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Question 170-1 : What change in the height of the cloud base will be observed when flying in vmc from the cold air side towards a warm front ? [ Practice protocol ]

The cloud base descends gradually.

Ecqb03 july 2016 exemple 270 The cloud base descends gradually.

Question 170-2 : What is the average width of the precipitation zone of a cold front ?

50 100 km

Ecqb03 july 2016 exemple 274 50 - 100 km

Question 170-3 : Which part of a frontal system corresponds to the following description.wind nw, gusty.clouds cumulus, cumulonimbus.precipitation showers, occasional thunderstorms.visibility very good apart from precipitation areas ?

Weather behind the cold front.

Ecqb03 july 2016 exemple 278 Weather behind the cold front.

Question 170-4 : During summer in the centre of a warm anticyclone over land, what are cloudiness and visibility like ?

The sky is clear or with few clouds, visibility is moderate to poor.

Ecqb03 july 2016 exemple 282 The sky is clear or with few clouds, visibility is moderate to poor.

Question 170-5 : The first clouds are thin, wispy cirrus, followed by sheets of cirrus and cirrostratus, and altostratus. the sun is obscured as the altostratus thickens and rain begins to fall. the cloud base is lowering as nimbostratus arrives. these phenomena describe the approach of a ?

Warm front.

Revised ecqb03 july 2016 exemple 286 Warm front.

Question 170-6 : What average geographical latitude is assumed for the zone of the travelling frontal depressions ?

60°n.

Ecqb03, august 2016...an area of low pressure found together with a surface front is a 'frontal depression'..frontal depressions are mid latitude weather systems formed due to differences in temperature and pressure of adjacent or converging air masses. those frontal depression born on the front between polar and temperate air masses, create a warm front where the warmer air rises over the colder one, then trail a cold front behind it. exemple 290 60°n.

Question 170-7 : Which meteorological system causes a general collapse of the flight levels and makes dangerous the overflight of mountains ?

A cold air pool cold low.

exemple 294 A cold air pool (cold low).

Question 170-8 : Which thunderstorms generally develop in the afternoon in summer over land in moderate latitudes ?

Airmass thunderstorms.

exemple 298 Airmass thunderstorms.

Question 170-9 : Strong airmass thunderstorms most often occur during summertime in central europe with the arrival of ?

Maritime tropical air.

exemple 302 Maritime tropical air.

Question 170-10 : Refer to the chart, correct statement is. 412 ?

The front, north of frankfurt, is moving north east at about 5 kt.

exemple 306 The front, north of frankfurt, is moving north-east at about 5 kt.

Question 170-11 : What are the meteorological prerequisites, at low level, for thunderstorms formed by lifting processes, over land ?

High temperatures, high humidity.

exemple 310 High temperatures, high humidity.

Question 170-12 : The air mass affecting position 'p' is most likely to be. 418 ?

Polar continental.

. 623.the wind in northern hemisphere leaves the low pressures on its left. from that we deduce a northeasterly wind..hence a continental polar air mass. exemple 314 Polar continental.

Question 170-13 : Refer to annex 050 10872a..by the time the front 'z' has passed point 'q', the surface wind will have.. 421 ?

Veered and increased.

Ecqb04, january 2018 exemple 318 Veered and increased.

Question 170-14 : At what time of the year, are the paths of north atlantic lows moving from west to east generally at their most southerly position ?

Winter.

.in the winter the north atlantic lows moving from west to east are in their most southerly position having moved from florida to sw england. exemple 322 Winter.

Question 170-15 : An aircraft is flying in the southern hemisphere at low altitude less than 2000 feet and going directly away from a centre of low pressure. what direction, relative to the aircraft, does the wind come from ?

From the left and slightly on the nose.

. 497.the wind in southern hemisphere rotates clockwise around a low. at 2000 ft, surface friction will cause the wind to veer and blow across the isobars. if you go directly away from the centre, the wind comes from the left and slightly on the nose. exemple 326 From the left and slightly on the nose.

Question 170-16 : Which weather condition lowers true altitude as compared to pressure altitude to a position where flight over mountains could be dangerous ?

Cold low.

.when the qnh is lower than 1013.25 hpa, altitude is lower than pressure altitude based on the 1013.25 hpa datum...when the ambient temperature is less than isa, the aircraft's true altitude is lower than the indicated altitude...the aircraft could be dangerously lower than its pressure altitude flight level in a cold depression. exemple 330 Cold low.

