Question 26-1 : According to icao annex 14 what is the purpose of taxiway widening on curved segments ? [ Candidate qualification ]

Question 26-2 : According to icao annex 14 the intent of the aerodrome reference code is to provide a simple method for interrelating aerodrome characteristics so as to provide aerodrome facilities suitable for the aeroplanes intended to operate at the aerodrome in terms of the ?

Aeroplane reference field length and wingspan.

Refer to figureicao annex 1416 reference code161 an aerodrome reference code — code number and letter — which is selected for aerodrome planning purposes shall be determined in accordance with the characteristics of the aeroplane for which an aerodrome facility is intended162 the aerodrome reference code numbers and letters shall have the meanings assigned to them in table 1 1163 the code number for element 1 shall be determined from table 1 1 column 1 selecting the code number corresponding to the highest value of the aeroplane reference field lengths of the aeroplanes for which the runway is intendednote— the determination of the aeroplane reference field length is solely for the selection of a code number and is not intended to influence the actual runway length provided164 the code letter for element 2 shall be determined from table 1 1 column 3 by selecting the code letter which corresponds to the greatest wingspan or the greatest outer main gear wheel span whichever gives the more demanding code letter of the aeroplanes for which the facility is intended

Question 26-3 : In accordance with icao annex 14 the inscription on a runway holding position sign at a runway holding position shall consist of… ?

The taxiway designation and a number.

Refer to figureicao annex 14542 mandatory instruction signscharacteristics54217 the inscription on a runway holding position sign at a runway holding position established in accordance with 3123 shall consist of the taxiway designation and a number

Question 26-4 : The principles of pavement classification numbers pcns and aircraft classification numbers acns are described by icao annex 14 these numbers describe the strength of a surface and the impact an aircraft will have on a surface select the correct option ?

An aircraft with a given acn value may operate on a surface with a lower pcn value if certain operational limitations are met.

Icao annex 14aircraft classification number acn a number expressing the relative effect of an aircraft on a pavement for a specified standard subgrade categorypavement classification number pcn a number expressing the bearing strength of a pavement for unrestricted operations20 the acn pcn method of reporting pavement strengtha for flexible pavements occasional movements by aircraft with acn not exceeding 10 percent above the reported pcn should not adversely affect the pavement b for rigid or composite pavements in which a rigid pavement layer provides a primary element of the structure occasional movements by aircraft with acn not exceeding 5 percent above the reported pcn should not adversely affect the pavement conclusion as a general rule the acn must not exceed the pcn except that provided this represents less than 5% of the movements on a flexible pavement an acn can exceed the pcn by up to 10% and on a rigid pavement up to 5%

Question 26-5 : Where must a road holding position be available at the intersection of… ?

Road runway.

Refer to figure icao annex 14 312 holding bays runway holding positions intermediate holding positions and road holding positions3125 a road holding position shall be established at an intersection of a road with a runway

Question 26-6 : According to icao annex 14 aerodrome mandatory instruction signs are 1 runway designation signs 2 runway exit signs 3 category i ii or iii holding position signs 4 runway holding position signs 5 road holding position signs 6 no entry signs 7 direction signs 8 location signs ?

1 3 4 5 and 6.

Refer to figures icao annex 14 542 mandatory instruction signsapplication5421 a mandatory instruction sign shall be provided to identify a location beyond which an aircraft taxiing or vehicle shall not proceed unless authorized by the aerodrome control tower 5422 mandatory instruction signs shall include runway designation signs category i ii or iii holding position signs runway holding position signs road holding position signs and no entry signs

Question 26-7 : According to icao annex 14 elevated runway stopway and taxiway lights shall be… ?

Frangible.

Annex 14 aerodromeselevated lights5316 elevated runway stopway and taxiway lights shall be frangible their height shall be sufficiently low to preserve clearance for propellers and for the engine pods of jet aircraft

Question 26-8 : Where might you see an intermediate holding position ?

Between two paved taxiways it shall consist of markings.

