Question 23-1 : How many red lights must a pilot see whose aircraft in final approach is following a normal glide path defined by a papi ? [ Support Airworthiness ]

Question 23-2 : Icao annex 14 visual aids for navigation lights displaced threshold when a threshold is displaced what colour shall the lights have in approach direction between the beginning of the runway and the displaced threshold ?

Red.

Displaced thresholds may be used for taxiing takeoff and landing rollout but not for touchdowna displaced threshold often exists because obstacles just before the runway runway strength or noise restrictions may make the beginning section of runway unsuitable for landings it is marked with white paint arrows that lead up to the beginning of the landing portion of the runway example of displaced threshold with red lights between the beginning of the runway and the displaced threshold 775

Question 23-3 : Icao annex 14 visual aids for navigation lights papiwhen is using the papi and the position of the aircraft is far above the approach slope the pilot will see the following lights ?

All the four units are steady white.

Precision approach path indicator papi consists of four sets of lights in a line perpendicular to the runway usually mounted to the left side of the runway these have a similar purpose to basic visual approach slope indicators but the additional lights serve to show the pilot how far off the glide slope the aircraft iswhen the lights show white white red red the aircraft is on the correct glide slope for landing usually 30° three red lights white red red red indicate that the aircraft is slightly below glide slope 28° while four red lights red red red red indicate that the aircraft is significantly below glide slope 35° most large airports utilize this system although most airports use a papi based on a 30° glide slope some airports may use a glide slope as great as 50° in order to have proper obstruction clearance 772

Question 23-4 : Icao annex 14 visual aids for navigation lightsrunway edge lights shall consist of at least ?

Fixed lights showing variable white.

Img774runway edge lights shall be fixed lights showing variable white red for displaced threshold and yellow for the final third of the runway lenght

Question 23-5 : The goal of a transverse strip a white line across the width of the runway is to mark ?

A displaced runway threshold.

Where a runway threshold is displaced from the extremity of a runway permanently or temporarily a transverse strip should be added to the threshold marking 759

Question 23-6 : In a precision approach category i lighting system the centre line and crossbar lights shall be ?

Fixed lights showing variable white.

Icao annex 14 aerodromes volume 1precision approach category i lighting system53414 characteristics the centre line and crossbar lights of a precision approach category i lighting system shall be fixed lights showing variable white each centre line light position shall consist of either a a single light source in the innermost 300 m of the centre line two light sources in the central 300 m of the centre lineand three light sources in the outer 300 m of the centre line to provide distance information orb a barrette 777

Question 23-7 : In a precision approach category i lighting system the single two and three light sources on the centre line have a length of ?

300 m.

Img778the single two and three light sources on the centre line have a length of 300 m

Question 23-8 : In the 'aerodrome reference code' the code element 2 shall identify ?

The aircraft wing span.

Icao annex 14 161 an aerodrome reference code code number and letter which is selected for aerodrome planning purposes shall be determined in accordance with the characteristics of the aeroplane for which an aerodrome facility is intended 162 the aerodrome reference code numbers and letters shall have the meanings assigned to them in table 1 1 163 the code number for element 1 shall be determined from table 1 1 selecting the code number corresponding to the highest value of the aeroplane reference field lengths of the aeroplanes for which the runway is intended164 the code letter for element 2 shall be determined from table 1 1 by selecting the code letter which corresponds to the greatest wingspan of the aeroplanes for which the facility is intended 764

Question 23-9 : In the 'papi' system the pilot during an approach will see the two units nearest the runway as red and the two units farthest from the runway as white when ?

On or close to the approach slope.

Precision approach path indicator papi consists of four sets of lights in a line perpendicular to the runway usually mounted to the left side of the runway these have a similar purpose to basic visual approach slope indicators but the additional lights serve to show the pilot how far off the glide slope the aircraft iswhen the lights show white white red red the aircraft is on the correct glide slope for landing usually 30° three red lights white red red red indicate that the aircraft is slightly below glide slope 28° while four red lights red red red red indicate that the aircraft is significantly below glide slope 35° most large airports utilize this system although most airports use a papi based on a 30° glide slope some airports may use a glide slope as great as 50° in order to have proper obstruction clearance 772

Question 23-10 : Light signals for aerodrome traffica series of red flashes from aerodrome control directed towards an aircraft in flight means ?

Aerodrome unsafe do not land.

Icao annex 2 light signals towards an aircraft in flight 779light signals towards an aircraft on the ground 782

Question 23-11 : Light signals for aerodrome traffica series of red flashes from aerodrome control directed towards an aircraft on ground means ?

Taxi clear of landing area in use.

Icao annex 2 light signals towards an aircraft in flight 779light signals towards an aircraft on the ground 782

Question 23-12 : Light signalsa red flare addressed to an aircraft in flight means ?

