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Question 24-1 : Which 'code letter' shall be chosen to identify a taxiway to be used by an aircraft having a wheel base of 15 m ? [ Control visibility ]

Code letter 'c'

Code letter/ taxiway width ..'a' 7 5 m..'b' 10 5 m..'c' 15 m if the taxiway is intended to be used by aeroplanes with a wheel base less than 18 m or.18 m if the taxiway is intended to be used by aeroplanes with a wheel base greater than 18 m ..'d' 18 m if the taxiway is intended to be used by aeroplanes with an outer main gear wheel span of less than 9 m .23 m if the taxiway is intended to be used by aeroplanes with an outer main gear wheel span of greater than 9 m ..'e' 23 m exemple 124 Code letter 'c'.

Question 24-2 : Which of the following alternatives describes the complete cat 1 'calvert' type of approach light system ?

5 crossbars centre line with 3 2 and 1 lamp per light unit

Img794.in 1946 mr e s calvert of the royal aircraft establishment farnborough was requested by a uk ministry of civil aviation airfield lighting committee to investigate the problem of approach lighting and establish the general principles involved calvert tackled the problem by attempting to ascertain the visual and mental processes by which a pilot lands an aircraft he then developed a theoretical model by which different lighting systems could be compared and tested his theoretical results using simulation .calvert's line of reasoning led him to the conclusion that to provide smooth transition from instrument to visual flying without optical illusions and to provide sensitive and natural indications which could easily be interpreted by the average pilot the approach lighting pattern should consist of a centre line of light with horizontal bars of light running transversely across it at even intervals this pattern consists of two basic elements a line of lights leading to the runway threshold and horizontal lights to define the attitude of the aircraft . 795.diagrams above with horizon bars the pilot can see if he is on an even keel left or banked right wing down to turn on to the centre line right exemple 128 5 crossbars, centre line with 3, 2 and 1 lamp per light unit.

Question 24-3 : Within the annex to the icao convention that specifies dimensions of aerodromes are codes for different runways which is the minimum width of a runway with runway code 4 ?

45 metres

.width of runways annex 14 volume 1 . 3 1 10 recommendation the width of a runway should be not less than the appropriate dimension specified in the following tabulation .. exemple 132 45 metres.

Question 24-4 : White or yellow crosses painted or located at the thresholds and on the runway indicate ?

This runway is closed landing is prohibited

Icao annex 14 . 7 1 closed runways and taxiways or parts thereof .7 1 4 characteristics. .the marking shall be white when displayed on a runway and shall be yellow when displayed on a taxiway .example . 797.mobile unit . 796 exemple 136 This runway is closed, landing is prohibited.

Question 24-5 : Mandatory instructions signs on an aerodrome shall have the following colours ?

White inscription on a red background

Icao annex 14 . characteristics .5 4 2 12 a mandatory instruction sign shall consist of an inscription in white on a red background . 798.you may notice 'yellow on black background' markings on the appendix 14 example but the text states . application 5 4 2 1 a mandatory instruction sign shall be provided to identify a location beyond which an aircraft taxiing or vehicle shall not proceed unless authorized by the aerodrome control tower .5 4 2 2 mandatory instruction signs shall include runway designation signs category i ii or iii holding position signs runway holding position signs road holding position signs and no entry signs .note see 5 4 7 for specifications on road holding position signs .5 4 2 3 a pattern 'a' runway holding position marking shall be supplemented at a taxiway/runway intersection or a runway/runway intersection with a runway designation sign .5 4 2 4 a pattern 'b' runway holding position marking shall be supplemented with a category i ii or iii holding position sign .5 4 2 5 a pattern 'a' runway holding position marking at a runway holding position established in accordance with 3 12 3 shall be supplemented with a runway holding position sign .note see 5 2 10 for specifications on runway holding position marking exemple 140 White inscription on a red background.

Question 24-6 : A runway strip is ?

An area intended to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway

Icao annex 14 .1 1 defintions. runway strip a defined area including the runway and stopway if provided intended .a to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway and.b to protect aircraft flying over it during take off or landing operations exemple 144 An area intended to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway.