Refer to figureicao annex 14 aerodromesdefinitionsintermediate holding position a designated position intended for traffic control at which taxiing aircraft and vehicles shall stop and hold until further cleared to proceed when so instructed by the aerodrome control tower3124 recommendation— an intermediate holding position should be established on a taxiway at any point other than a runway holding position where it is desirable to define a specific holding limitintermediate holding positions are usually used at the intersections between two taxiways to demarcate a zone where aircraft can hold to wait for another vehicleaircraft to pass on the adjoining taxiway they can also be used for marking the exit boundary of a remote de icinganti icing facility which connects to the taxiway they can have accompanying stop bars or intermediate holding position lights but do not need tothe annex above is used for showing holding position markings but the placement of intermediate holding positions are shown in the bottom left

Question 26-9 : According to icao annex 14 and the european aerodromes regulation the surface condition of the runway shall be assessed and reported including a description of the contaminant which of the following is a correct term that can be used to describe a contaminant ?

Compacted snow.

Learning objective 01009020403 describe the different types of contaminant on rwys295 the runway surface condition shall be assessed and reported through a runway condition code rwycc and adescription using the following terms compacted snow dry dry snow dry snow on top of compacted snow dry snow on top of ice frost ice slush standing water water on top of compacted snow wet wet ice wet snow wet snow on top of compacted snow wet snow on top of ice chemically treated loose sand

Question 26-10 : In accordance with icao annex 14 the only signs present on the movement area utilising the colour red shall be ?

Mandatory instruction signs.

Refer to figurelearning objective 01009040401 explain which signs are the only ones on the movement area utilising redsource icao annex 14 volume 1 chapter 54 signsas shown in the annex above icao annex 14 'the only signs on the movement area utilizing red shall be mandatory instruction signs'the second annex shows a selection of mandatory instruction signs that could be seen on an aerodrome movement area these are mostly runway holding position signs

Question 26-11 : Consider the definitions for water based contaminants contained in icao annex 14 and the european aerodromes regulation sort the following 3 contaminants in order of decreasing braking performance with 1 has less impact than 2 and 3 has the highest impact ?

1 compacted snow 2 ice 3 wet ice.

A contaminated runway is a runway where more than 25% of the surface area whether in isolated areas or not within the required length and width being used is covered in either more than 3 mm 0125 in deep of water or its equivalent in wet snow or slush or loose snow compacted snow which will resist further compression into a solid mass and either hold together or break into lumps when picked up or ice including wet icewet ice is ice that is melting or ice with a layer of water any depth on topthe various braking action of each surface is quite easy to work out compacted snow has a relatively rough surface and with heavy weight will allow some movement of the snow beneath allowing for some traction between tyres and the surface especially if the tyres have good tread for snow operations this will allow moderate and moderate to poor braking action in many casesice on the other hand will not move nor allow any purchase with treaded tyres unless they are studded but dry ice not frozen carbon dioxide used in smoke machines will at least have a small amount of traction with a usually grippy rubber tyre surface still moderate to poor and poor braking action can be expected wet ice has the same downsides of ice but now that top level traction is nearly completely gone and the braking action can be expected to be poor to non existent

Question 26-12 : In accordance with icao annex 14 what should a signalling lamp in the aerodrome control tower be capable of ?

Producing red green and white signals.

Icao annex 14 chapter 5 visual aids for navigation 513 signalling lamp characteristics 5132 recommendation a signalling lamp should be capable of producing red green and white signals and of a being aimed manually at any target as required b giving a signal in any one colour followed by a signal in either of the two other colours and c transmitting a message in any one of the three colours by morse code up to a speed of at least four words per minutewhen selecting the green light use should be made of the restricted boundary of green as specified in appendix 1 212

Question 26-13 : According to icao annex 14 a spherical red marker with a diameter of 60 cm displayed on or adjacent to an object with the appearance of being suspended at low level in the air indicates the presence of… ?

An overhead cable or wire.

Refer to figure — a marker displayed on an overhead wire cable etc should be spherical and have a diameter of not less than 60 cmsource icao annex 14

Question 26-14 : A braking action code 4 reported on a snowtam corresponds to a measured coefficient of and an estimated surface friction of ?

Medium to good 039 to 036.

Icao annex 14attachment a6 assessing the surface friction characteristics of snow slush ice and frost covered paved surfaces measured coefficient estimated surface friction code 040 and above good 5 039 to 036 medium to good 4 035 to 030 medium 3 029 to 026 medium to poor 2 025 and below poor 1

Question 26-15 : The precision approach cat ii and iii lighting system contains two crossbars at the first 300 m of its length which are located at a distance of 1 and 2 respectively from the runway threshold ?