Notwithstanding any previous instructions do not land for the time being.

Icao annex 2 light signals towards an aircraft in flight 779light signals towards an aircraft on the ground 782

Question 23-13 : Taxiway edge lights shall be ?

Blue.

Img774

Question 23-14 : Visual aids for denoting obstacleslow intensity obstacle lights on fixed objects shall be ?

Fixed red.

Icao annex 14 aerodromes volume 1 chapter 6 visual aids for denoting obstacles table 6 1 characteristics of obstacle lights

Question 23-15 : Low intensity obstacle lights on mobile objects shall be ?

Flashing red or preferably yellow.

Icao annex 14 aerodromes volume 1 chapter 6 visual aids for denoting obstacleslow intensity obstacle lights on mobile objects shall be flashing lights either red or preferably yellow the flash frequency shall be between 60 and 90 per minute the effective intensity of the flash shall not be less than 40 candelas of red or yellow light table 6 1 characteristics of obstacle lights

Question 23-16 : Mandatory instruction signsinformation signs other than location signs shall consist of ?

Black inscriptions on yellow background.

Icao airport services manual doc 9137 and annex 14 5433 information signs shall include direction signs location signs destination signs runway exit signs runway vacated signs and intersection take off signs54326 an information sign other than a location sign shall consist of an inscription in black on a yellow backgroundexamples 767

Question 23-17 : Runway threshold identification lights are ?

Flashing white lights.

Green threshold wing bars are provided at certain aerodromes where there is a need to accentuate the thresholdthreshold lights are green and mark the threshold of the runway indicates the start of the available landing distance but threshold identification lights are flashing white they are placed next to the threshold area but off the runway where extra conspicuity is required 783simultaneous flashes help the pilot identify the runway in use

Question 23-18 : Runway lead in lighting should consist ?

Of group of at least three white lights flashing in sequence towards the runway.

Icao annex 14537 runway lead in lighting systemsapplication a runway lead in lighting system should be provided where it is desired to provide visual guidance along a specific approach path for reasons such as avoiding hazardous terrain or for purposes of noise abatementlocation a runway lead in lighting system should consist of groups of lights positioned so as to define the desired approach path and so that one group may be sighted from the preceding groupthe interval between adjacent groups should not exceed approximately 1600 mrunway lead in lighting system should extend from a point as determined by the appropriate authority up to a point where the approach lighting system if provided or the runway or the runway lighting system is in viewcharacteristics each group of lights of a runway lead in lighting system should consist of at least three flashing lights in a linear or cluster configuration the system may be augmented by steady burning lights where such lights would assist in identifying the system 784the flashing lights should be white and the steady burning lights gaseous discharge lightswhere practicable the flashing lights in each group should flash in sequence towards the runway

Question 23-19 : Signal from a signalman to an aircrafta signalman requests the pilot to engage brakes with the following signal ?

Raise arm and hand with fingers extended horizontally in front of body then clench fist.

Img705

Question 23-20 : Taxiway centre line lights other than an exit taxiway shall be ?

Fixed lights showing green.

Img774

Question 23-21 : Taxiway edge lights shall be ?

Fixed showing blue.

Img774

Question 23-22 : Abbreviationsthe abbreviation papi stands for ?

Precision approach path indicator.

Precision approach path indicator papi consists of four sets of lights in a line perpendicular to the runway usually mounted to the left side of the runway these have a similar purpose to basic visual approach slope indicators but the additional lights serve to show the pilot how far off the glide slope the aircraft iswhen the lights show white white red red the aircraft is on the correct glide slope for landing usually 30° three red lights white red red red indicate that the aircraft is slightly below glide slope 28° while four red lights red red red red indicate that the aircraft is significantly below glide slope 35° most large airports utilize this system although most airports use a papi based on a 30° glide slope some airports may use a glide slope as great as 50° in order to have proper obstruction clearance 772

Question 23-23 : The aerodrome category for rescue and fire fighting is based on ?

The over all length of the longest aeroplane normally using the aerodrome and its maximum fuselage width.

Icao annex 14 aerodromes 925 the aerodrome category shall be determined from table 9 1 and shall be based on the longest aeroplanes normally using the aerodrome and their fuselage width 786

Question 23-24 : The 'aerodrome reference code' is a code composed of two elements which are related to the aeroplane performance characteristics and dimensions these elements are a combination of a number and a letter as in the example under listed ?

2b.

Icao annex 14 161 an aerodrome reference code code number and letter which is selected for aerodrome planning purposes shall be determined in accordance with the characteristics of the aeroplane for which an aerodrome facility is intended 162 the aerodrome reference code numbers and letters shall have the meanings assigned to them in table 1 1 163 the code number for element 1 shall be determined from table 1 1 selecting the code number corresponding to the highest value of the aeroplane reference field lengths of the aeroplanes for which the runway is intended164 the code letter for element 2 shall be determined from table 1 1 by selecting the code letter which corresponds to the greatest wingspan of the aeroplanes for which the facility is intended 764

Question 23-25 : The movement area of an airport adjacent terrain and buildings or the portions of them with controlled access is called ?