Question 24-7 : What is the name for a taxiway connected to a runway at an acute angle designed to allow aeroplanes to turn off at higher speeds than are achieved on other exits thereby minimizing runway occupancy time ?

Rapid exit taxiway

Annex 14 aerodrome rapid exit taxiway . 799 exemple 148 Rapid exit taxiway.

Question 24-8 : Radio altimeter operating area.a radio altimeter operating area shall extend before the threshold for a distance of at least ?

300 m

Icao annex 14 aerodromes . 3 8 radio altimeter operating area . general .3 8 1 recommendation a radio altimeter operating area should be established in the pre threshold area of a precision approach runway . length of the area .3 8 2 recommendation a radio altimeter operating area should extend before the threshold for a distance of at least 300 m . width of the area .3 8 3 recommendation a radio altimeter operating area should extend laterally on each side of the extended centre line of the runway to a distance of 60 m except that when special circumstances so warrant the distance may be reduced to no less than 30 m if an aeronautical study indicates that such reduction would not affect the safety of operations of aircraft .and . 4 3 radio altimeter operating area .in order to accommodate aeroplanes making auto coupled approaches and automatic landings irrespective of weather conditions it is desirable that slope changes be avoided or kept to a minimum on a rectangular area at least 300 m long before the threshold of a precision approach runway the area should be symmetrical about the extended centre line 120 m wide when special circumstances so warrant the width may be reduced to no less than 60 m if an aeronautical study indicates that such reduction would not affect the safety of operations of aircraft this is desirable because these aeroplanes are equipped with a radio altimeter for final height and flare guidance and when the aeroplane is above the terrain immediately prior to the threshold the radio altimeter will begin to provide information to the automatic pilot for auto flare .where slope changes cannot be avoided the rate of change between two consecutive slopes should not exceed 2 per cent per 30 m exemple 152 300 m.

Question 24-9 : Approach lighting systems .the length of a simple approach lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending over a distance of not less than ?

420 m

Icao annex 14 aerodromes . simple approach lighting system . location .5 3 4 2 a simple approach lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending whenever possible over a distance of not less than 420 m from the threshold with a row of lights forming a crossbar 18 m or 30 m in length at a distance of 300 m from the threshold . . 5 3 4 3 the lights forming the crossbar shall be as nearly as practicable in a horizontal straight line at right angles to and bisected by the line of the centre line lights the lights of the crossbar shall be spaced so as to produce a linear effect except that when a crossbar of 30 m is used gaps may be left on each side of the centre line these gaps shall be kept to a minimum to meet local requirements and each shall not exceed 6 m exemple 156 420 m.

Question 24-10 : The colour of a runway designation marking on a paved runway shall be ?

White

Icao annex 14 aerodromes volume 1 .chapter 5 visual aids for navigation.5 2 markings. .5 2 1 4 runway markings shall be white . 773.5 2 1 5 taxiway markings runway turn pad markings and aircraft stand markings shall be yellow .5 2 1 6 apron safety lines shall be of a conspicuous colour which shall contrast with that used for aircraft stand markings exemple 160 White.

Question 24-11 : Annex 14 to the convention on international civil aviation contains standards and recommended practices sarps for ?

Aerodromes

exemple 164 Aerodromes.

Question 24-12 : A detailed description of the visual ground aids can be found in icao ?

Annex 14

exemple 168 Annex 14.

Question 24-13 : Annex 14 rescue and fire fighting.the most important factors bearing on effective rescue in a survivable aircraft accident are ?

The training received the effectiveness of the equipment and the speed with which personnel and equipment designated for rescue and fire fighting purposes can be put into use

Ecqb04 october 2017..annex 14 rescue and fire fighting.the most important factors bearing on effective rescue in a survivable aircraft accident are . the training received . the effectiveness of the equipment and. the speed with which personnel and equipment designated for rescue and fire fighting purposes can be put into use exemple 172 The training received, the effectiveness of the equipment and the speed with which personnel and equipment designated for rescue and fire fighting purposes can be put into use.

Question 24-14 : Annex 14 rescue and fire fighting.the principal objective of a rescue and firefighting service is ?

