Visual flight rules .except when a clearance is obtained from an atc unit vfr ? [ Multiple protocol ]

Question 7-1 : Ceiling is less than 1500 ft or the ground visibility is less than 5 km ceiling is less than 1000 ft or the ground visibility is less than 5 km ceiling is less than 2000 ft or the ground visibility is less than 5 km ceiling is less than 1000 ft or the ground visibility is less than 8 km

exemple 107 Ceiling is less than 1500 ft or the ground visibility is less than 5 km. — Icao annex 2 rules of the air chaper 4 visual flight rules . .4 2 except when a clearance is obtained from an air traffic control unit vfr flights shall not take off or land at an aerodrome within a control zone or enter the aerodrome traffic zone or traffic pattern .a when the ceiling is less than 450 m 1500 ft or.b when the ground visibility is less than 5 km Ceiling is less than 1500 ft or the ground visibility is less than 5 km.

Visual signals .in flight the pilot of an aircraft observes a series of ?

Question 7-2 : The unauthorised aircraft is flying in or about to enter a restricted prohibited or danger area and the aircraft is to take such remedial action as may be necessary the aerodrome nearby you have chosen for landing is unsafe do not attempt to land proceed to your alternate notwithstanding any previous instructions stay in the circuit do not land for the time being give way to other aircraft and continue circling

exemple 111 The unauthorised aircraft is flying in or about to enter a restricted, prohibited or danger area and the aircraft is to take such remedial action as may be necessary. — Img708.icao annex 2 rules of the air .3 visual signals used to warn an unauthorized aircraft flying in or about to enter a restricted prohibited or danger area.by day and by night a series of projectiles discharged from the ground at intervals of 10 seconds each showing on bursting red and green lights or stars will indicate to an unauthorized aircraft that it is flying in or about to enter a restricted prohibited or danger area and that the aircraft is to take such remedial action as may be necessary The unauthorised aircraft is flying in or about to enter a restricted, prohibited or danger area and the aircraft is to take such remedial action as may be necessary.

When two aircraft are approaching head on or approximately so and there is a ?

Question 7-3 : Alter its heading to the right alter its heading to the left descent climb

exemple 115 Alter its heading to the right. — Alter its heading to the right.

Whenever unlawful interference with an aircraft is suspected and where ?

Question 7-4 : Setting the ssr decoder to mode a code 7500 and thereafter to code 7700 setting the ssr decoder to mode a 7500 then to standby and thereafter to code 7700 setting the ssr decoder to mode a 7700 then to standby and thereafter to code 7500 setting the ssr decoder to mode a code 7000 and thereafter to code 7500

exemple 119 Setting the ssr decoder to mode a code 7500 and thereafter to code 7700. — . doc 4444 .15 1 3 unlawful interference and aircraft bomb threat.15 1 3 2 whenever unlawful interference with an aircraft is suspected and where automatic distinct display of ssr mode a code 7500 and code 7700 is not provided the controller shall attempt to verify any suspicion by setting the ssr decoder to mode a code 7500 and thereafter to code 7700 .note an aircraft equipped with an ssr transponder is expected to operate the transponder on mode a code 7500 to indicate specifically that it is the subject of unlawful interference the aircraft may operate the transponder on mode a code 7700 to indicate that it is threatened by grave and imminent danger and requires immediate assistance an aircraft equipped with other surveillance system transmitters including ads b and ads c might send the emergency and/or urgency signal by all of the available means Setting the ssr decoder to mode a code 7500 and thereafter to code 7700.

While taxiing an aircraft receives from the airport controller the following ?

Question 7-5 : May continue to taxy towards the take off area is cleared for take off must stop must return to its point of departure

exemple 123 May continue to taxy towards the take-off area. — Img708 May continue to taxy towards the take-off area.

While taxying an aircraft receives the following light signal from the control ?

Question 7-6 : Must vacate the landing area in use may continue to taxi to the take off area must stop must return to its point of departure

exemple 127 Must vacate the landing area in use. — Img708 Must vacate the landing area in use.

Whilst flying in an aerodrome's traffic circuit an aircraft receives a series ?

Question 7-7 : Must come back to land and the landing clearance will be sent in due time must give way to another aircraft is cleared to land must land immediately and clear the landing area

exemple 131 Must come back to land and the landing clearance will be sent in due time. — Img708 Must come back to land and the landing clearance will be sent in due time.

Vfr flights shall not be operated above ?

