When an aircraft is experiencing difficulties triggering of the alert phase is the responsibility of ? Session > helipad
Air traffic control flight information centres.
When an aircraft will pass through the level of another aircraft on the same track the following minimum longitudinal separation shall be provided ?
When an aircraft will pass through level of another aircraft on same track following minimum longitudinal separation shall be provided 5 minutes at time level crossed. Pans atm doc4444
5 4 2 2 longitudinal separation minima based on time
5 4 2 2 2 aircraft climbing or descending
5 4 2 2 2 1 aircraft on same track when an aircraft will pass through level of another aircraft on same track following minimum longitudinal separation shall be provided
a) 15 minutes while vertical separation does not exist (see figures below) or
b) 10 minutes while vertical separation does not exist provided that such separation authorized only where ground based navigation aids or gnss permit frequent determination of position speed or
c) 5 minutes while vertical separation does not exist provided that
1) level change commenced within 10 minutes of time second aircraft has reported over a common point which must be derived from ground based navigation aids or gnss and
2) when issuing clearance through third party communication or cpdlc a restriction shall be added to clearance to ensure that 10 minute condition satisfied
fifteen minute separation between aircraft climbing (or descending) on same track.
When independent parallel approaches are being conducted to parallel runways and vectoring to intercept the ILS localizer course or MLS final approach track the vector shall be such as to enable the ?
When independent parallel approaches are being conducted to parallel runways and vectoring to intercept ils localizer course or mls final approach track vector shall be such as to enable aircraft to be established on ils localizer course At least 2 nm prior to intercepting ils glide path or specified mls elevation angle. dario0690
what the diference in this question who says 2 0 nm in other questions says 3 0 nm?
you must be first established on localizer axis before intercepting descending on ils glide
independent parallel approaches simultaneous approaches to parallel or near parallel instrument runways where radar separation minima between aircraft on adjacent extended runway centre lines are not prescribed
icao doc4444 pans atm
chapter 6 separation in vicinity of aerodromes
6 7 3 2 3 when vectoring to intercept ils localizer course or mls final approach track final vector shall enable aircraft to intercept ils localizer course or mls final approach track at an angle not greater than 30 degrees to provide at least 2 km (1 0 nm) straight level flight prior to ils localizer course or mls final approach track intercept the vector shall also enable aircraft to be established on ils localizer course or mls final approach track in level flight at least 3 7 km (2 0 nm) prior to intercepting ils glide path or specified mls elevation angle
the other question about separation between aircraft here the question
a minimum radar separation shall be provided until aircraft are established inbound on ils localizer course and/or mls final approach track this minimum is when independent parallel approaches are being conducted 3 0 nm. When radar identification of aircraft has been achieved radar controller shall Inform pilot prior to issuing instructions based on use of radar. Icao doc 4444
8 6 2 identification of aircraft
8 6 2 1 establishment of identification
8 6 2 1 1 before providing an ats surveillance service to an aircraft identification shall be established the pilot informed thereafter identification shall be maintained until termination of ats surveillance service. When 'secondary radar' used an aircraft may be identified one of following procedures Observation of compliance with an instruction to operate transponder from 'on' to 'stby' back to 'on'. Icao doc 4444
8 6 2 identification of aircraft
8 6 2 1 establishment of identification
8 6 2 1 1 before providing an ats surveillance service to an aircraft identification shall be established the pilot informed thereafter identification shall be maintained until termination of ats surveillance service. When surveillance radar approaches are to be continued to threshold of runway transmission should not be interrupted intervals of more than five seconds while aircraft within a distance of Observation of compliance with an instruction to operate transponder from 'on' to 'stby' back to 'on'. Approach surveillance radar (sra) an aviation term a type of radar instrument approach provided with active assistance from air traffic control the only airborne radio equipment required radar approaches a functioning radio transmitter receiver the radar controller vectors aircraft to align it with runway centerline the controller continues vectors to keep aircraft on course until pilot can complete approach landing visual reference to surface
icao annex 4444 (air traffic management (pans atm))
chapter 8 ats surveillance services
8 9 7 final approach procedures
8 9 7 1 surveillance radar approach
8 9 7 1 4 when as determined the appropriate ats authority accuracy of radar equipment permits surveillance radar approaches may be continued to threshold of runway or to a prescribed point less than 4 km (2 nm) from touchdown in which case
a) distance level information shall be given at each km (each half nm)
b) transmission should not be interrupted intervals of more than five seconds while aircraft within a distance of 8 km (4 nm) from touchdown
c) controller should not be responsible any duties other than those directly connected with a particular approach. When vectoring an aircraft to intercept localizer course final vector furnished shall be such as to enable aircraft to intercept localizer course at an angle not greater than Observation of compliance with an instruction to operate transponder from 'on' to 'stby' back to 'on'.
