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Question 211-1 : The selection of the dme frequency for a ils/dme installation is as follows ? [ Preparation civilian ]

The dme frequency is paired with the localizer frequency so only the localiser frequency is set.

exemple 311 The dme frequency is paired with the localizer frequency so only the localiser frequency is set.

Question 211-2 : Which statement is true about the use of the doppler effect in a doppler vor ?

The doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft's vor receiver as a frequency modulated signal.

.doppler effect is the phenomena where the frequency of an electromagnetic wave will increase or decrease if there is relative motion between the transmitter and the receiver...the frequency will increase if the transmitter and receiver are converging and will decrease if they are diverging...doppler vor dvor is a second generation vor station emitting signals by means of a combination of fixed antennas utilising the doppler principle. exemple 315 The doppler effect is used to create a signal which is received by the aircraft's vor-receiver as a frequency modulated signal.

Question 211-3 : Mls can minimise multi path errors because ?

The transmission can be interrupted to avoid reflection by stationary objects.

.mls can be installed at airports on which, as a result of the effects of surrounding buildings and/or terrain, ils siting is difficult. in order to minimise multipath errors, the transmission can be interrupted to avoid reflection by stationary objects. exemple 319 The transmission can be interrupted to avoid reflection by stationary objects.

Question 211-4 : The effect of masking the dme antenna of the aircraft from the ground installation is that interruption of reception of dme signals results in ?

The airborne installation switching to the memory mode for about 10 to 15 seconds.

.memory mode.if the responding signals are interrupted whilst the system is in tracking mode a memory circuit is actived. the system holds. the last measured range value, and,. the receiver gate at the last measured time interval..after a short period in 'memory mode' your dme interrogator will revert to search mode. exemple 323 The airborne installation switching to the memory mode for about 10 to 15 seconds.

Question 211-5 : On final on ils approach, at 0.6 nm from the threshold, which marker are you likely to hear ?

The middle marker.

. 2602 exemple 327 The middle marker.

Question 211-6 : Which statement about the interrogation by the dme interrogator is correct ?

The interrogation does not start before pulse pairs of the tuned dme station are received.

.tuning the dme interrogator in the aircraft starts the transmission of pulse pairs in search mode. no information is received by the interrogator at this point..when the pulse pairs are received by the transponder at the ground station, it adjusts the frequency by a pre determined not random + or 63 mhz, which are transmitted back to and received by the interrogator. it is only now that we have a closed loop between the interrogator and the transponder. exemple 331 The interrogation does not start before pulse-pairs of the tuned dme-station are received.

Question 211-7 : Regarding ils which of the following is true ?

All markers transmit at 75 mhz.

.according to icao annex 10, all marker beacons operate on 75 mhz carrier frequency...modulation frequencies are.outer marker 400 hz.middle marker 1300 hz.inner marker 3000 hz exemple 335 All markers transmit at 75 mhz.

Question 211-8 : The frequency of an outer marker om light is 75 mhz. corresponding wavelength is ?

4 m.

.wavelength in m = 300 / f in mhz.wavelength in m = 300 / 75 = 4 m. exemple 339 4 m.

Question 211-9 : The two signals transmitted by a conventional vor ground station are 90° out of phase on magnetic ?

East.

.vor signal has 2 part.reference phase signal and variable phase signal...it is transmitted in such a way that the electrical phase angle between the 2 components differs by the exact number of degrees that the receiving aircraft is away from the 360 degree radial..your vor equipment recognizes the phase difference and uses it to determine its magnetic direction, or course, from the vor...if you are east of the station, the variable phase signal will be.received 90 degrees out of the phase with the reference phase signal, south of the station it will be 180 degrees out of phase. exemple 343 East.

Question 211-10 : The design requirements for dme p since january,2 1989 stipulate that the total system error should not exceed ?

0.2 nm.

.for installations installed after 1 jan 1989 the total system error should not exceed 0.2 nm dme 'p' precise..the error of the dme 'n' narrow according to annex 10 should not exceed + 0.25 nm + 1.25% of the distance measured. exemple 347 0.2 nm.

Question 211-11 : In isa conditions, what flight level must be used when you are 117 nm away from a vor located at 169 ft msl, to receive the vor signals ?

Fl80.

