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Question 154-1 : What is the most probable temperature at the tropical tropopause ? [ Learning aircraft ]
75°c.
.the tropopause is at the top of the troposphere. it marks the boundary between the troposphere and the next atmospheric layer, the stratosphere. the tropopause is defined as being that part of the atmosphere where temperature no longer decreases with height...the temperature at the tropopause can be as high as 40°c over the poles and as low as 80°c over the equator. the average height of the tropopause is at about 11 km where its temperature is 56.5°c..above tropical regions 15° 30° n and s the most probable temperature is 75°c.
Question 154-2 : What is the average temperature difference from isa at fl 300 between edinburgh and madrid. 339 ?
2°c.
.from edinburg to madrid, at fl300, temperatures are. 49 + 48 + 47 + 47 + 46 + 46 + 47 /7 = 47°c...isa temperature at fl300 is 15º 2º x 30 = 45ºc...average oat outside air temperature is 2°c colder than isa.
Question 154-3 : Considering the route between valencia and charleston at fl 340, the forecast mean temperature is . 342 ?
50°c
.at fl340 between valencia and charleston, average temperature is around 50°c..pick up some temperatures close to the track. 616.. 48+56+50+50+45+50+46+48+57 /9 = 50°c minus 50°c.
Question 154-4 : The temperature lapse rate of the standard atmosphere in the troposphere is ?
2°c/1000 ft.
Question 154-5 : The radiosonde can directly measure ?
Atmospheric pressure, air temperature, humidity.
.pressure, temperature and humidity are measured using three capacitative sensors. a radiosonde 'sonde' is french for probe is a unit for use in weather balloons that measures various atmospheric parameters and transmits them to a fixed receiver..wind speed and direction are not directly measured by the radiosonde. wind speed and direction can be determined from additional windfinding equipment. these parameters are calculated from the position of the sonde at successive time intervals.
Question 154-6 : Flight from lisbon lppt to kingston mkjp at 40°n 20°w, the temperature deviation from isa at fl 390 is. 2534 ?
0°c.
. 624. 56.7 is considered to be the lowest isa temperature. so temperature deviation from isa at fl 390 is 0°.
Question 154-7 : At which pressure and temperature conditions may you safely assume that the minimum usable flight level at least lies at the same height, as the minimum safe altitude ?
At a temperature greater than or equal to that of the isa and where the qnh is greater than or equal to 1013.25 hpa.
.if the qnh is more than 1013.25 hpa, our true altitude will be more than our pressure altitude flight level..example qnh 1023, fl 100 pressure altitude 10000 ft , our true altitude will be approximately 10300 ft..also, if it is warmer than isa, our true altitude will be higher than our indicated altitude.
Question 154-8 : Given.altimeter setting 1013.2 hpa.altimeter reading 5000 ft.outside air temperature at 5000 ft +5°c.qfe 958 hpa.qnh 983 hpa.what is the true height of the aeroplane above the aerodrome ?
3515 ft.
.1013 958 = 55 hpa.55 hpa x 27 = 1485 ft...isa temperature at 5000 ft.15°c 2°c x 5 = +5°c oat = isa, so we are in isa conditions..5000 1485 = 3515 ft...you are flying at fl50 subscale setting 1013.15 hpa , you turn counterclockwise your subscale setting knob until the scale reads 958 hpa.indicated altitude will decrease by 55 ft x 27 ft = 1485 ft, and becomes a true height since the subscale scale is qfe qfe indicates the height of the aircraft above the aerodrome, in standard atmosphere...to find the answer you must do.5000 675 810 = 3515...675 is difference between the ground and msl qnh..810 is difference between the msl and fl.
Question 154-9 : At fl 180, the air temperature is 35°c. the air density at this level is ?
Greater than the density of the isa at fl 180.
.at fl180 the isa deviation is 14ºc which is obviously colder..heating reduces density volume is greater a parcel of the air expands..cooling increases density volume is lower a parcel of the air shrinks..final statement density is inversely proportional to temperature... so if it's colder density is higher, if it's hotter density is lower.
Question 154-10 : An aircraft flies at flight level 40. elevation of the aerodrome 990 ft and qnh 976 hpa. the tower clears the pilot to fly at 3000 ft qnh..which of the following statements is correct ?
Only a small change of altitude is necessary.
.you are flying at fl 40 with a subscale of 1013 hpa..at 990 ft, qnh is 976 hpa...difference between 1013 and 976 is 37 hpa..37 hpa x 27 ft = 999 ft..while flying at fl40 at 1013hpa setting you are in reality, at 4000 999 = 3001 ft for a 976 hpa subscale setting...the tower clears the pilot to fly at 3000 ft qnh, he has to descend 1 ft to reach 3000 ft at 976 hpa.
Question 154-11 : The mean temperature that may be expected to affect that segment of the route from the coast of se england to geneva at fl 270 is ?
38°c.