Question 26-16 : Slush is defined as ?

Snow that is so water saturated that water will drain from it when a handful is picked up or will splatter if stepped on forcefully.

Icao annex 14slush water saturated snow which with a heel and toe slap down motion against the ground will be displaced with a splatter specific gravity 05 up to 08note— combinations of ice snow andor standing water may especially when rain rain and snow or snow is falling produce substances with specific gravities in excess of 08 these substances due to their high waterice content will have a transparent rather than a cloudy appearance and at the higher specific gravities will be readily distinguishable from slush

Question 26-17 : According icao annex 14 where shall a wind direction indicator be located ?

Question 26-18 : What is the length l1 and width l2 of the extended runway centre line lights on a cat i lighting system approach ?

L1 900 m l2 30 m.

Refer to figure simple approach lighting system location a simple approach lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending whenever possible over a distance of not less than 420 m from the threshold with a row of lights forming a crossbar 18 m or 30 m in length at a distance of 300 m from the thresholdprecision approach category i lighting system location a precision approach category i lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending wherever possible over a distance of 900 m from the runway threshold with a row of lights forming a crossbar 30 m in length at a distance of 300 m from the runway thresholdnote— the installation of an approach lighting system of less than 900 m in length may result in operational limitations on the use of the runway see attachment a section 11

Question 26-19 : For a precision approach category i lighting system a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway shall extend over a distance of 1 from the threshold ?

900 m.

Refer to figure a precision approach category i lighting system is used for instrument landing system ils cat i landingsit consists of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending wherever possible over a distance of 900 m from the runway threshold the extended centre line and cross bars are fixed lights showing variable white

Question 26-20 : A row of arrows at the extremities of a runway provides an extension to the ?

Tora.

Refer to figures a row of arrows is located at the extremities of a runway indicates a displaced threshold this is considered a part of the tora and not an extension of it however the question is seen like that in the examsdisplaced threshold a threshold not located at the extremity of a runwaytora take off run available includes the displaced threshold toda take off distance available its extension is the clearway asda accelerate stop distance available its extension is the stopway lda landing distance available does not include the displaced thresholdicao annex 14 volume i 112 displaced threshold1121 if an object extends above the approach surface and the object cannot be removed consideration should be given to displacing the threshold permanently5249 where a runway threshold is permanently displaced arrows conforming to figure 5 4 b shall be provided on the portion of the runway before the displaced threshold35 where a runway has a displaced threshold then the lda will be reduced by the distance the threshold is displaced as shown in figure a 1 d a displaced threshold affects only the lda for approaches made to that threshold all declared distances for operations in the reciprocal direction are unaffected

Question 26-21 : What are the characteristics of the pre threshold centerline lighting of a typical full cat i approach lighting system ?

A length of at least 900 m and a distance of 150 m between the crossbars.

Refer to figure icao annex 14 precision approach category i lighting systemlocation53410 a precision approach category i lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending wherever possible over a distance of 900 m from the runway threshold with a row of lights forming a crossbar 30 m in length at a distance of 300 m from the runway thresholdcharacteristics53419 if the centre line consists of lights as described in 53414 a or 53415 a additional crossbars of lights to the crossbar provided at 300 m from the threshold shall be provided at 150 m 450 m 600 m and 750 m from the threshold the lights forming each crossbar shall be as nearly as practicable in a horizontal straight line at right angles to and bisected by the line of the centre line lights the lights shall be spaced so as to produce a linear effect except that gaps may be left on each side of the centre line these gaps shall be kept to a minimum to meet local requirements and each shall not exceed 6 mthe crossbars are located at 150 m 300 m 450 m 600 m and 750 m from the threshold therefore the distance between them is 150 m

Question 26-22 : The ground signal t used to provide runway in use should be 1 by day and where required for use at night it shall either be illuminated or outlined by 2 lights ?

1 white or orange 2 white.