Question 7-8 : Fl 195 fl 165 fl 205 fl 145

exemple 135 Fl 195. — Sera 5005 visual flight rules . . d unless authorised by the competent authority in accordance with regulation ec no 730/2006 vfr flights shall not be operated . 1 above fl 195 . 2 at transonic and supersonic speeds Fl 195.

Which fl can be used to perform a vfr flight on a magnetic track of 200° ?

Question 7-9 : Fl 085 fl 050 fl 100 fl 095

Which fl can be used to perform a vfr flight on a magnetic track of 170° ?

Question 7-10 : Fl 095 fl 100 fl 050 fl 045

Except when necessary for take off or landing a vfr flight over congested areas ?

Question 7-11 : 300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft 600 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 300 m from the aircraft 300 m above the highest obstacle 300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 ft from the aircraft

exemple 147 300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft. — Icao annex 2 .chapter 4 visual flight rules.4 6 except when necessary for take off or landing or except by permission from the appropriate authority a vfr flght shall not be flown .a over congested areas of cities towns or settlements or over an open air assembly of persons at a height less than 300 m 1000 ft above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft .b elsewhere than as specified in 4 6 a at a height less than 150 m 500 ft above the ground or water 300 m above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft.

Outside congested areas of cities towns or settlements or over an open air ?

Question 7-12 : 500 ft 1000 ft 2000 ft 150 ft

exemple 151 500 ft. — Icao annex 2 .chapter 4 visual flight rules.4 6 except when necessary for take off or landing or except by permission from the appropriate authority a vfr flght shall not be flown .a over congested areas of cities towns or settlements or over an open air assembly of persons at a height less than 300 m 1000 ft above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft .b elsewhere than as specified in 4 6 a at a height less than 150 m 500 ft above the ground or water 500 ft.

Interception.the standard phrase with the meaning 'position unknown' for use by ?

Question 7-13 : Am lost navigation lost position lost orientation lost

exemple 155 Am lost. — Icao annex 2 rules of the air appendix 2 'interception of civil aircraft' . 3 radiocommunication during interception .if radio contact is established during interception but communication in a common language is not possible attempts shall be made to convey instructions acknowledgement of instructions and essential information by using the phrases and pronunciations in table below and transmitting each phrase twice . 711 Am lost.

Interception.if radio contact is established during interception but ?

Question 7-14 : You land land here land now proceed landing

exemple 159 You land. — Icao annex 2 rules of the air appendix 2 'interception of civil aircraft' . 3 radiocommunication during interception .if radio contact is established during interception but communication in a common language is not possible attempts shall be made to convey instructions acknowledgement of instructions and essential information by using the phrases and pronunciations in table below and transmitting each phrase twice . 711 You land.

A glider and an aircraft towing a banner are on a converging course which has ?

Question 7-15 : Glider regardless of position towing aircraft when the glider is on its left glider if the aircraft is on its left towing aircraft regardless of position

exemple 163 Glider regardless of position. — Rights of way have been established and agreed internationally to ensure that aircraft in proximity with each other in vmc know which aircraft has right of way over the other and what action must be taken to avoid collision ..icao annex 2 rules of the air .3 2 1 right of way the aircraft that has the right of way shall maintain its heading and speed .3 2 2 1 an aircraft that is obliged by the following rules to keep out of the way of another shall avoid passing over under or in front of the other unless it passes well clear and takes into account the effect of aircraft wake turbulence ..3 2 2 2 approaching head on when two aircraft are approaching head on or approximately so and there is danger of collision each shall alter its heading to the right ..3 2 2 3 converging when two aircraft are converging at approximately the same level the aircraft that has the other on its right shall give way except as follows .a power driven heavier than air aircraft shall give way to airships gliders and balloons .b airships shall give way to gliders and balloons .c gliders shall give way to balloons .d power driven aircraft shall give way to aircraft which are seen to be towing other aircraft or objects ..3 2 2 4 overtaking an overtaking aircraft is an aircraft that approaches another from the rear on a line forming an angle of less than 70 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter i e is in such a position with reference to the other aircraft that at night it should be unable to see either of the aircraft's left port or right starboard navigation lights an aircraft that is being overtaken has the right of way and the overtaking aircraft whether climbing descending or in horizontal flight shall keep out of the way of the other aircraft by altering its heading to the right and no subsequent change in the relative positions of the two aircraft shall absolve the overtaking aircraft from this obligation until it is entirely past and clear Glider regardless of position.