.easa learning objectives specially indicates 1,23 and not 1,25 for calculation, you must calculate the range using the formula.. 1,23 x sqrttransmitter height in feet + 1,23 x sqrtreceiver height in feet..1,23 x sqrt169 + 1,23 sqrtaircraft height = 117 nm..aircraft height = 117 1.23 x sqrt169 /1.23 ² = 6744 ft..you must use fl80, fl65 is too low...sqrt square root. exemple 351 Fl80.

Question 211-12 : Regarding monitoring system of the vor, which statement is correct ?

Failure of the vor station to stay within the required limits can cause the removal of identification and navigation components from the carrier or radiation to cease.

.vor performance is self monitored by the ground station transmitter's monitoring systems..the maximum permissible bearing error of the vor system is 5°, of which the station tolerance is limited to only 1°...if the bearing error should exceed that tolerance the transmitter will cease to transmit the carrier wave and cease transmitting the ident...if a stand by transmitter is installed at the same location, this will come on line, run through a series of power on self tests and resume the operation of the system. exemple 355 Failure of the vor station to stay within the required limits can cause the removal of identification and navigation components from the carrier or radiation to cease.

Question 211-13 : The minimum airborne equipment required for operation of a vdf vhf direction finder is a ?

Vhf transmitter receiver operating in the 118 mhz to 136 mhz range.

exemple 359 Vhf transmitter-receiver operating in the 118 mhz to 136 mhz range.

Question 211-14 : The wavelength of a non directional beacon ndb at a frequency of 300 khz is ?

1000 metres.

.wavelength m = 300 / f mhz..wavelength m = 300000 / f khz..wavelength = 300000 / 300 khz = 1000 m. exemple 363 1000 metres.

Question 211-15 : A dme in tracking mode subsequently experiences a reduction in signal strength will switch the equipment in the first instance to ?

Memory mode.

.memory mode.if the responding signals are interrupted whilst the system is in tracking mode a memory circuit is actived. the system holds. the last measured range value, and,. the receiver gate at the last measured time interval..after a short period in 'memory mode' your dme interrogator will revert to search mode. exemple 367 Memory mode.

Question 211-16 : Dme utilizes pulse pairs instead of single pulses ?

To distinguish the transmissions from transmitters of other radar systems utilizing single pulses.

.paired pulses at a specific spacing are sent out from the aircraft and are received by the ground station..the ground station then transmits the paired pulses back to the aircraft at the same pulse spacing but on a different frequency..the time required for the round trip of this signal exchange is measured in the aircraft dme unit and is translated into distance nm from the aircraft to the ground station...considering that the ground station is replying interrogation from several aircraft at the same time, the dme interrogator need to sort its own pulse pair out from the ground station replies. to achieve that the dme airborne receiver examines the ground station replies looking for a sequence with the same randomly jittered signature. when it finds that, it knows they're replies to its own interrogations...jitter is the randomly varying space between the pulse pairs sent by the interrogator..jitter works as an encoding of the pulse sequence sent by the aircraft, allowing the dme to recognize only the replies corresponding to its own interrogations. exemple 371 To distinguish the transmissions from transmitters of other (radar) systems utilizing single pulses.

Question 211-17 : The indication of from/to indicator of a vor shift from to/from and vice versa when the value difference between selected course and the measured radial passes in either direction ?

090°.

.for training purpose.luizmonteiro learning vor. exemple 375 090°.

Question 211-18 : In the dme tracking mode, interrogator transmits ?

A relatively low number of pulse pairs per second.

.in the search mode, more pulse pairs per second are transmitted than in the tracking mode. exemple 379 A relatively low number of pulse pairs per second.

Question 211-19 : The ils glide path is normally intercepted between... from the runway threshold. ?

3 10 nm.

exemple 383 3-10 nm.

Question 211-20 : What is the best position, in order to minimize false indications from an adf located inland, when flying along the coast ?

Perpendicular to the coast, on a line passing by the station.

. 1684 exemple 387 Perpendicular to the coast, on a line passing by the station.

Question 211-21 : The accuracy of a dme ?

Decreases with increase of range.

exemple 391 Decreases with increase of range.

Question 211-22 : A vot is ?

A test vor.

exemple 395 A test vor.

Question 211-23 : The quoted accuracy of vor is valid ?

At all times.

exemple 399 At all times.

Question 211-24 : When an ndb fails which kind of warning is visible in the cockpit ?

There is no warning.

Ecqb03, august 2016....adf does not have a signal failure warning flag in case of ndb failure. exemple 403 There is no warning.

Question 211-25 : The process by which em energy is taken up by the atmosphere is called ?

Absorption.