pans atm doc 4444
chapter 6 separation in vicinity of aerodromes
6 7 3 2 3 when vectoring to intercept ils localizer course or mls final approach track final vector shall enable aircraft to intercept ils localizer course or mls final approach track at an angle not greater than 30 degrees to provide at least 2 km (1 0 nm) straight level flight prior to ils localizer course or mls final approach track intercept the vector shall also enable aircraft to be established on ils localizer course or mls final approach track in level flight at least 3 7 km (2 0 nm) prior to intercepting ils glide path or specified mls elevation angle. 8 Whenever atis provided preparation and dissemination of atis shall be responsibility of The air traffic services.
pans atm doc 4444
chapter 6 separation in vicinity of aerodromes
6 7 3 2 3 when vectoring to intercept ils localizer course or mls final approach track final vector shall enable aircraft to intercept ils localizer course or mls final approach track at an angle not greater than 30 degrees to provide at least 2 km (1 0 nm) straight level flight prior to ils localizer course or mls final approach track intercept the vector shall also enable aircraft to be established on ils localizer course or mls final approach track in level flight at least 3 7 km (2 0 nm) prior to intercepting ils glide path or specified mls elevation angle. 9 Where a 'secondary surveillance radar' ssr not available radar identification may be achieved one of following procedures To instruct pilot to execute one or more changes of 3 ° or more. pans atm doc 4444
8 6 2 4 psr identification procedures (psr = primary surveillance radar)
8 6 2 4 1 where psr used identification aircraft may be identified one or more of following procedures
d) ascertaining aircraft heading if circumstances require following a period of track observation
instructing pilot to execute one or more changes of heading of 30 degrees or more correlating movements of one particular radar position indication with aircraft's acknowledged execution of instructions given or
correlating movements of a particular radar position indication with manoeuvres currently executed an aircraft having so reported
primary surveillance radar (psr) a surveillance radar system which uses reflected radio signals
secondary surveillance radar (ssr) a surveillance radar system which uses transmitters/receivers (interrogators) transponders. 10 Which action shall be taken an aircraft in traffic pattern of an aerodrome experiencing radio failure to indicate difficulties which compel it to land without requiring immediate assistance The repeated switching on off of landing lights. pans atm doc 4444
8 6 2 4 psr identification procedures (psr = primary surveillance radar)
8 6 2 4 1 where psr used identification aircraft may be identified one or more of following procedures
d) ascertaining aircraft heading if circumstances require following a period of track observation
instructing pilot to execute one or more changes of heading of 30 degrees or more correlating movements of one particular radar position indication with aircraft's acknowledged execution of instructions given or
correlating movements of a particular radar position indication with manoeuvres currently executed an aircraft having so reported
primary surveillance radar (psr) a surveillance radar system which uses reflected radio signals
secondary surveillance radar (ssr) a surveillance radar system which uses transmitters/receivers (interrogators) transponders. 11 Which condition requested so that an aerodrome may be considered controlled The aerodrome shall be provided with a control tower. Icao requirement to be a controlled aerodrome an aerodrome must have a control tower. 12 Which does atc term 'radar contact' signify Your aircraft has been identified on radar display radar flight instructions will be provided until radar identification terminated. Icao requirement to be a controlled aerodrome an aerodrome must have a control tower. 13 Which of following statements regarding alerting service correct Alerting service flight information service may be provided the same ats unit. annex 11 air traffic services definition
alerting service a service provided to notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search rescue aid assist such organizations as required
flight information service a service provided the purpose of giving advice information useful the safe efficient conduct of flights
annex 11 air traffic services
2 2 objectives of air traffic services
the objectives of air traffic services shall be to
a) prevent collisions between aircraft
b) prevent collisions between aircraft on manoeuvring area obstructions on that area
c) expedite maintain an orderly flow of air traffic
d) provide advice information useful the safe efficient conduct of flights
e) notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search rescue aid assist such organizations as required. 14 Which provisions on a vfr flight in class e airspace are correct Service provided traffic information as far as practical atc clearance not required. annex 11 air traffic services definition
alerting service a service provided to notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search rescue aid assist such organizations as required
