in use status of arresting system constituting a potential hazard if any h significant runway surface conditions and if appropriatebraking action i holding delay if appropriate j transition level if applicable k other essential operational information l surface wind direction and speed including significant variations and if surface wind sensors related specifically to the sections of runway s in use are available and the information is required by operators the indication of the runway and the section of the runway to which the information refers m visibility and when applicable rvr n present weather o cloud below 1500 m 5000 ft or below the highest minimum sector altitude whichever is greater cumulonimbus if the sky is obscured vertical visibility when available p air temperature q dew point temperature r altimeter setting s s any available information on significant meteorological phenomena in the approach and climb out areas including wind shear and information on recent weather of operational significance t trend forecast when available andu specific atis instructions

Question 15-23 : Change from ifr to vfr will always take place ?

On the initiative of the aircraft commander.

Question 15-24 : Classification of airspace above 3050m 10000 ft amsl the vmc minima for vfr flights in all classes of airspace are ?

Visibility 8 km distance from clouds 1500 m horizontal 1000 ft vertical.

Question 15-25 : Clearance for descentan aircraft flying under ifr maintaining fl 150 has requested clearance for descent another aircraft flying below maintaining fl 140 receives the clearance 'descend to fl 70 report passing fl100' the earliest moment the pilot of the aircraft at the higher level can expect to ?

That he has left fl 140.

Doc4444 procedures for air navigation services air traffic management pans atm 534 vertical separation during climb or descent 5341 an aircraft may be cleared to a level previously occupied by another aircraft after the latter has reported vacating it except when a severe turbulence is known to exist b the higher aircraft is effecting a cruise climb orc the difference in aircraft performance is such that less than the applicable separation minimum may result in which case such clearance shall be withheld until the aircraft vacating the level has reported at or passing another levelseparated by the required minimum

Question 15-26 : Clearance on final approacha pilot may expect to receive the clearance to land or any alternative clearance before the aircraft reaches a distance of ?

2 nm from touchdown.

Icao doc 4444 89617 clearance to land or any alternative clearance received from the aerodrome controller or when applicable the procedural controller should normally be passed to the aircraft before it reaches a distance of 4 km 2 nm from touchdown

Question 15-27 : Clearances will be issued by an atc unit for the purpose of ?

Achieving separation between controlled flights.

Question 15-28 : Concerning to rnp required navigation performance types the indication rnp 4 represents a navigation accuracy of ?

Plus or minus 4 nm on a 95 per cent containment basis.

Pans atm doc4444 rnp type a containment value expressed as a distance in nautical miles from the intended position within which flights would be for at least 95 per cent of the total flying timeexample rnp 4 represents a navigation accuracy of plus or minus 74 km 4 nm on a 95 per cent containment basis 741

Question 15-29 : A control area cta is a controlled airspace extending upwards from ?

A specified limit above the earth.

Pans atm doc4444 control zone ctr controlled airspace extending upwards from the surface of the earth to a specified upper limit controlled airspace an airspace of defined dimensions within which air traffic control service is provided in accordance with the airspace classificationnote controlled airspace is a generic term which covers ats airspace classes a b c d and e 735 control area cta a controlled airspace extending upwards from a specified limit above the earth advisory airspace an airspace of defined dimensions or designated route within which air traffic advisory service is available

Question 15-30 : Ctr minimum lateral limitshow many nm shall a control zone extend at least from a reference point of the aerodrome or aerodromes into the direction from which approaches may be made ?

5 nm.

A control zone is a controlled airspace extending upwards from the surface of the earth to a specified upper limitannex 11 air traffic services 2105 control zones21051 the lateral limits of control zones shall encompass at least those portions of the airspace which are not within control areas containing the paths of ifr flights arriving at and departing from aerodromes to be used under instrument meteorological conditions21052 the lateral limits of a control zone shall extend to at least 93 km 5 nm from the centre of the aerodrome or aerodromes concerned in the directions from which approaches may be made

Question 15-31 : During an arrival procedure under an ifr flight plan in vmc conditions traffic avoidance is the responsibility of ?

The pilot in command.

In vmc and imc in vmc conditions the crew are ultimately responsible for avoiding collisions with other aircraft

Question 15-32 : During an ifr flight in vmc in controlled airspace you experience a two way radio communication failure you will ?

Land at the nearest suitable aerodrome maintaining vmc and inform atc.