To save lives

Ecqb04 october 2017..annex 14 rescue and fire fighting.the principal objective of a rff service is to save lives in the event of an aircraft accident or.incident occurring at or in the immediate vicinity of an airport the rff service is provided to create and maintain survivable conditions to provide egress routes for occupants and to initiate the rescue of those occupants unable to make their escape without direct aid ..1 1 2 this service must assume at all times the possibility of and need for extinguishing a fire which may .a exist at the time an aircraft is landing taking off taxiing parked etc or.b occur immediately following an aircraft accident or incident or.c occur at any time during rescue operations exemple 176 To save lives.

Question 24-15 : Annex 14 rescue and fire fighting.what is meant by the term 'response time' response time is considered to be the time ?

Between the initial call to the rff service and the time when the first responding vehicle s is are in position to apply foam

Ecqb04 october 2017..annex 14 rescue and fire fighting.the operational objective of the rff service should be to achieve response times of two minutes and not exceeding three minutes to the end of each runway as well as to any other part of the movement area in optimum conditions of visibility and surface conditions response time is considered.to be the time between the initial call to the rff service and the time when the first responding vehicle s is are in position to apply foam at a rate of at least 50 per cent of the discharge rate specified in table 2 3 .determination of realistic response times should be made by rff vehicles operating from their normal locations and not from positions adopted solely for test purposes

Question 24-16 : Annex 14 rescue and fire fighting.the operational objective of the rescue and fire fighting service should be to achieve response times of ?

Two minutes and not exceeding three minutes to the end of each runway as well as to any other part of the movement area in optimum conditions of visibility and surface conditions

Ecqb04 october 2017..annex 14 rescue and fire fighting. the operational objective of the rff service should be to achieve response times of two minutes and not exceeding three minutes to the end of each runway as well as to any other part of the movement area in optimum conditions of visibility and surface conditions response time is considered.to be the time between the initial call to the rff service and the time when the first responding vehicle s is are in position to apply foam at a rate of at least 50 per cent of the discharge rate specified in table 2 3 .determination of realistic response times should be made by rff vehicles operating from their normal locations and not from positions adopted solely for test purposes exemple 184 Two minutes and not exceeding three minutes to the end of each runway, as well as to any other part of the movement area, in optimum conditions of visibility and surface conditions.

Question 24-17 : A no entry signal has to be established as follows ?

On both sides at the beginning of the affected zone

Icao annex 14 . location .5 4 2 10 a not entry sign shall be located at the beginning of the area to which entrance is prohibited on each side of the taxiway as viewed by the pilot

Question 24-18 : Annex 14 aerodromes .the height of signs near a runway or taxiway shall be sufficiently low to ?

Preserve clearance for propellers and the engine pods of jet aircraft

exemple 192 Preserve clearance for propellers and the engine pods of jet aircraft.

Question 24-19 : Annex 14 aerodromes .the height of markers and elevated lights near a runway or taxiway shall be sufficiently low to ?

Preserve clearance for propellers and the engine pods of jet aircraft

exemple 196 Preserve clearance for propellers and the engine pods of jet aircraft.

Question 24-20 : If more than 25% of a runway is covered by 3mm of water the runway is considered to be ?

Contaminated

Ecqb04 november 2017..air ops terminology . . 2 contaminated runway a runway is considered to be contaminated when more than 25% of the runway surface area whether in isolated areas or not within the required length and width being used is covered by the following . i surface water more than 3 mm 0 125 in deep or by slush or loose snow equivalent to more than 3 mm 0 125 in of water . ii snow which has been compressed into a solid mass which resists further compression and will hold together or break into lumps if picked up compacted .snow or . iii ice including wet ice . . 10 wet runway a runway is considered wet when the runway surface is covered with water or equivalent less than specified in sub paragraph 2 above or when there is sufficient moisture on the runway surface to cause it to appear reflective but without significant areas of standing water exemple 200 Contaminated.

Question 24-21 : Declared distances .tora take off run available is ?

The length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking off

Icao annex 14 .tora take off run available is .the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking off .toda take off distance available is .the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if provided .asda acceleration stop distance available is .the length of the take off run available plus the length of stop way if provided .lda landing distance available is .the length of runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing exemple 204 The length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking-off.