flight information service a service provided the purpose of giving advice information useful the safe efficient conduct of flights
annex 11 air traffic services
2 2 objectives of air traffic services
the objectives of air traffic services shall be to
a) prevent collisions between aircraft
b) prevent collisions between aircraft on manoeuvring area obstructions on that area
c) expedite maintain an orderly flow of air traffic
d) provide advice information useful the safe efficient conduct of flights
e) notify appropriate organizations regarding aircraft in need of search rescue aid assist such organizations as required. 15 Which statement correct The lower limit of a tma shall be established at a height of at least 7 ft agl. A terminal control area (tma) a control area normally established where airways and/or departure arrival routes meet in vicinity of one or more major aerodromes
annex 11 air traffic services
2 10 3 control areas
2 10 3 1 control areas including inter alia airways terminal control areas shall be delineated so as to encompass sufficient airspace to contain flight paths of those ifr flights or portions thereof to which it desired to provide applicable parts of air traffic control service taking into account capabilities of navigation aids normally used inthat area
note in a control area other than one formed a system of airways a system of routes may be established to facilitate provision of air traffic control
2 10 3 2 a lower limit of a control area shall be established at a height above ground or water of not less than 200 m (700 ft). 16 Which statement regarding approach control service correct If it anticipated that an aircraft has to hold 3 minutes or more an expected approach time will be transmitted the most expeditious means to aircraft. An expected approach time shall be transmitted to aircraft the most expeditious means if it anticipated that aircraft will be subjected to a delay of ten minutes or more or will have to enter holding pattern 30 minutes or more. 17 While on ifr flight a pilot has an emergency which causes a deviation from an atc clearance what action must be taken The appropriate atc unit shall be notified of action taken as soon as circumstances permit. An expected approach time shall be transmitted to aircraft the most expeditious means if it anticipated that aircraft will be subjected to a delay of ten minutes or more or will have to enter holding pattern 30 minutes or more. 18 Communications failure flight proceduresyou are on a flight in accordance with ifr in imc exactly on current flight plan route at 18 36 utc you receive and acknowledge following instruction from radar controller 'turn immediately fly heading 050° until further advise at 18 37 utc you discover a communication failure two way radio communication cannot be established again You have to return to your current flight plan route. You have to maintain last level speed 7 minutes
pans atm doc 4444
15 3 air ground communications failure
15 3 1 action air traffic control units when unable to maintain two way communication with an aircraft operating in a control area or control zone shall be as outlined in paragraphs which follow
15 3 2 as soon as it known that two way communication has failed action shall be taken to as certain whether aircraft able to receive transmissions from air traffic control unit requesting it to execute a specified manoeuvre which can be observed radar or ads b or to transmit if possible a specified signal in order to indicate acknowledgement
15 3 3 if aircraft fails to indicate that it able to receive acknowledge transmissions separation shall be maintained between aircraft having communication failure other aircraft based on assumption that aircraft will
a) if in visual meteorological conditions
1) continue to fly in visual meteorological conditions
2) land at nearest suitable aerodrome and
3) report its arrival the most expeditious means to appropriate air traffic control unit or
b) if in instrument meteorological conditions or when conditions are such that it does not appear likely that pilot will complete flight in accordance with a)
1) unless otherwise prescribed on basis of a regional air navigation agreement in airspace where procedural separation being applied maintain last assigned speed level or minimum flight altitude if higher a period of 20 minutes following aircraft's failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point thereafter adjust level speed in accordance with filed flight plan or
2) in airspace where an ats surveillance system used in provision of air traffic control maintain last assigned speed level or minimum flight altitude if higher a period of 7 minutes following
i) time last assigned level or minimum flight altitude reached or
ii) time transponder set to code 7600 or ads b transmitter set to indicate loss of air ground communications or
iii) aircraft's failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point
whichever later thereafter adjust level speed in accordance with filed flight plan
3) when being vectored or having been directed atc to proceed offset using rnav without a specified limit proceed in most direct manner possible to rejoin current flight plan route no later than next significant point taking into consideration applicable minimum flight altitude