Refer to figure landing direction indicator a device to indicate visually the direction currently designated for landing and for take officao annex 14 512 landing direction indicatorlocation5121 where provided a landing direction indicator shall be located in a conspicuous place on the aerodromecharacteristics5122 recommendation— the landing direction indicator should be in the form of a t 5123 the shape and minimum dimensions of a landing t shall be as shown in figure 5 1 the colour of the landing t shall be either white or orange the choice being dependent on the colour that contrasts best with the background against which the indicator will be viewed where required for use at night the landing t shall either be illuminated or outlined by white lights

Question 26-23 : Which of the following statements is correct about runway strip 1 runway strip includes stopway or resa if provided2 runway strip includes runway and stopway if provided3 the operation of all moving objects are prohibited on runway strip except emergency and rescue vehicles4 the operation all moving ?

2 4 6 8.

Refer to figure runway strip a defined area including the runway and stopway if provided intended a to reduce the risk of damage to aircraft running off a runway andb to protect aircraft flying over it during take off or landing operationsicao annex 14 34 runway strips347 no fixed object other than visual aids required for air navigation or those required for aircraft safety purposes and which must be sited on the runway strip and satisfying the relevant frangibility requirement in chapter 5 shall be permitted on a runway stripno mobile object shall be permitted on this part of the runway strip during the use of the runway for landing or take off

Question 26-24 : An aircraft has landed and is taxiing along a yellow line after parking the pilot noticies another line that is narrower and has a different colour this line indicates a n ?

Apron marking.

Refer to figure apron a defined area on a land aerodrome intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers mail or cargo fuelling parking or maintenanceicao annex 14 aerodromes 52 markings5215 taxiway markings runway turn pad markings and aircraft stand markings shall be yellow5216 apron safety lines shall be of a conspicuous colour which shall contrast with that used for aircraft stand markings

Question 26-25 : Calculate toda given the followingtora 1800 m clearway 300 m displaced threshold 400 m ?

2100 m.

Refer to figure the take off distance available toda is the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if provided toda = tora + clearwaytoda = 1800 m + 300 m = 2100 micao annex 14 aerodromes chapter 1 11 definitionstake off run available tora the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking offtake off distance available toda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if providedaccelerate stop distance available asda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the stopway if providedclearway a defined rectangular area on the ground or water under the control of the appropriate authority selected or prepared as a suitable area over which an aeroplane may make a portion of its initial climb to a specified heightstopway a defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take off

Question 26-26 : When should a stand identification sign be clearly visible from the cockpit ?

Before entering the parking stand.

Refer to figure icao annex 14 aerodromes 546 aircraft stand identification signsapplication 5461 recommendation— an aircraft stand identification marking should be supplemented with an aircraft stand identification sign where feasiblelocation 5462 recommendation— an aircraft stand identification sign should be located so as to be clearly visible from the cockpit of an aircraft prior to entering the aircraft standcharacteristics 5463 recommendation— an aircraft stand identification sign should consist of an inscription in black on a yellow background

Question 26-27 : Calculate lda given the followingtora 2100 m stopway 200 m displaced threshold 100 m ?

2000 m.

Refer to figures when the threshold of a runway is not located at the extremity of the runway then a displaced threshold exists the displaced threshold is included in the tora take off run available and can be used during the take off run but it is not part of the lda landing distance available and can not be used for landing purposes in order to calculate the lda the displaced threshold length should be removed from the tora length lda = tora displaced threshold length = 2100 m 100 m = 2000 mnote the stopway length is not neededicao annex 14 definitionsdisplaced threshold a threshold not located at the extremity of a runwaydeclared distancesa take off run available tora the length of runway declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane taking off b take off distance available toda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the clearway if provided c accelerate stop distance available asda the length of the take off run available plus the length of the stopway if provided d landing distance available lda the length of runway which is declared available and suitable for the ground run of an aeroplane landingstopway a defined rectangular area on the ground at the end of take off run available prepared as a suitable area in which an aircraft can be stopped in the case of an abandoned take offattachment a guidance material supplementary to annex 14 volume i 3 calculation of declared distances35 where a runway has a displaced threshold then the lda will be reduced by the distance the threshold is displaced as shown in figure a 1 d a displaced threshold affects only the lda for approaches made to that threshold all declared distances for operations in the reciprocal direction are unaffected

Question 26-28 : What are the types of a runway approach lighting system ?

Simpleprecision.