Doc 4444 chapter 15 procedures related to emergenciescommunication failure and contingencies153 air ground communications failure1533 if the aircraft fails to indicate that it is able to receive and acknowledge transmissions separation shall be maintained between the aircraft having the communication failure and other aircraft based on the assumption that the aircraft will a if in visual meteorological conditions 1 continue to fly in visual meteorological conditions 2 land at the nearest suitable aerodrome and3 report its arrival by the most expeditious means to the appropriate air traffic control unit

Question 15-33 : Expected approach time eat a pilot receive an eat as soon as practicable when an expected approach delay is ?

Question 15-34 : Except in some special cases the establishment of change over points should be limited to route segments of ?

60 nm or more.

Annex 11 air traffic services213 establishment ofchange over points2131 recommendation change over points should be established on ats route segments defined by reference to very high frequency omnidirectional radio ranges where this will assist accurate navigation along the route segments the establishment of change over points should be limited to route segments of 110 km 60 nm or more except where the complexity of ats routes the density of navigation aids or other technical and operational reasons warrant the establishment of change over points on shorter route segments

Question 15-35 : Except otherwise established by the appropriate ats authority a surveillance radar approach sra shall be terminated at a distance from the touchdown of ?

2 nm.

Pans atm doc4444 8971 surveillance radar approach 89711 a final approach using solely surveillance radar should not be carried out if precision approach radar is available unless meteorological conditions are such as to indicate with reasonable certainty that a surveillance radar approach can be completed successfully89712 a surveillance radar approach shall only be performed with equipment suitably sited and a situation display specifically marked to provide information on position relative to the extended centre line of the runway to be used and distance from touchdown and which is specifically approved for the purpose by the appropriate ats authority89713 when conducting a surveillance radar approach the controller shall comply with the following f the surveillance radar approach shall be terminated i at a distance of 4 km 2 nm from touchdown orii before the aircraft enters an area of continuous radar clutter oriii when the pilot reports that a visual approach can be effected whichever is the earliest

Question 15-36 : Except when prescribed in procedures or made possible by agreements aircraft under radar control shall not be vectored closer to the boundary of controlled airspace than ?

25 nm.

Pans atm doc 4444 865 vectoring8651 vectoring shall be achieved by issuing to the pilot specific headings which will enable the aircraft to maintain the desired track when vectoring an aircraft a controller shall comply with the following c except when transfer of control is to be effected aircraft shall not be vectored closer than 46 km 25 nm or where the minimum permissible separation is greater than 93 km 5 nm a distance equivalent to one half of the prescribed separation minimum from the limit of the airspace for which the controller is responsible unless local arrangements have been made to ensure that separation will exist with aircraft operating in adjoining areas

Question 15-37 : Fligh information region fir is an airspace within which the following services are provided ?

Flight information service and alerting service.

Icao doc 4444 procedures for air navigation services air traffic management chapter 1 definitions flight information region fir an airspace of defined dimensions within which flight information service and alerting service are provided flight information service a service provided for the purpose of giving advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights alerting service a service provided to notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search and rescue aid and assist such organizations as required

Question 15-38 : Flight information service provided to flights shall include the provision of information concerning collision hazards to aircraft operating in airspace classes ?

C to g inclusive .

Icao annex 11 air traffic services chapter 4 flight information service422 flight information service provided to flights shall include in addition to that outlined in 421 the provision of information concerning a weather conditions reported or forecast at departure destination and alternate aerodromes b collision hazards to aircraft operating in airspace classes c d e f and g

Question 15-39 : Flight information service shall be provided to aircraft in order to avoid collision hazards when operating in airspace classes ?

C d e f and g.

Icao annex 11 air traffic services chapter 4 flight information service422 flight information service provided to flights shall include in addition to that outlined in 421 the provision of information concerning a weather conditions reported or forecast at departure destination and alternate aerodromes b collision hazards to aircraft operating in airspace classes c d e f and g

Question 15-40 : Flight planfor an ifr flight to an airport equipped with navaids the estimated time of arrival is the estimated time at which the aircraft ?

Will arrive overhead the initial approach fix.

Estimated time of arrival for ifr flights the time at which it is estimated that the aircraft will arrive over that designated point defined by reference to navigation aids from which it is intended that an instrument approach procedure will be commenced or if no navigation aid is associated with the aerodrome the time at which the aircraft will arrive over the aerodrome for vfr flights the time at which it is estimated that the aircraft will arrive over the aerodrome expected approach time the time at which atc expects that an arriving aircraft following a delay will leave the holding fix to complete its approach for a landing