4) proceed according to current flight plan route to appropriate designated navigation aid or fix serving destination aerodrome and when required to ensure compliance with 5) hold over this aid or fix until commencement of descent
5) commence descent from navigation aid or fix specified in 4) at or as close as possible to expected approach time last received acknowledged or if no expected approach time has been received acknowledged at or as close as possible to estimated time of arrival resulting from current flight plan
6) complete a normal instrument approach procedure as specified the designated navigation aid or fix and
7) land if possible within 30 minutes after estimated time of arrival specified in 5) or last acknowledged expected approach time whichever later. 19 You receive an ifr enroute clearance stating 'clearance expires at 0920' what does it mean If not airborne until 92 a new clearance has to be issued. You have to maintain last level speed 7 minutes
pans atm doc 4444
15 3 air ground communications failure
15 3 1 action air traffic control units when unable to maintain two way communication with an aircraft operating in a control area or control zone shall be as outlined in paragraphs which follow
15 3 2 as soon as it known that two way communication has failed action shall be taken to as certain whether aircraft able to receive transmissions from air traffic control unit requesting it to execute a specified manoeuvre which can be observed radar or ads b or to transmit if possible a specified signal in order to indicate acknowledgement
15 3 3 if aircraft fails to indicate that it able to receive acknowledge transmissions separation shall be maintained between aircraft having communication failure other aircraft based on assumption that aircraft will
a) if in visual meteorological conditions
1) continue to fly in visual meteorological conditions
2) land at nearest suitable aerodrome and
3) report its arrival the most expeditious means to appropriate air traffic control unit or
b) if in instrument meteorological conditions or when conditions are such that it does not appear likely that pilot will complete flight in accordance with a)
1) unless otherwise prescribed on basis of a regional air navigation agreement in airspace where procedural separation being applied maintain last assigned speed level or minimum flight altitude if higher a period of 20 minutes following aircraft's failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point thereafter adjust level speed in accordance with filed flight plan or
2) in airspace where an ats surveillance system used in provision of air traffic control maintain last assigned speed level or minimum flight altitude if higher a period of 7 minutes following
i) time last assigned level or minimum flight altitude reached or
ii) time transponder set to code 7600 or ads b transmitter set to indicate loss of air ground communications or
iii) aircraft's failure to report its position over a compulsory reporting point
whichever later thereafter adjust level speed in accordance with filed flight plan
3) when being vectored or having been directed atc to proceed offset using rnav without a specified limit proceed in most direct manner possible to rejoin current flight plan route no later than next significant point taking into consideration applicable minimum flight altitude
4) proceed according to current flight plan route to appropriate designated navigation aid or fix serving destination aerodrome and when required to ensure compliance with 5) hold over this aid or fix until commencement of descent
5) commence descent from navigation aid or fix specified in 4) at or as close as possible to expected approach time last received acknowledged or if no expected approach time has been received acknowledged at or as close as possible to estimated time of arrival resulting from current flight plan
6) complete a normal instrument approach procedure as specified the designated navigation aid or fix and
7) land if possible within 30 minutes after estimated time of arrival specified in 5) or last acknowledged expected approach time whichever later. 20 Air traffic controle serviceair traffic control units issue clearances the purpose of Preventing collision between aircraft under its control expediting maintaining an orderly flow of traffic. Annex 11 (air traffic service)
3 3 operation of air traffic control service
3 3 1 in order to provide air traffic control service an air traffic control unit shall
a) be provided with information on intended movement of each aircraft or variations therefrom with current information on actual progress of each aircraft
b) determine from information received relative positions of known aircraft to each other
c) issue clearances information the purpose of preventing collision between aircraft under its control of expediting maintaining an orderly flow of traffic
d) coordinate clearances as necessary with other units
1) whenever an aircraft might otherwise conflict with traffic operated under control of such other units
2) before transferring control of an aircraft to such other units. Exclusive rights: Content under private and protected license, reproduction prohibited and prosecuted.
