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Question 208-1 : Assuming a five dot display on either side of the ils localiser cockpit display, what is the angular displacement of the aircraft from the localiser centreline when the cdi is deflected 2 dots to the right ? [ Exam pilot ]
1.0° to the left.
.five dot display on either side course deviation indicator cdi. 2586.if the cdi is deflected 2 dots to the right, we have to turn right to correct our path, so we are on the left of the centerline, exactly 1° to the left.
Question 208-2 : An ndb is on a relative bearing of 316° from an aircraft. given.compass heading 270°, deviation 2°w.at aircraft, variation 30°e.at station, variation 28°e.calculate the true bearing of the ndb from the aircraft ?
254°.
. 2587.compass heading deviation west = magnetic heading.270° 2°w = 268°...magnetic heading + variation east = true heading.268° + 30° = 298°...the ndb is on a relative bearing of 316° from the aircraft 360° 316° = 44° left of the nose , the true bearing to the beacon is 298° 44° = 254°.
Question 208-3 : If you are on an ils approach and in case your glide slope indicator shows a deviation of more than half scale deflection downwards ?
You should commence a go around because obstacle clearance is no longer ensured.
Question 208-4 : An aircraft at fl 100 should be able to receive a vor groundstation at 100 ft above msl at an approximate maximum range of ?
135 nm.
.for coverage and range, to calculate the range in nm, official learning objectives formula is.1.23 x square root transmitter height in feet + 1.23 x square root receiver height in feet..1.23 x sqrt100 + 1.23 sqrt10000 = 135.3 nm. sqrt square root.
Question 208-5 : An aeroplane flies over position a which is due north of a vor station sited at position b..the magnetic variation at a is 18°w, and at b is 10°w..what radial from b is the aircraft on ?
010°.
.the aircraft is positioned due north of the vor on a bearing of 000° true..magnetic variation is applied at the vor ground station therefore, in this case a magnetic variation of 010°w is applied..when variation is west this means that at the vor, magnetic north is to the west of true north. 2588.the aircraft is on the 010° radial from the vor.
Question 208-6 : Full deflection on a glide slope indicator indicates that the aircraft is ?
0.7° above or below the correct glide path.
. 2589
Question 208-7 : On what carrier frequency does the inner marker transmit ?
75 mhz.
According to icao annex 10, all marker beacons operate on 75 mhz carrier frequency...modulation frequencies are.outer marker 400 hz.middle marker 1300 hz.inner marker 3000 hz
Question 208-8 : The indicated range from a dme station is ?
Slant range.
.the indicated range from a dme station is slant range. 2590
Question 208-9 : According to icao 8168, what is regarded as the maximum safe deviation below the glide path during ils approach ?
Half scale deflection.
.icao doc 8168.3.3 flight procedures for racetrack and reversal procedures. 3.3.4 descent.the aircraft shall cross the fix or facility and fly outbound on the specified track, descending as necessary to the procedure altitude/height but no lower than the minimum crossing altitude/height associated with that segment. if a further descent is specified after the inbound turn, this descent shall not be started until the aircraft is established on the inbound track. an aircraft is considered established when it is.. a within half full scale deflection for the ils and vor or..b within ±5° of the required bearing for the ndb.
Question 208-10 : On which of the following displays are you able to get a direct read out no calculation is necessary from the pilot of the magnetic bearing from the aircraft to the ndb ?
Moving card adf and rmi.
. 2591.a fixed card is aligned with a heading of 000° and therefore only displays relative bearings..on a rmi, on top of the instrument you can read your actual heading. on a moving card adf, you have to manually align your actual heading with the knob.
Question 208-11 : What according to icao annex 10 is the range of a locator ?
10 25 nm.
Question 208-12 : According to icao annex 10, in which frequency band s does a locator normally transmit ?
Lf/mf.
.vor operating frequencies vhf.localiser vhf.marker beacon vhf..dme operating frequencies uhf.glide slope uhf.gnss/gps uhf.l1 and l2 frequencies used by navstar/gps uhf..ils localiser and glide slope vhf and uhf bands...microwave landing system mls shf.airborne weather radars shf.locator lf/mf.