Question 24-22 : The four declared distances tora toda asda lda are equal to the length of the runway if ?

There is no stopway or clearway and no displaced threshold

Icao annex 14 . 769.where a runway is not provided with a stopway or clearway and the threshold is located at the extremity of the runway the four declared distance should normally be equal to the length of the runway as shown on example a exemple 208 There is no stopway or clearway, and no displaced threshold.

Question 24-23 : Declared distances the four main most important declared runway distances are ?

Tora toda asda lda

Icao annex 14 .tora take off run available is .the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking off .toda take off distance available is .the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if provided .asda acceleration stop distance available is .the length of the take off run available plus the length of stop way if provided .lda landing distance available is .the length of runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing exemple 212 Tora, toda, asda, lda.

Question 24-24 : Definitions aerodrome .an area symmetrical about the extended runway centre line and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the runway is called ?

Runway end safety area resa

Icao annex 14 .runway end safety area resa an area symmetrical about the extended runway centre line and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the runway . bresa beach runway end safety aera at saint barthélémy tffj .vdo800 exemple 216 Runway end safety area (resa).

Question 24-25 : Definitions aerodrome .a 'runway strip' is a defined area including ?

The runway and stopway if provided

Icao annex 14 .1 1 definitions.a runway strip is a defined area including the runway and stopway if provided intended .a to reduce the risk of damage to an aircraft running off a runway and.b to protect aircraft flying over it during take off or landing operations exemple 220 The runway and stopway if provided.

Question 24-26 : Guidance on calculation of declared distances is given in ?

Icao annex 14 attachment a

Ecqb04 november 2017..guidance on calculation of declared distances is given in icao annex 14 attachment a guidance material exemple 224 Icao annex 14, attachment a.

Question 24-27 : Aerodromes general .abbreviation resa means ?

Runway end safety area

Icao annex 14 .runway end safety area resa an area symmetrical about the extended runway centre line and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the runway exemple 228 Runway end safety area.

Question 24-28 : A resa can be implemented at ?

Both ends of the runway strip

Icao annex 14 .runway end safety area resa an area symmetrical about the extended runway centre line and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the runway exemple 232 Both ends of the runway strip.

Question 24-29 : Regarding pavement strength the abbreviation acn stands for… ?

Aircraft classification number

Icao annex 14.abbreviations and symbols.acn aircraft classification number2 6 strength of pavements2 6 1 the bearing strength of a pavement shall be determined 2 6 2 the bearing strength of a pavement intended for aircraft of apron ramp mass greater than 5700 kg shall be made available using the aircraft classification number — pavement classification number acn pcn method by reporting all of the following information a the pavement classification number pcn b pavement type for acn pcn determination c subgrade strength category d maximum allowable tire pressure category or maximum allowable tire pressure value ande evaluation method note — if necessary pcns may be published to an accuracy of one tenth of a whole number exemple 236 Aircraft classification number.

Question 24-30 : Regarding the bearing strength of aprons runways and taxiways the abbreviation pcn stands for… ?

Pavement classification number

Icao annex 14.pavement classification number pcn a number expressing the bearing strength of a pavement for unrestricted operations 2 6 strength of pavements2 6 1 the bearing strength of a pavement shall be determined 2 6 2 the bearing strength of a pavement intended for aircraft of apron ramp mass greater than 5700 kg shall be made available using the aircraft classification number — pavement classification number acn pcn method by reporting all of the following information a the pavement classification number pcn b pavement type for acn pcn determination c subgrade strength category d maximum allowable tire pressure category or maximum allowable tire pressure value ande evaluation method note — if necessary pcns may be published to an accuracy of one tenth of a whole number exemple 240 Pavement classification number.

Question 24-31 : According to icao annex 14 the bearing strength of a pavement intended for aircraft of apron ramp mass equal to or less than 5700 kg shall be made available by reporting which information ?

