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Question 179-1 : Which of the aeronautical chart symbols indicates a basic non specified navigation aid . 2513 ? [ Practice protocol ]

1

Admin . 2512 exemple 279 1.

Question 179-2 : Which of the aeronautical chart symbols indicates a tacan . 2513 ?

6

Admin . 2512 exemple 283 6

Question 179-3 : Which of the aeronautical chart symbols indicates a vortac . 2513 ?

7

Admin . 2512 exemple 287 7.

Question 179-4 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a flight information region fir boundary . 2509 ?

1

Admin . 2510 exemple 291 1

Question 179-5 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a control zone boundary . 2509 ?

2

Admin . 2510 exemple 295 2.

Question 179-6 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates an uncontrolled route . 2509 ?

4

Admin . 2510 exemple 299 4

Question 179-7 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates the boundary of advisory airspace . 2509 ?

5

Admin . 2510 exemple 303 5

Question 179-8 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a non compulsory reporting point . 2509 ?

6

Admin . 2510 exemple 307 6.

Question 179-9 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a compulsory reporting point . 2509 ?

7

Admin . 2510 exemple 311 7.

Question 179-10 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a waypoint . 2509 ?

8

Admin . 2510 exemple 315 8.

Question 179-11 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates an unlighted obstacle . 2509 ?

9

Admin . 2512 exemple 319 9.

Question 179-12 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a lighted obstacle . 2509 ?

10

Admin . 2512 exemple 323 10.

Question 179-13 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a group of unlighted obstacles . 2509 ?

11

Admin . 2512 exemple 327 11.

Question 179-14 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a group of lighted obstacles . 2509 ?

12

Admin . 2512 exemple 331 12.

Question 179-15 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates an exceptionally high unlighted obstacle . 2509 ?

13

Admin . 2512 exemple 335 13.

Question 179-16 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates an exceptionally high lighted obstacle . 2509 ?

14

Admin . 2512 exemple 339 14.

Question 179-17 : What is the meaning of aeronautical chart symbol n°15 . 2509 ?

Aeronautical ground light

Admin . 2512 exemple 343 Aeronautical ground light.

Question 179-18 : What is the meaning of aeronautical chart symbol no 16 . 2509 ?

Lightship

Admin . 2512 exemple 347 Lightship.

Question 179-19 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates an aeronautical ground light . 2509 ?

15

Admin . 2512 exemple 351 15.

Question 179-20 : Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a lightship . 2509 ?

16

Admin . 2512 exemple 355 16.

Question 179-21 : Given .a polar stereographic chart of the northern hemisphere whose grid is aligned with the zero meridian .grid track 344° longitude 115°00'w calculate the true course ?

229°

Admin .let's assume the airplane is at latitude 70°n . 2059.true course = 344° 115° = 229° . ninorr .just remember simple quote . grid track = true track + west longitude or east longitude .so in this case 344 = x + 115.x = 344 115.x = 229 exemple 359 229°.

Question 179-22 : A straight line is drawn on a lamberts conformal conic chart between two positions of different longitude .the angular difference between the initial true track and the final true track of the line is equal to ?

Chart convergency

Admin .chart convergency means the rate at which meridians drawn on a chart are converging . 2060.if you drawn a line between two positions of different longitude the angular difference between the initial true track and the final true track is equal to chart convergency exemple 363 Chart convergency.

Question 179-23 : If the chart scale is 1 500 000 what earth distance would be represented by 7 cm on the chart ?

35 000 m

.7 cm x 500 000 cm = 3 500 000 cm = 35 000 m or 35 km exemple 367 35 000 m.

Question 179-24 : What is the constant of the cone for a lambert conic projection whose standard parallels are at 50°n and 70°n ?

0 866

Constant of cone convergency factor the ratio between the top angle of the unfolded cone and 360° or sine of the parallel of origin .the parallel of origin is about half way between the standard parallels .midway between 50°n and 70°n is 60°n .sin of 60° = 0 866 exemple 371 0.866

Question 179-25 : On a direct mercator projection a particular chart length is measured at 30°n what earth distance will the same chart length be if measured at 60°n ?

A smaller distance

Admin . 1753. direct mercator chart .earth distance along a parallel of latitude is known as 'departure' .earth distance between two meridians along a parallel of latitude departure = difference of longitude x 60 nm x cos latitude .cos 30 = 0 866.cos 60 = 0 5.if for example the length on the chart is 5° of longitude and measures 10 cm long the distance on earth at 30°n is .distance = 5° x 60 nm x 0 866 = 260 nm .at 60°n and since the direct mercator chart is of rectangular shape 10 cm = 5° of longitude also .distance = 5° x 60 nm x 0 5 = 150 nm exemple 375 A smaller distance.

Question 179-26 : How does the scale vary in a direct mercator chart the scale ?

Increases with increasing distance from the equator

Admin . 1753.on earth 1° of longitude = 60 nm at the equator.at 45°n or s 1° of longitude = 60 nm x cos45° = 42 5 nm.if you look at a direct mercator chart the scale between each degrees of longitude remains unchanged even if you are at 30°n 45°n or 60°n the scale increases with the secant of latitude exemple 379 Increases with increasing distance from the equator.

Question 179-27 : How does the chart convergency change with latitude in a lambert conformal projection ?

It is constant and does not change with latitude

Admin . 2052.meridians are converging at a constant rate regardless of latitude exemple 383 It is constant and does not change with latitude.

Question 179-28 : How does the convergency of any two meridians on the earth change with varying latitude ?