Question 208-13 : A vor and an ndb are co located. an aircraft equipped with an rmi is flying away from the beacons on a radial of 090° through an area where magnetic variation is changing rapidly..which statement is correct ?
The adf needle moves, the vor needle does not.
.application of magnetic variation is at beacon position for a vor , and at aircraft position for a ndb...only the adf relative bearing will show the change of magnetic variation.
Question 208-14 : Which of these markers has the highest audible frequency ?
Inner.
Question 208-15 : A mls without dme p provides ?
An ils like approach.
Question 208-16 : False beams on the ils glidepath are ?
Only found above the correct glideslope.
Question 208-17 : On an ils approach, the glidepath needle is fully down. how much deflection does this indicate ?
0.7°.
. 2589.full scale deflection on the glidepath needle corresponds to approximately 0.7° from the ils glidepath centre line.
Question 208-18 : The audio modulation of the middle marker is keyed to give ?
Alternating dots and dashes at a rate of 2 dashes per second and 6 dots per second.
Question 208-19 : If you are flying a back course ils, you are flying a ?
Non precision approach on the reciprocal runway of the precision approach runway.
.in a conventional localizer, the signal radiates outwards from the end of the runway, along the extended center line of the runway. usually, a by product of this is a signal that radiates in the reverse direction. some installations take advantage of this 'spurious signal' and use it for an instrument approach.. 2592.localizer signal also 'propagating' in the opposite direction, back down the runway...for information, a non precision approach is an instrument approach and landing which utilises lateral guidance but does not utilise vertical guidance...a precision approach is an approach in which range, azimuth, and glide slope information are provided to the pilot.
Question 208-20 : What is a vdf referenced to ?
Magnetic north at the station.
.vdf stations are capable of measuring the direction of arrival of radio transmissions from aircraft. vdf measures the bearing of the aircraft with reference to true or magnetic north at the station.
Question 208-21 : A locator..1 is a low powered beacon.2 is a high powered beacon.3 has a range of 10 25 nm.4 has a range of 10 400 nm ?
1 and 3.
Question 208-22 : Which of the following alternatives is correct regarding audio and visual signals in the cockpit when passing overhead a middle marker ?
Audio 1300 hz, alternating dots and dashes..visual amber.
Question 208-23 : Concerning the localiser principle of operation in an ils, the needle of the aircraft indicator is centred when the difference in depth of modulation ddm is ?
Null.
Question 208-24 : Concerning the glidepath principle of operation in an ils system, the needle of the indicator is centred when the difference in depth of modulation ddm is ?
Null.
Question 208-25 : An ils receiver ?
Measures the difference in depth of modulation of the two transmitted signals.
Question 208-26 : Mls is primarily being installed at airports where ?
Ils encounters difficulties because of surrounding buildings and/or the terrain or interference from local music stations.
Question 208-27 : The ils marker identified audibly by a series of dots 6 per second is the ?
Inner marker.
Question 208-28 : With regard to the range of ndb's and the accuracy of the bearings they provide can be stated that in general at night ?
The range increases and the accuracy decreases.
Question 208-29 : Which statement is correct with respect to the range of an ndb ?
With propagation over sea the range will be greater than the range with propagation over land.
.ndb signals follow the curvature of the earth, so they can be received at much greater distances at lower altitudes, a major advantage over vor..however, ndb signals are also affected more by atmospheric conditions, mountainous terrain, coastal refraction and electrical storms, particularly at long range.
Question 208-30 : Which statement is correct for homing towards an ndb in an area with constant wind and constant magnetic variation ?
The relative bearing of the ndb should be kept 000°.
.if the pilot is flying directly to the station, the bearing indicator points to 0°.. 2593.relative bearing is the angle formed by the intersection of a line drawn through the centerline of the aircraft and a line drawn from the aircraft to the radio station. this angle is always measured clockwise from the nose of the aircraft and is indicated directly by the pointer on the bearing indicator... pay attention a question looks similar but instead of 'homing', you have 'tracking', and it is different.homing you are following the adf needle direction, you will drift, you constantly change heading to reach the station...tracking you fly at constant course to reach the beacon, you apply a wind correction angle.
Question 208-31 : Which statement is correct for tracking towards an ndb in an area with constant wind and constant magnetic variation ?