Be careful we are looking at the temperature only for the part from the coast of se england to geneva, not from dublin to tunis...over manche, at fl240, temperature is 35°...before geneva, at fl240, temperature is 30°.....over manche, at fl300, temperature is 48°...before geneva, at fl300, temperature is 44°.....average temperature at fl240 = 35° + 30° /2 = 32.5°c...average temperature at fl300 = 48° + 44° /2 = 46°c....average temperature at fl270 = 32.5° + 46° /2 = 39°c.
Question 154-12 : Flight from lisbon lppt to kingston mkjp , considering the route segment between 60°w and 70°w, at fl 390, the forecast mean temperature is. 368 ?
55°c.
. 631.we are only looking for the mean temperature forecast between 60°w and 70°w.
Question 154-13 : What is the average temperature difference from isa at fl 390 between madrid and dhahran.. 370 ?
1°c
The lowest temperature in the icao standard atmosphere isa is 56.5°c..average temperature between madrid and dhahran is around 57°c. this is about 1°c colder.
Question 154-14 : The diurnal variation in temperature is largest when ?
The sky is clear and the wind is weak
Question 154-15 : Which of the following statements concerning the tropopause is correct ?
The temperature lapse rate changes abruptly at the tropopause.
. 633.at the tropopause the temperature remains constant until 25 km then it increases..the lapse rate changes abruptly at the tropopause.
Question 154-16 : An aircraft is flying through the alps on a very cold winter's day. the regional qnh is 1013 hpa..during the flight, you circle around a mountain at an altitude of its summit..what reading will the aneroid altimeter give, compared to the elevation of the summit ?
A higher altitude than the elevation of the summit.
.on a very cold winter's day means an outside temperature well below isa temperature. if the summit is at 10000 ft, you will normally read an altitude of 10000 ft in standard atmosphere..since outside temperature is well below isa temperature, the air mass is contracted, your altimeter will read a higher altitude than the elevation of the summit.
Question 154-17 : An aircraft is flying through the alps on a warm summer's day. the weather is fine, and there is a high pressure system in the area..during the flight, a mountain is passed at an altitude of its summit..what reading will the aneroid altimeter give, compared to the summit's elevation ?
A lower altitude than the elevation of the summit.
.if the summit's elevation is 10000 ft, and the aircraft is at a real height of 10000 ft, with high temperature, the altimeter under read the aircraft's altitude, and it reads a lower altitude than the elevation of the summit..if now you fly at an indicated altitude of 10000 ft, you will pass largely over the summit's elevation...if you fly imc, and having to pass over this summit with a 1000 ft margin, in cold days, you must be at a higher indicated altitude than 11000 ft, to be 'in reality' at or above 11000 ft.
Question 154-18 : What is the approximate vertical interval which is equal to a pressure change of 1 hpa at sea level ?
8 m 27 ft.
Cqb15 july 2011.
Question 154-19 : On a route segment from a to b the highest terrain elevation is approximately 200 feet. for an instrument flight the minimum obstacle clearance is 1000 feet. the subscale of the altimeter is set to the local qnh of 1013 hpa and the temperature on the ground is 5°c assume a standard temperature lapse ?
1300 feet.
.we actually need to fly at 1000 + 200 = 1200 ft...temperature at 200 ft or 0 ft, it's not a big deal is 5°c..temperature is colder than isa, our altimeter must read an altitude higher than 1200 ft to be sure not to be lower than 1200 ft.....isa temperature at 1000 ft is 13°c. today, it is 7°c we 'lose' 2° per 1000 ft..difference between isa is 20°c..altitude/height changes by 4% for each 10°c temperature deviation from isa..temperature correction = 4 x 1.2 x 20 temperature correction = 96 ft...our altimeter must read at least 1296 ft, and we will really fly over the mountain at 1200 ft..answer 1300 ft is our minimum acceptable altimeter indication.
Question 154-20 : An aircraft is flying from point a to point b at the flight level corresponding to the pressure surface of the constant pressure chart..which of the following statements is correct. 376 ?
Wind speed over b is higher than over a.
.if you stand with your back to the wind, in the northern hemisphere, low pressure is on your left buys ballot's law...with a wind coming from the west direction, and you stand with your back to it, low pressure is on your left... 542..on the annex, a is on a higher contour line than b, true altitude will be higher at a and over london than at b..isobars are tighter at b than a, so wind speed over b is higher than over a.
Question 154-21 : Which of the following constant pressure charts would be most relevant for planning a flight at fl 430 ?
150 hpa.
There is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below, write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you..1013 hpa = msl..850 hpa = fl50..700 hpa = fl100..500 hpa = fl180..300 hpa = fl300..200 hpa = fl390....any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out...the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere, as you go up and air pressure decreases, the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft, at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa.
Question 154-22 : By volume, which of the following elements makes up the largest part of the atmosphere ?
Nitro
Question 154-23 : Which fl corresponds with the 400 hpa pressure level ?
Fl 240.
Question 154-24 : By volume, what percentage of the air in the lower troposphere consists of water vapour ?
0 5%.