When two or more aircraft are approaching an aerodrome for landing ?

Question 7-16 : Usually the lower aircraft has right of way if the higher aircraft is closer to the runway than the lower aircraft it has the right of way a lower aircraft that is faster may cut in front of a slower higher aircraft the lower aircraft must give way to the higher aircraft

exemple 167 Usually the lower aircraft has right of way. — Sera 3210 right of way Usually the lower aircraft has right of way.

You are on an ifr flight executing a circling approach a descend below the mda ?

Question 7-17 : 1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2

exemple 171 1, 2, 3. — During a non precision approach you must remain at or above the minimum descent altitude mda until visual reference to the landing threshold has been established and can be maintained 1, 2, 3.

A glider and a power driven aircraft are on the approach to land the glider is ?

Question 7-18 : The glider the slower aircraft the faster aircraft the power driven aircraft

exemple 175 The glider. — Rights of way have been established and agreed internationally to ensure that aircraft in proximity with each other in vmc know which aircraft has right of way over the other and what action must be taken to avoid collision ..icao annex 2 rules of the air .3 2 1 right of way the aircraft that has the right of way shall maintain its heading and speed .3 2 2 1 an aircraft that is obliged by the following rules to keep out of the way of another shall avoid passing over under or in front of the other unless it passes well clear and takes into account the effect of aircraft wake turbulence ..3 2 2 2 approaching head on when two aircraft are approaching head on or approximately so and there is danger of collision each shall alter its heading to the right ..3 2 2 3 converging when two aircraft are converging at approximately the same level the aircraft that has the other on its right shall give way except as follows .a power driven heavier than air aircraft shall give way to airships gliders and balloons .b airships shall give way to gliders and balloons .c gliders shall give way to balloons .d power driven aircraft shall give way to aircraft which are seen to be towing other aircraft or objects ..3 2 2 4 overtaking an overtaking aircraft is an aircraft that approaches another from the rear on a line forming an angle of less than 70 degrees with the plane of symmetry of the latter i e is in such a position with reference to the other aircraft that at night it should be unable to see either of the aircraft's left port or right starboard navigation lights an aircraft that is being overtaken has the right of way and the overtaking aircraft whether climbing descending or in horizontal flight shall keep out of the way of the other aircraft by altering its heading to the right and no subsequent change in the relative positions of the two aircraft shall absolve the overtaking aircraft from this obligation until it is entirely past and clear .3 2 2 5 landing.3 2 2 5 1 an aircraft in flight or operating on the ground or water shall give way to aircraft landing or in the final stages of an approach to land .3 2 2 5 2 when two or more heavier than air aircraft are approaching an aerodrome for the purpose of landing aircraft at the higher level shall give way to aircraft at the lower level but the latter shall not take advantage of this rule to cut in in front of another which is in the final stages of an approach to land or to overtake that aircraft nevertheless power driven heavier than air aircraft shall give way to gliders .3 2 2 5 3 emergency landing an aircraft that is aware that another is compelled to land shall give way to that aircraft .3 2 2 6 taking off an aircraft taxiing on the manoeuvring area of an aerodrome shall give way to aircraft taking off or about to take off The glider.

Over congested areas of cities towns or settlements or over an open air ?

Question 7-19 : 1000 ft 600 ft 2000 ft 150 ft

exemple 179 1000 ft. — Read carefully 'over' or 'outside' at the beginning of the question .over congested areas 1000 ft .outside congested areas 500 ft .icao annex 2 .chapter 4 visual flight rules.4 6 except when necessary for take off or landing or except by permission from the appropriate authority a vfr flght shall not be flown .a over congested areas of cities towns or settlements or over an open air assembly of persons at a height less than 300 m 1000 ft above the highest obstacle within a radius of 600 m from the aircraft .b elsewhere than as specified in 4 6 a at a height less than 150 m 500 ft above the ground or water 1000 ft.

Annex 2 rules of the air general rules.a time check shall be obtained ?

Question 7-20 : Prior to operating a controlled flight and at such other times during the flight as may be necessary from atc only before a controlled flight after take off but before the first position report before any flight

exemple 183 Prior to operating a controlled flight and at such other times during the flight as may be necessary. — Ecqb04 october 2017.. annex 2 rules of the air general rules .3 5 time.3 5 1 coordinated universal time utc shall be used and shall be expressed in hours and minutes and when required seconds of the 24 hour day beginning at midnight .3 5 2 a time check shall be obtained prior to operating a controlled flight and at such other times during the flight as may be necessary .3 5 3 wherever time is utilized in the application datalink communications it shall be accurate to within 1 second of utc Prior to operating a controlled flight and at such other times during the flight as may be necessary.