Airside.

Annex 17 security chapter 1definitions airside the movement area of an airport adjacent terrain and buildings or portions thereof access to which is controlled

Question 23-26 : The 'papi' shall consist of ?

A wing bar of 4 sharp transition multi lamp or paired units equally spaced.

Precision approach path indicator papi consists of four sets of lights in a line perpendicular to the runway usually mounted to the left side of the runway these have a similar purpose to basic visual approach slope indicators but the additional lights serve to show the pilot how far off the glide slope the aircraft iswhen the lights show white white red red the aircraft is on the correct glide slope for landing usually 30° three red lights white red red red indicate that the aircraft is slightly below glide slope 28° while four red lights red red red red indicate that the aircraft is significantly below glide slope 35° most large airports utilize this system although most airports use a papi based on a 30° glide slope some airports may use a glide slope as great as 50° in order to have proper obstruction clearance 772

Question 23-27 : The runway edge lights shall be ?

White.

Blue is for the color of the taxiway edges 774

Question 23-28 : The stopway is a defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area where ?

An aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off.

Img788a stopway must be the same width as the runway and of sufficient load bearing strength to support the aircraft in the event of a rejected take off and clear of any non frangible obstacles

Question 23-29 : The white dumb bell with black perpendicular bar indicates that ?

Taxiing need not be confined to the taxiways.

Img789landing and take off prohibited outside runways taxiing authorized outside taxiways

Question 23-30 : Declared distances'toda' take off distance available is ?

The length of the take off run available plus the length of clearway available if provided.

Tora take off run available is the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking offtoda take off distance available is the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if provided a clearway is an area beyond the paved runway free of obstacles asda acceleration stop distance available is the length of the take off run available plus the length of stop way if providedlda landing distance available is the length of runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing 769

Question 23-31 : Visual aids for denoting obstacleslow intensity obstacle lights on vehicles other than those associated with emergency or security shall be ?

Question 23-32 : Visual aids for navigation lightsa precision approach category i lighting system is made of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending over a distance of ?

900 m from the runway threshold and a 30 m long crossbar at a distance of 300 m from the runway threshold.

Img778the single two and three light sources on the centre line have a length of 300 m

Question 23-33 : Visual aids for navigation markingson an aerodrome equipped with parallel runways the designation number of each runway shall be supplemented as follows ?

In case of two parallel runways by the letter 'l' and 'r' in the sequence from left to right.

Question 23-34 : Visual aids for navigation runway end lightsthe colour of the fixed unidirectional runway end lights shall be ?

Red.

Img790runway threshold lights shall be fixed unidirectional lights showing green in the direction of approach to the runwayrunway edge lights shall be fixed lights showing variable white red for displaced threshold and yellow for the final third of the runway lengthrunway end lights shall be fixed unidirectional lights showing red in the direction of the runway

Question 23-35 : Visual aids for navigation runway threshold lightsthe colour of the fixed unidirectional runway threshold and wing bar lights shall be ?

Green.

Img790runway threshold lights shall be fixed unidirectional lights showing green in the direction of approach to the runwayrunway edge lights shall be fixed lights showing variable white red for displaced threshold and yellow for the final third of the runway length

Question 23-36 : Visual ground signalsa double white cross displayed horizontally in the signal area indicates that ?

The aerodrome is being used by gliders and that glider flights are being performed.

Img791glider flights in operation above the aerodrome

Question 23-37 : Visual ground signalsa horizontal white dumb bell with a black bar placed perpendicular to the shaft across each circular portion placed in the signal area indicates that ?

Aircraft are required to land and take off on runways only but other manoeuvres need not be confined to runways or taxiways.

Img789landing and take off prohibited outside runways taxiing authorized outside taxiways

Question 23-38 : Visual ground signalsa right hand arrow of conspicuous colour indicates ?

That turns are to be made to the right before landing and after take off.

Img792right hand traffic circuit

Question 23-39 : What is a 'barrette' ?

Three or more ground lights closely spaced together to appear as a bar of lights.

Icao annex 14 aerodromes volume 1 barrette three or more aeronautical ground lights closely spaced in a transverse line so that from a distance they appear as a short bar of lightexample 793 the white arrows show you three or more ground lights closely spaced together to appear as a bar of lights

Question 23-40 : What is the length of an approach lighting system of a precision approach runway cat ii ?

900 m.

Icao annex 14 aerodromes volume 1 precision approach category ii and iii lighting systemlocation 53422 the approach lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending wherever possible over a distance of 900 m from the runway threshold