Ecqb03, august 2016....absorption of radio wave energy is the way in which the energy is taken up by the ground or atmosphere rain, hail, ionosphere, etc.. the electromagnetic energy em wave is then transformed to other forms of energy for example, into heat. exemple 407 Absorption.

Question 211-26 : The range of a locator beacon is much shorter than that of an ndb because ?

Locator beacons have a lower power output.

Ecqb03, august 2016 exemple 411 Locator beacons have a lower power output.

Question 211-27 : If you are on an ils approach and in case your glide slope indicator shows a deviation of half scale deflection downwards ?

You may keep on flying the approach if the glide is less than half scale deflection.

Ecqb04, november 2017....icao doc 8168.3.3 flight procedures for racetrack and reversal procedures. 3.3.4 descent.the aircraft shall cross the fix or facility and fly outbound on the specified track, descending as necessary to the procedure altitude/height but no lower than the minimum crossing altitude/height associated with that segment. if a further descent is specified after the inbound turn, this descent shall not be started until the aircraft is established on the inbound track. an aircraft is considered established when it is.. a within half full scale deflection for the ils and vor or..b within ±5° of the required bearing for the ndb. exemple 415 You may keep on flying the approach if the glide is less than half scale deflection.

Question 211-28 : During an ils approach, the maximum safe deviation below the glide path indicated on a five dot display cdi is ?

2.5 dots.

exemple 419 2.5 dots.

Question 211-29 : Full scale deflection of the localiser needle indicates that the aircraft is at an offset of approximately ?

2.5° from the runway centreline.

. 2603.the indication on the cockpit instrument is the same as that of a vor, a right, left or centered needle. the procedure for getting on course is also the same, fly toward the needle..full scale deflection of the cdi course deviation indicator needle is approximately 2.5°. movement of the cdi is therefore four times more sensitive. exemple 423 2.5° from the runway centreline.

Question 211-30 : A dme that has difficulty obtaining a 'lock on'. prf = pulse recurrence frequency, pps = pulses per second ?

Stays in search mode but reduces prf to 60 pps after 15000 pulse pairs have been transmitted.

exemple 427 Stays in search mode but reduces prf to 60 pps after 15000 pulse pairs have been transmitted.

Question 211-31 : Each dme has its own three letter code. it is issued in morse on the frequency ?

1350 hz.

.when identifying a dme station co located with a vor station, the identification signal with the higher tone frequency is the dme which idents approximately every 40 seconds 4 times in 30 seconds, 10 seconds broadcast off..in a period of 40 seconds the dme ident will be heard once on an audio frequency of 1350 hz. exemple 431 1350 hz.

Question 211-32 : The maximum numbers of pulse pairs transmitted by a dme ground station is ?

2700 pps.

exemple 435 2700 pps.

Question 211-33 : A dme ground station must be able to process up to 100 aircraft at the same time, including at least ?

95% in tracking mode and 5% in search mode.

exemple 439 95% in tracking mode and 5% in search mode.

Question 211-34 : The outer marker is located at a distance from the runway threshold of ?

6 11 km.

. 2602 exemple 443 6-11 km.

Question 211-35 : The information read on an adf is unreliable ?

At night, because of the weakening of the d layer of the ionosphere.

exemple 447 At night, because of the weakening of the d-layer of the ionosphere.

Question 211-36 : When a dme is associated with an mls, the delay is..1 50 microseconds for mode x.2 50 milliseconds for mode x.3 56 microseconds for mode y.4 56 milliseconds for mode y..the combination regrouping all the correct statements is ?

1 and 3.

Ecqb04, november 2017. exemple 451 1 and 3.

Question 211-37 : In tracking mode, the airborne dme interrogates with a recurrence frequency ?

Variable from 5 to 25 times per second.

exemple 455 Variable from 5 to 25 times per second.

Question 211-38 : A vor station automatically stops transmitting if a variation in the transmitted bearing is greater than ?

1°.

Ecqb04, november 2017. exemple 459 1°.

Question 211-39 : Dvor is less sensitive to site errors than cvor because of the ?

Relatively large antenna of dvor compared to cvor.

Ecqb04, november 2017....sorry, unable to write down all the answers from the paper exam... exemple 463 Relatively large antenna of dvor (compared to cvor).

Question 211-40 : The difference between a cvor and a dvor indicates that dvor is more accurate because ?

It is less sensitive to errors generated by the environment buildings, hills.

exemple 467 It is less sensitive to errors generated by the environment (buildings, hills).


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