Question 170-17 : In the southern hemisphere what wind effect would you expect when flying from a high pressure area towards a low pressure area at fl 100 ?

Wind from the right.

.flying from a high pressure area towards a low pressure area, at fl100. 504.wind comes from the right. exemple 334 Wind from the right.

Question 170-18 : How do you recognize a cold air pool ?

As a low pressure area aloft e.g. on the 500 hpa chart.

.a cold pool is a meteorologic term for a cold air block..the cold air pool synoptic situation can be identified in the synoptic charts because they show a low pressure area in the 500 hpa chart, which is not obvious in the surface chart, indicating a concentration of cold air. exemple 338 As a low pressure area aloft (e.g. on the 500 hpa chart).

Question 170-19 : What type of air movement is associated with the centre line of a trough ?

Convergence with lifting.

.a pressure system in which the isobars around a low pressure become elongated such that the pressure is lower along the axes of the trough than on its two sides. sometimes, the isobars at a trough have a pronounced v shape. active weather fronts always lie in troughs, but not all troughs are frontal.. 594.the air in the centre of a low pressure centre, trough or heat trough is lifted by convergence and widespread ascent, as is the air in the intertropical convergence zone. exemple 342 Convergence with lifting.

Question 170-20 : What is the correct term for the descending air flow in a large high pressure area ?

Subsidence.

exemple 346 Subsidence.

Question 170-21 : What surface weather is associated with a stationary high pressure region over land in the winter ?

A tendency for fog and low st.

.high pressure is associated with stable, sinking air. without convective or frontal lifting there will be little or no cloud and precipitation..any cloud formation in winter will be stratus rather than cumulus and the precipitation will be drizzle or granular snow rather than rain or snow. exemple 350 A tendency for fog and low st.

Question 170-22 : Where is the most dangerous zone in a tropical revolving storm ?

In the wall of clouds around the eye.

exemple 354 In the wall of clouds around the eye.

Question 170-23 : In the month of august you prepare a flight cruising level fl 370 from bombay 19°n 73°e to bangkok 13°n 100°e. what wind conditions can you expect ?

Headwinds.

. 535.you will face the tropical easterly jet at fl370. exemple 358 Headwinds.

Question 170-24 : Tropical revolving storms do not occur in the southeast pacific and the south atlantic mainly because ?

Of the low water temperature.

.by elimination.there is no coriolis force at the equator only. the coriolis force varies with latitudes. 566.in the southeast pacific, the wind comes from nw the 'westerlies' . 596.se trade winds cross over into the northern hemisphere only between dakar and indian ocean up to the philippines . 2537.in the end, tropical revolving storms do not occur in the southeast pacific and the south atlantic mainly because of the low water temperature. exemple 362 Of the low water temperature.

Question 170-25 : What is the main energy source of a tropical revolving storm ?

Latent heat released from condensing water vapour.

exemple 366 Latent heat released from condensing water vapour.

Question 170-26 : During july flights from bangkok 13°n 100°e to karachi 25°n 67°e experience an average tailwind component of 22 kt. in january the same flights, also operating at fl 370, have an average headwind of 50 kt..what is the reason for this difference ?

The wind components correspond to the seasonal change of the regional wind system.

.in july, the tropical easterly jet at fl370 will push you sw monsoon , from bangkok to karachi. in january, you will face the subtropical jet. during the winter months in the northern hemisphere , the polar front pushes farther southward, because of the greater density of the polar air, than during the summer months. exemple 370 The wind components correspond to the seasonal change of the regional wind system.

Question 170-27 : Which typical weather condition is shown by the design for the area of central europe . 315 ?

Westerly waves.

.a series of fronts or depressions, one after the other, is referred to as a westerly wave over central euopre..these systems move in the direction of the first two isobars in the warm sector which tend to be straight and parallel. when the cold and warm fronts begin to occlude, the direction of movement is increasingly towards the pole. exemple 374 Westerly waves.

Question 170-28 : Which typical weather condition is shown by the design for northern italy. 316 ?

High pressure.

.as we can see, an anticyclone is located over italy. exemple 378 High pressure.

Question 170-29 : The attached chart shows the weather conditions on the ground at 1200 utc on october 10. which of the following reports reflects weather development at zurich airport. 317 ?