.water vapour varies by volume in the lower troposphere from a trace to about 5%. therefore, on average, only about 2 to 3% of the molecules in the air are water vapour molecules. the amount of water vapour in the air is small in extremely arid areas and in location where the temperatures are very low i.e. polar regions, very cold weather. the volume of water vapour is about 5% in very warm and humid tropical air.
Question 154-25 : Consider a parcel of air being forced upwards in the atmosphere. the lapse rate of the surrounding air is less than the saturated adiabatic lapse rate. after the initial force is no longer effective, the parcel of air ?
Will tend to descend to its original altitude.
This is clearly the description of stability..if a parcel of air is forced to rise, it will be colder than the air it is rising into, so the moment the trigger stops lifting it, it will sink back to the level it started from, because it is more dense. the layer is stable.
Question 154-26 : What kind of turbulence is dependent on the sun's radiation and therefore follows a pronounced diurnal pattern ?
Convective turbulence.
Question 154-27 : What is meant by qfe ?
The atmospheric pressure at the official aerodrome elevation.
Qfe = q code used by pilots and atc that refers to atmospheric pressure and altimeter settings f field e elevation.
Question 154-28 : When the subscale of a pressure altimeter is set to the qfe of the destination airfield it will indicate ?
Zero at landing roll out.
Question 154-29 : If the subscale of an altimeter is set to qnh, what will it indicate after landing ?
Aerodrome elevation.
Question 154-30 : The mean height of the tropical tropopause is ?
44000 ft.
Ecqb01 2013...the tropopause is at the top of the troposphere. it marks the boundary between the troposphere and the next atmospheric layer, the stratosphere. the tropopause is defined as being that part of the atmosphere where temperature no longer decreases with height..the average height of the tropopause is at about 11 km 8 km over the poles, 11 km at mid latitudes, 16 km over the equator..above tropical regions 15° 30° n and s the mean height of the tropical tropopause is 44000 ft 13.5 km.
Question 154-31 : An aircraft is flying from point a to point b at the flight level corresponding to the pressure surface of the constant pressure chart. which of the following statements is correct.. 387 ?
Wind speed over b is higher than over paris.
Ecqb01 2013
Question 154-32 : A temperature inversion indicates a state of the atmosphere which is ?
Absolutely stable.
Question 154-33 : Which fl corresponds with the 150 hpa pressure level ?
Fl 450.
.there is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below, write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you..1013 hpa = msl.850 hpa = fl50.700 hpa = fl100.500 hpa = fl180.300 hpa = fl300.200 hpa = fl390.150 hpa = fl450..any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out...the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere, as you go up and air pressure decreases, the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft, at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa.
Question 154-34 : In the icao standard atmosphere, which of the following alternatives indicates the correct vertical temperature distribution in the lowest 11 km ?
15°c at mean sea level, decreasing at 0,65°c per 100 metres.
Ecqb01 june 2013
Question 154-35 : An aircraft is flying from point a to point b at the flight level corresponding to the pressure surface of the constant pressure chart. which of the following statements is correct.. 390 ?
Wind speed over a is higher than over b.
Revised ecqb03 july 2016....isobars are tighter at a than b, so wind speed over a is higher than over b.
Question 154-36 : Which constant pressure chart is standard for fl 450 ?
150 hpa.
Easa 2014...there is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below, write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you..1013 hpa = msl..850 hpa = fl50..700 hpa = fl100..500 hpa = fl180..300 hpa = fl300..200 hpa = fl390..150 hpa = fl450....any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out...the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere, as you go up and air pressure decreases, the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft, at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa.
Question 154-37 : What is meant by the term 'altitude' ?
The vertical distance of a level or a point measured from mean sea level.
Easa 2014
Question 154-38 : Which fl corresponds with the 250 hpa pressure level ?
Fl 340.
Easa 2014...there is a few questions in the exam that take information directly from that table below, write these down on a sticky and have them on the wall beside you..1013 hpa = msl..850 hpa = fl50..700 hpa = fl100..500 hpa = fl180..300 hpa = fl300..200 hpa = fl390..150 hpa = fl450....any others you can interpolate between these and figure it out...the decrease of 1hpa/27ft is only applicable at the lower levels of the troposphere, as you go up and air pressure decreases, the change of height per 1 hpa increases at msl 1hpa/27ft, at fl180 it's 50ft/hpa and at fl390 it's 105ft/hpa.
Question 154-39 : An aircraft flies at flight level 40. elevation of the aerodrome 990 ft, qnh 976 hpa..the tower clears the pilot to fly at 3000 ft qnh..which of the following statements is correct ?
Only a small change of altitude is necessary.
Easa 2014....aerodrome elevation is a irrelevant..the aircraft is at fl 40 referenced to 1013 hpa , now it must fly at 3000 ft referenced to qnh of 976 hpa..the difference is 37 hpa which at 27 ft per hpa = 999 ft..so only a 1 ft change is needed here.
Question 154-40 : A surface based inversion is a characteristic of ?
Nocturnal radiation during clear nights.
Ecqb03 july 2016....air close to the surface is cooled significantly but the air above it isn't and the surface temperature falls below the temperature of the air above.
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