Refer to figure the types of approach lighting system are simple approach lighting system precision approach category i lighting system and precision approach category ii and iii lighting system a simple approach lighting system can be used for a non instrument runway or a non precision approach runway a precision approach category i lighting system can be used for a non precision approach runway or a precision approach runway category i a precision approach category ii and iii lighting system is used for precision approach runways category ii or iiinote although approach types are non precision without vertical guidance and precision with vertical guidance approach lighting systems are divided into simple and precision cat i cat ii and iii icao annex 14 534 approach lighting systemssimple approach lighting system5342 a simple approach lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending whenever possible over a distance of not less than 420 m from the threshold with a row of lights forming a crossbar 18 m or 30 m in length at a distance of 300 m from the thresholdprecision approach category i lighting system53410 a precision approach category i lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending wherever possible over a distance of 900 m from the runway threshold with a row of lights forming a crossbar 30 m in length at a distance of 300 m from the runway thresholdprecision approach category ii and iii lighting system53422 the approach lighting system shall consist of a row of lights on the extended centre line of the runway extending wherever possible over a distance of 900 m from the runway threshold in addition the system shall have two side rows of lights extending 270 m from the threshold and two crossbars one at 150 m and one at 300 m from the threshold all as shown in figure 5 14 where the serviceability level of the approach lights specified as maintenance objectives in 1057 can be demonstrated the system may have two side rows of lights extending 240 m from the threshold and two crossbars one at 150 m and one at 300 m from the threshold all as shown in figure 5 15

Question 26-29 : For the transport of potentially disruptive passengers ?

Some supplementary safeguards are to be observed.

Question 26-30 : The documents for entry and departure of aircraft ?

Question 26-31 : The icao annex which deals with entry and departure of cargo and other articles on international flights is ?

Annex 9.

Annex 9 facilitation entry and departure for passengers bagage and cargo

Question 26-32 : The icao annex which deals with entry and departure of persons and their baggage in international flights is ?

Annex 9.

Annex 9 facilitation entry and departure for passengers bagage and cargo

Question 26-33 : Unaccompanied baggage carried by air shall be cleared under the procedure applicable to ?

Accompanied baggage or under another simplified customs procedure distinct from that normally applicable to other cargo.

Icao annex 9 facilitation unaccompanied baggage baggage that is transported as cargo and may or may not be carried on the same aircraft with the person to whom it belongschapter 4 entry and departure of cargo and other articles426 consignments declared as personal effects and transported as unaccompanied baggage shall be cleared under simplified arrangements

Question 26-34 : When a person is found inadmissible and is returned to the operator for transport away from the territory of the state the operator ?

Shall not be preclude from recovering from such person any transportation costs arising from his her inadmissibility.

Question 26-35 : In cases where a visitor travelling by air holds a valid passport and no visa is required of him contracting states ?

Shall not require him to obtain any other identity document from their consulates or operators prior to initiate the flight.

Question 26-36 : Except in special circumstances determined by the public authorities concerned when a passenger is passing through the territory of a contracting state and has to stay in that contracting state until the next flight for lack of facilities or any other circumstances the contracting state where the ?

The passenger is to leave that state within two 2 days from the day of his her arrival.

Revised ecqb03 august 2016

Question 26-37 : The crew member certificate cmc shall be accepted by each contracting state for identification purposes ?

Together with a valid flight crew licence.

Revised ecqb03 august 2016a contracting state shall accept in lieu of passport and visa for temporary admission a crew member's certificate

Question 26-38 : When can an icao contracting states ask its citizens for an exit visa ?

Contracting states shall not require exit visas from their own nationals wishing to tour abroad.

Ecqb03 august 2016annex 9 e exit visas317 contracting states shall not require exit visas from their own nationals wishing to tour abroad nor from visitors at the end of their stay318 recommended practice contracting states should not require exit visas from their resident aliens wishing to tour abroad

Question 26-39 : Contracting states shall carry out the handling forwarding and clearance of airmail and shall comply with the documentary procedures as prescribed ?

In the acts in force of the universal postal union.

Revised ecqb03 august 2016the regulations about handling mail are set by the universal postal union and icao requires contracting states to comply with these regulations

Question 26-40 : When an airline crew member in the exercise of herhis duties travels to another contracting state as a passenger in order to join an aircraft shehe must carry for identification purposes a ?

Cmc.

Revised ecqb03 august 2016a crew member certificate cmc is issued to airline flight crew and cabin crew members to facilitate their movement at icao member states' airports the cmc card replaces a passport or visa for this purpose however the card is not mandatory provisions on cmcs are contained in icao annex 9