It changes as sine of latitude

exemple 387 It changes as sine of latitude.

Question 179-29 : Grid heading is 299° grid convergency is 55° west and magnetic variation is 90° west what is the corresponding magnetic heading ?

084°

.'convergence east true track least' or 'convergence west true track best' .grid convergency is 55° west .299° + 55° = 354° true track .'variation east magnetic least' or 'variation west magnetic best' .magnetic variation is 90° west .354° + 90° 084° magnetic heading exemple 391 084°.

Question 179-30 : Where on a direct mercator projection is the chart convergency correct compared to the earth convergency ?

At the equator

Admin .a cylindrical projection based on the equator is a direct mercator projection . 2044.chart convergency = earth convergency at the equator .convergency is the angle of inclination between two selected meridians measured at a given latitude and is equal to the difference between the great circle directions measured at each meridian exemple 395 At the equator.

Question 179-31 : A route a to b is drawn on a polar stereographic chart with the grid aligned with the greenwich meridian the true track of the straight line at a is 060° when passing the meridian 100°e the true track is 090° .the grid track of this route on the chart is ?

350° g

.the easiest way to solve this exercice is to draw the situation . 2033 exemple 399 350°(g).

Question 179-32 : The standard parallels of a lambert chart are 26°n and 48°n and the stated scale is 1 2 500 000 .which statement is correct ?

The scale at 28°n is smaller than the scale at 24°n

.at 26°n and 48°n the stated scale is correct 1 cm = 2 500 000 cm .on a lambert chart the scale contracts between the standard parallels and expands outside so the scale at 28°n is smaller than the scale at 24°n exemple 403 The scale at 28°n is smaller than the scale at 24°n.

Question 179-33 : Which statement is correct about the scale of a polar stereographic projection of the northern polar area ?

The scale reaches its minimum value at the north pole

Admin .on a polar stereographic chart meridians are straight lines originating from the pole parallels of latitude are arcs of circles centred at the pole .the scale is correct at the pole elsewhere it expands as sec² 1/2 co latitude within 1% from latitudes 90° to 78° within 3% from latitudes 78° to 70° exemple 407 The scale reaches its minimum value at the north pole.

Question 179-34 : Which statement is correct about the scale of a lambert projection ?

The scale reaches its minimum value at the parallel of origin

Admin .the lambert conformal projection is what most of today's aeronautical charts are based on . 1776.on a lamberts chart scale is correct at the standard parallels as this is where the paper touches the reduced earth and since the surface of the reduced earth is bulging out from the paper between the standard parallels it will have to be squashed in order to fit onto the paper this will then lead to a smaller scale for the area between the standard parallels exemple 411 The scale reaches its minimum value at the parallel of origin.

Question 179-35 : A route is flown from 80°s 100°w to 80°s 140°e at 180°e/w the grid track gt and true track tt on a polar stereographic chart whose grid is aligned with the greenwich meridian are respectively ?

110° g and 290° t

.draw the situation . /com en/com061 598 jpg.those questions are not looking your calculation skill but your facility to visualize a situation exemple 415 110°(g) and 290°(t).

Question 179-36 : A route is flown from 85°s 100°e to 85°s 140°w at 180°e/w the grid track gt and true track tt on a polar stereographic chart whose grid is aligned with the greenwich meridian are respectively ?

250° g and 070° t

.draw the situation . /com en/com061 599 jpg.those questions are not looking your calculation skill but your facility to visualize a situation exemple 419 250°(g) and 070°(t).

Question 179-37 : The positions a 30°00'n 017°30'e and b at longitude 30°00'n 023°30'e are plotted on a lambert chart with a constant of the cone of 0 5 .a and b are connected by a straight line .the true track measured at a is 088 5° .what is the true track measured at b ?

091 5°

.draw the situtation . /com en/com061 601 jpg.if we were on a mercator chart we would have a curve blue line for the great circle track and a straight line for the rhumb line in northern hemisphere our arrival track at b will be more than our departure track at a .simply calculate convergency = 6° x 0 5 = 3°.true track at b = 88 5° + 3° = 91 5° exemple 423 091.5°

Question 179-38 : A route is flown from 85°s 100°e to 85°s 140°w at 160°e the grid track gt and true track tt on a polar stereographic chart with a grid orientated on the 180° meridian are respectively ?

070° g and 090° t

. /com en/com061 604 jpg. exemple 427 070°(g) and 090°(t).

Question 179-39 : A straight line from a 75°s 120°e to b 75°s 160°e is drawn on a polar stereographic chart when passing the meridian 155°e the true track is ?

075°

. /com en/com061 607a jpg. /com en/com061 607b jpg.drawn the situation the answer becomes simple and clear exemple 431 075°.

Question 179-40 : On a mercator's projection the distance between 17°n 035°e and 17°n 040°e is 5 cm .the scale at 57°n is approximately ?

1 6 052 030

.on a mercator chart meridians of longitude are parallel lines .5 cm distance at 17°n = 5 cm at 57°n..distance on earth between the two points .distance on earth = change of longitude x cos latitude.distance on earth = 5°x 60' x cos57°.distance on earth = 164 nm ..so we can say that 5 cm on the chart = 164 nm on earth..164 nm x 1 852 = 303 728 km.303 728 km x 1000 = 303 728 m.303 728 m x 100 = 30 72 800 cm..30 72 800 cm / 5 cm = 6 074 560.the scale at 57°n is approximately 1 6 074 560 exemple 435 1 : 6 052 030


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