While flying at night another aircraft reports that you are on his 100° ?

Question 7-21 : Green navigation light green and white navigation lights red navigation light white navigation light

exemple 187 Green navigation light. — Ecqb04 november 2017..if you are on his 100º relative bearing that means that you are at his approx 3 o'clock position + a few degrees = you will see his right wing = green light Green navigation light.

Interception.if radio contact is established during interception but ?

Question 7-22 : Call sign what call sign call number ident ident

exemple 191 Call sign. — Icao annex 2 rules of the air appendix 2 'interception of civil aircraft' . 3 radiocommunication during interception .if radio contact is established during interception but communication in a common language is not possible attempts shall be made to convey instructions acknowledgement of instructions and essential information by using the phrases and pronunciations in table below and transmitting each phrase twice . 711 Call sign.

Where two or more closely spaced aerodromes are located so that coordinated ?

Question 7-23 : The highest that would be required if the aerodromes were considered separately an average of each transition altitude the lower that would be required if the aerodromes were considered separately 2000 ft above the highest aerodrome

exemple 195 The highest that would be required if the aerodromes were considered separately. — Icao doc 8168 .2 1 2 transition altitude.2 1 2 2 where two or more closely spaced aerodromes are located so that coordinated procedures are required a common transition altitude shall be established this common transition altitude shall be the highest that would be required if the aerodromes were considered separately . .2 1 2 4 the height above the aerodrome of the transition altitude shall be as low as possible but normally not less than 900 m 3 000 ft .2 1 2 5 the calculated height of the transition altitude shall be rounded up to the next full 300 m 1 000 ft The highest that would be required if the aerodromes were considered separately.

The calculated height of the transition level shall be rounded up to the next ?

Question 7-24 : 500 ft 200 ft 100 ft 1500 ft

exemple 199 500 ft. — Transition level shall be rounded up to the next full 500 ft . transition altitude shall be rounded up to the next full 1000 ft 500 ft.

Visual signals .whilst flying in an aerodrome's traffic circuit the pilot of an ?

Question 7-25 : Land at this aerodrome and proceed to apron aerodrome unsafe do not land continue circling and wait for further instructions airfield closed temporarily continue circling

exemple 203 Land at this aerodrome and proceed to apron. — Img708 Land at this aerodrome and proceed to apron.

After an aircraft has been intercepted in flight the intercepted aircraft is ?

Question 7-26 : Will comply no understood you are not to enter this airspace

A circling approach is ?

Question 7-27 : A visual flight manoeuvre keeping the runway in sight a visual manoeuvre to be conducted only in imc a flight manoeuvre to be performed only under radar vectoring a contact flight manoeuvre

exemple 211 A visual flight manoeuvre keeping the runway in sight. — Doc 8168 chapter 7 visual manoeuvring circling area .7 1 purpose. .7 2 visual flight manoeuvre.7 2 1 a circling approach is a visual flight manoeuvre each circling situation is different because of variables such as runway layout final approach track wind velocity and meteorological conditions .therefore there can be no single procedure designed that will cater for conducting a circling approach in every situation .7 2 2 after initial visual contact the basic assumption is that the runway environment should be kept in sight while at minimum descent altitude/height mda/h for circling the runway environment includes features such as the runway threshold or approach lighting aids or other markings identifiable with the runway A visual flight manoeuvre keeping the runway in sight.

Abbreviations what does the abbreviation ois mean doc 8168 ?

Question 7-28 : Obstacle identification surface obstacle in surface obstacle identification slope obstruction in surface

exemple 215 Obstacle identification surface. — Ois obstacle identification surface Obstacle identification surface.

At fl 110 the maximum speed at which an aircraft can enter a holding pattern is ?

Question 7-29 : 230 kt ias 240 kt ias 230 kt tas 240 kt tas

exemple 219 230 kt ias. — Doc 8168 aircraft operations .icao maximum holding speeds .up to 14000 ft 230 kt.14000 ft to 20000 ft 240 kt.20000 ft to 34000 ft 265 kt.above 34000 ft m 0 83 230 kt ias.

A descent or a climb conducted in a holding pattern is called ?