The relative bearing of the ndb should be equal in magnitude and sign to the experienced drift angle.
.relative bearing is the direction of the station expressed as an angle measured clockwise from the forward point of the longitudinal axis of an aircraft....in order to fly directly onto the station, you must apply a drift except if it's headwind or tailwind.... /com en/com062 390.jpg.... pay attention the question 389 looks similar but instead of 'tracking', you have 'homing', and it is different.tracking you fly at constant course to reach the beacon, you apply a wind correction angle....homing you are following the adf needle direction, you will drift, you constantly change heading to reach the station.
Question 208-32 : The dme line of position is a circle with radius at ?
The ground distance and centre the dme station.
.dme line of position definition.a position line using dme is a circle with the station at its centre, the distance measured by dme is slant range, however, the circle is at the ground distance and centre the dme station.. 2590
Question 208-33 : The localiser transmits in ?
The vhf band.
.vor operating frequencies vhf.localiser vhf.marker beacon vhf..dme operating frequencies uhf.glide slope uhf.gnss/gps uhf.l1 and l2 frequencies used by navstar/gps uhf..ils localiser and glide slope vhf and uhf bands..microwave landing system mls shf.airborne weather radars shf.locator lf/mf
Question 208-34 : What is the effect of fm broadcast stations that transmit on frequencies just below 108 mhz on the performance of ils ?
These transmissions may interfere with the ils localizer signal which may lead to erroneous localizer deviation indication.
.fm broadcast stations that transmit on frequencies just below 108 mhz may lead to erroneous localizer deviation indication...this factor affecting range and accuracy of the ils localizer signal.
Question 208-35 : What is the function of a fm immune filter ?
To make the ils localizer receiver less susceptible to interference from commercial fm stations radio and television.
Jomargra.why the ils glide path is not affected gs is in the uhf range and tv is also in the uhf..... .fm immunity relates in reality solely to the bottom end of the vhf nav band, and solely to receivers..it all happened when the government sold off the 'guard band' the gap in the frequency allocation between fm broadcasting and aircraft navigation. so the fm broadcasters now come right up to the edge by 108 mhz, but not the tv broadcasters.
Question 208-36 : On the rmi the tip of a vor needle indicates 060°..with the crs set on 055° the indications on the hsi are ?
To, half scale deflection to the right.
. 2594.to avoid risks of confusion, we assume that we are on course to the station, our heading is superposed with the rmi indication. note that the result will be the same whatever your heading is. we are on the radial 240°...half scale deflection to the right vor has 5 dots to either side of center and eah dot represents 2° of deviation. we are on radial 240° and we selected a crs 055° radial 235° , 5° deviation, half scale deflection...for training purpose.luizmonteiro learning vor.
Question 208-37 : To provide a pilot with the position of the aircraft in the absence of radar, atc must have at its disposal at least ?
Two vdf's at different locations, able to take bearings simultaneously on the transmitted frequency.
.vdf is the abbreviation for 'vhf direction finder'. vdf stations are capable of measuring the direction of arrival of radio transmissions from aircraft. vdf measures the bearing of the aircraft with reference to true or magnetic north at the station..with two vdf's at different locations, atc is able to provide the position of the aircraft.
Question 208-38 : Vdf is the abbreviation for ?
Vhf direction finder.
Question 208-39 : The transmission of the glide slope beacon is characterised by a ?
Uhf frequency with a minimum range of 10 nm.
.vor operating frequencies vhf.localiser vhf.marker beacon vhf..dme operating frequencies uhf.glide slope uhf.gnss/gps uhf.l1 and l2 frequencies used by navstar/gps uhf..ils localiser and glide slope vhf and uhf bands...microwave landing system mls shf.airborne weather radars shf.locator lf/mf
Question 208-40 : A locator beacon differs from an ndb with respect to..1 operational use.2 transmission power.3 presentation in the cockpit.4 frequency band..from the above stated differences the following numbers are correct ?
1 and 2.
.according to icao annex 10 a locator is a low powered beacon with a range of 10 to 25 nm. frequency band 190 khz to 1750 khz and presentation in the cockpit are the same. a locator is for airfield or runway approach. ndb is a high powered beacon used for en route and airways navigation range up to 250 nm.
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