The maximum allowable aircraft mass and maximum allowable tire pressure

Reference icao annex 14 volume i chapter 2 262 6 strength of pavements2 6 8 the bearing strength of a pavement intended for aircraft of apron ramp mass equal to or less than 5700 kg shall be made available by reporting the following information a maximum allowable aircraft mass andb maximum allowable tire pressure note this question is similar to q106929 a pavement intended for aircraft of apron ramp mass greater than 5 700 kg should have a pcn a number expressing its bearing strength for example pcn 40 / f / b / 0 80 mpa /t that will then be compared with the acn a pavement intended for aircraft of apron ramp mass equal to or less than 5 700 kg does not have a pcn and its bearing strength is made available by reporting the maximum allowable aircraft mass and maximum allowable tire pressure example 4 000 kg/0 50 mpa in this question the option 'the maximum allowable aircraft mass and maximum allowable tire pressure ' is the most appropriate to the question itself it asks about the bearing strength of the pavement however in q106929 the only option that makes sense is 'the pavement classification system is not applicable to aircraft under 5700 kg' because it asks about pcn specifically we apologize for this tricky part exemple 244 The maximum allowable aircraft mass and maximum allowable tire pressure.

Question 24-32 : A 'runway strip' is defined as an area including the runway and… ?

A stopway if provided intended to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway and to protect aircraft flying over it during take off and landing operations

Refer to figure icao annex 14.runway strip a defined area including the runway and stopway if provided intended a to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway and.b to protect aircraft flying over it during take off or landing operations exemple 248 A stopway, if provided, intended to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway and to protect aircraft flying over it during take-off and landing operations.

Question 24-33 : Icao annex 14 the runway strip ?

Includes the runway and if provided the stopway

Refer to figure .icao annex 14.runway strip a defined area including the runway and stopway if provided intended .a to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway and.b to protect aircraft flying over it during take off or landing operations exemple 252 Includes the runway and, if provided, the stopway.

Question 24-34 : One of the purposes of the runway strip is to… ?

Reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off the runway

Refer to figure icao annex 14.runway strip a defined area including the runway and stopway if provided intended a to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway and.b to protect aircraft flying over it during take off or landing operations exemple 256 Reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off the runway.

Question 24-35 : What does resa mean ?

Runway end safety area

.icao annex 14.runway end safety area resa an area symmetrical about the extended runway centre line and adjacent to the end of the strip primarily intended to reduce the risk of damage to an aeroplane undershooting or overrunning the runway exemple 260 Runway end safety area.

Question 24-36 : What is the icao definition for clearway ?

A defined rectangular area on the ground or water selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aircraft may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height

Refer to figure . .icao annex 14 . .clearway a defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of the appropriate authority selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height .stopway a defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off exemple 264 A defined rectangular area on the ground or water, selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aircraft may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height.

Question 24-37 : If a clearway is provided its length is part of the… ?

Take off distance available toda

Refer to figure icao annex 14.volume 1.declared distances a take off run available tora the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking off .b take off distance available toda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if provided .c accelerate stop distance available asda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the stopway if provided d landing distance available lda the length of runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing chapter 1stopway a defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off summary .tora = take off run available.toda = tora + cwy clearway .asda = tora + stw stopway .lda = tora displaced threshold exemple 268 Take-off distance available (toda).

Question 24-38 : How wide must a stopway be ?

As wide as the associated runway

Refer to figure . .icao annex 14 . .3 7 stopways . .width of stopways.3 7 1 a stopway shall have the same width as the runway with which it is associated exemple 272 As wide as the associated runway.

Question 24-39 : The stopway is located at the end of the ?

Take off run available tora

Refer to figure icao annex 14.volume 1.declared distances a take off run available tora the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking off .b take off distance available toda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if provided .c accelerate stop distance available asda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the stopway if provided d landing distance available lda the length of runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landing chapter 1stopway a defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off summary .tora = take off run available.toda = tora + cwy clearway .asda = tora + stw stopway .lda = tora displaced threshold exemple 276 Take-off run available (tora).

Question 24-40 : What is the icao definition for stopway ?

A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off

Refer to figure . .icao annex 14.clearway a defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of the appropriate authority selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified height .stopway a defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off exemple 280 A defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take-off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take-off.


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