Taf lszh 101500z 1016/1101 vrb02kt 8000 nsc becmg 1016/1018 3500 mifg becmg 1018/1020 1500 bcfg becmg 1020/1022 0100 fg vv001=

.we have a large flat pressure pattern an area with light or no wind , zurich has therefore the lowest probability of precipitation..radiation fog will occur at night..radiation fog is formed by the cooling of land after sunset by thermal radiation in calm conditions with clear sky...no change in wind condition is expected for the next hours since the isohypses are well spaced. exemple 382 Taf lszh 101500z 1016/1101 vrb02kt 8000 nsc becmg 1016/1018 3500 mifg becmg 1018/1020 1500 bcfg becmg 1020/1022 0100 fg vv001=

Question 170-30 : You are flying from east to west in the northern hemisphere at the 500 hpa pressure surface. which of the following statements is correct ?

If the wind is from the north you are gaining altitude.

.if you stand with your back to the wind, in the northern hemisphere, low pressure is on your left buys ballot's law.. 562.you are flying toward a high, you are gaining altitude. exemple 386 If the wind is from the north you are gaining altitude.

Question 170-31 : Divergence in the upper air results, near the surface, in ?

Falling pressure and likely formation of clouds.

. 563.divergence in the upper air means convergence on the ground. this a low pressure area, and clouds may appears above it. exemple 390 Falling pressure and likely formation of clouds.

Question 170-32 : In a low pressure system the convergence at the surface is caused by ?

Frictional forces.

. 498.at the surface and at low elevations, friction will slow the air, and hence the coriolis will be less effective in its deflection of the wind..the flow turns across the isobars, you have more flow into the low pressure system, giving convergence and feeding the convection. exemple 394 Frictional forces.

Question 170-33 : If the pressure surfaces bulge upwards in all levels then the pressure system is a ?

Warm high.

.if isobars bulge up in all level, you have a high pressure at the surface and high temperatures in the air. exemple 398 Warm high.

Question 170-34 : A cold air pool ?

Is usually most evident in the circulation and temperature fields of the middle troposphere and may show little or no sign on a surface chart

exemple 402 Is usually most evident in the circulation and temperature fields of the middle troposphere and may show little or no sign on a surface chart

Question 170-35 : The stable layer at some height in the low troposphere of an older high pressure area in the mid latitudes is called ?

Subsidence inversion.

.as the upper air sinks older high pressure subsides , it warms. 570.this can lead to warmer air in the mid troposphere than at the surface, this phenomenon is called subsidence inversion. exemple 406 Subsidence inversion.

Question 170-36 : A blocking anticyclone in the northern hemisphere is ?

A warm anticyclone, quasi stationary, situated between 50°n and 70°n.

.the blocking anticyclones in the northern hemisphere are over the oceans. these are parts of the belt of sub tropical high pressure formed over relatively warm ocean surfaces..they block the path of atlantic depressions. exemple 410 A warm anticyclone, quasi stationary, situated between 50°n and 70°n.

Question 170-37 : Which statement is true for hurricanes in the north atlantic ?

From the earth's surface up to the tropopause the core is warmer than its surroundings.

exemple 414 From the earth's surface up to the tropopause the core is warmer than its surroundings.

Question 170-38 : Assume that an aircraft is flying in the northern hemisphere at the 500 hpa pressure surface on a heading of 270 degrees..which of the following statements is correct ?

If in this pressure surface the wind comes from the direction 360 degrees, then true altitude is increasing.

.if you stand with your back to the wind, in the northern hemisphere, low pressure is on your left...with a wind coming from the direction 360 degrees, and you stand with your back to it, low pressure is on the east...on a heading of 270 degrees, we are flying towards high pressure, thus true altitude is increasing. exemple 418 If in this pressure surface the wind comes from the direction 360 degrees, then true altitude is increasing.

Question 170-39 : An aircraft is flying at fl 180 in the northern hemisphere with a crosswind from the left. which of the following is correct concerning its true altitude ?

It decreases.

.if you stand with your back to the wind, in the northern hemisphere, low pressure is on your left buys ballot's law.. 573.with a crosswind to the left must mean you are heading into an area with a lower temperature, our true altitude decreases. exemple 422 It decreases.

Question 170-40 : Which of the following is true concerning an aircraft that is flying at fl180 in the northern hemisphere, where wind is geostrophic and the true altitude remains constant ?

There is no cross wind.

.we have a geostrophic wind when the pressure gradient force pgf is exactly balanced by coriolis force. 582.it is only happens when isobars are straights and parallels..if there is no change in your true altitude you are flying along the isobars, so you will have a headwind or a tailwind but no crosswind. exemple 426 There is no cross wind.


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