Question 7-30 : A shuttle a procedure turn a base turn a race track

exemple 223 A shuttle. — Icao doc 8168 . 3 3 8 shuttle .a shuttle is normally prescribed where the descent required between the end of initial approach and the beginning of final approach exceeds the values shown in table i 4 3 1 .note a shuttle is descent or climb conducted in a holding pattern A shuttle.

An approaching aircraft may descent below the msa if ?

Question 7-31 : All mentioned answers are correct the pilot has the field and the underlying terrain in sight and will keep it in sight the aircraft gets radar vectors the pilot is following the published approach procedure

exemple 227 All mentioned answers are correct. — When in imc you should not descend below msa minimum sector altitude as on the chart until established in the approach or hold procedure as the safe altitude is based on correct entry procedure it will cover a certain aera of ground .you may descend on radar vectors in accordance with a published approach procedure or if you have the field and the underlying terrain in sight and you will keep it in sight All mentioned answers are correct.

Approach procedures arrival and approach segments intermediate approach ?

Question 7-32 : 300m 984 ft reducing to 150 m 492 ft 150m 492 ft reducing to 0 m 450m 1476 ft reducing to 150 m 492 ft 300 m 984 ft reducing to 0 m

exemple 231 300m (984 ft) reducing to 150 m (492 ft). — Doc 8168 chapter 4 .intermediate approach segment.this is the segment during which the aircraft speed and configuration should be adjusted to prepare the aircraft for final approach for this reason the descent gradient is kept as shallow as possible .during the intermediate approach the obstacle clearance requirement reduces from 300 m 984 ft to 150 m 492 ft in the primary area reducing laterally to zero at the outer edge of the secondary area . 714 300m (984 ft) reducing to 150 m (492 ft).

Approach procedures circling .it is permissible to eliminate from ?

Question 7-33 : Prohibits circling within the total sector in which the obstacle exists permits circling only in vmc recommends not to perform circling within the total sector in which the obstacle exists prohibits the circling approach to the affected runway

exemple 235 Prohibits circling within the total sector in which the obstacle exists. — A visual maneuvering circling area is the area in which the obstacle clearance should be taken into consideration for aircraft carrying out a circling approach icao it is the visual phase of flight after completing an instrument approach to bring an aircraft into position for landing on a runway not suitably located for a straight in approach the visual maneuvering area for a circling approach is determined by drawing arcs centered on each runway threshold and joining those arcs with tangent lines the radius of the arcs is related to the aircraft category the speed for each category the wind speed 25 knots 46 km/h is taken throughout the turn and the bank angle 20° average or 3°/s whichever requires less bank it is permissible to eliminate from consideration a particular sector where a prominent obstacle exists in the visual maneuvering circling area outside the final approach and missed approach area when this option is exercised the published procedure prohibits circling within the total sector in which the obstacle exists Prohibits circling within the total sector in which the obstacle exists.

Approach procedures .the term used to describe the visual phase of flight after ?

Question 7-34 : Visual manoeuvring circling contact approach aerodrome traffic pattern visual approach

exemple 239 Visual manoeuvring (circling). — Doc 8168 chapter 7 visual manoeuvring circling area .7 1 purpose.7 1 1 visual manoeuvring circling is the term used to describe the phase of flight after an instrument approach has been completed it brings the aircraft into position for landing on a runway which is not suitably located for straight in approach i e one where the criteria for alignment or descent gradient cannot be met Visual manoeuvring (circling).

Approach procedures final approach segment .in a precision approach ils ?

Question 7-35 : Half a scale deflection after being established on the track one full scale deflection after being established on the track a quarter of a scale deflection after being established on the track one and a half of a scale deflection after being established on the track

Doc 8168 chapter 5 .final approach segment .this is the segment in which alignment and descent for landing are made final approach may be made to a runway for a straight in landing or to an aerodrome for a visual manoeuvre .5 5 5 protection of the precision segment.5 5 5 1 the width of the ils/mls/gbas final approach protection area is much narrower than those of non precision approaches descent on the glide path/mls elevation angle must never be initiated until the aircraft is within the tracking tolerance of the localizer/azimuth .5 5 5 2 the protection area assumes that the pilot does not normally deviate from the centre line more than halfscale deflection after being established on track thereafter the aircraft should adhere to the on course on glide path/elevation angle position since a more than half course sector deflection or a more than half course fly up deflection combined with other allowable system tolerances could place the aircraft in the vicinity of the edge or bottom of the protected airspace where loss of protection from obstacles can occur