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Question 81-1 : The take off mass of an aeroplane is 66700 kg which includes a traffic load of 14200 kg and a usable fuel load of 10500 kg..if the standard mass for the crew is 545 kg, the dry operating mass is ? [ Question security ]

42000 kg.

Dry operating mass = take off mass traffic load usable fuel..dry operating mass = 66700 kg 14200 kg 10500 kg = 42000 kg...dry operating mass = the total mass of an aircraft ready for a specific type of operation excluding all usable fuel and traffic load...this mass includes items such as..+ crew and crew baggage...+ catering and removable passenger service equipment food, beverages, potable water, lavatory chemicals etc...+ special operational equipment e.g. stretchers, rescue hoist, cargo sling.

Question 81-2 : The maximum certificated taxi or ramp mass is that mass to which an aircraft may be loaded prior to engine start..it is ?

A fixed value which is listed in the flight manual.

exemple 185 A fixed value which is listed in the flight manual.

Question 81-3 : The maximum mass to which an aeroplane may be loaded, prior to engine start, is ?

Maximum certificated taxi ramp mass.

Please download the following document used as a reference at the exam../pdf/031 mass definitions.pdf..this is takeoff mass plus taxi fuel, i.e. weight of loaded aircraft before starting the engines.

Question 81-4 : The zero fuel mass and the dry operating mass ?

Differ by the value of the traffic load mass.

Please download the following document used as a reference at the exam../pdf/031 mass definitions.pdf exemple 193 Differ by the value of the traffic load mass.

Question 81-5 : A revenue flight is planned for the transport aeroplane. take off mass is not airfield limited. the following data applies.dry operating mass 34930 kg.performance limited landing mass 55000 kg..fuel on board at ramp. taxi fuel 350 kg. trip fuel 9730 kg. contingency and final reserve fuel 1200 kg. ?

4530 kg.

Performance limited landing mass 55000 kg..dry operating mass 34930 kg..fuel at landing = 1200+1600 = 2800 kg..traffic load minus the cargo load = 130x84 + 130x14 = 12740 kg..so the amount of cargo you can still carry is = 55000 34930+2800+12740 = 55000 50470 = 4530 kg. exemple 197 4530 kg.

Question 81-6 : The empty mass of an aeroplane is given as 44800 kg..operational items including crew standard mass of 1060 kg are 2300 kg...if the maximum zero fuel mass is given as 65500 kg, the maximum traffic load which could be carried is ?

18400 kg.

Maximum traffic load = maximum zero fuel mass empty mass operational items..maximum traffic load = 65500 44800 2300 = 18400 kg. exemple 201 18400 kg.

Question 81-7 : The maximum zero fuel mass is a structural limiting mass. it is made up of the aeroplane dry operational mass plus ?

Traffic load.

Zero fuel mass the dry operating mass plus traffic load but excluding fuel. exemple 205 Traffic load.

Question 81-8 : The take off mass of an aeroplane is 141000 kg..total fuel on board is 63000 kg including 14000 kg reserve fuel and 1000 kg of unusable fuel..the traffic load is 12800 kg..the zero fuel mass is ?

79000 kg.

The zero fuel mass includes unusable fuel...usable fuel on board = 63000 kg 1000 kg = 62000 kg...take off mass usable fuel = 141000 kg 62000 kg = 79000 kg. exemple 209 79000 kg.

Question 81-9 : 'standard mass' as used in the computation of passenger load establish the mass of a child as ?

35 kg irrespective of age provided they occupy a seat.

Eu ops. 153 exemple 213 35 kg irrespective of age provided they occupy a seat.

Question 81-10 : The maximum certificated take off mass is ?

A structural limit which may not be exceeded for any take off.

The certificated take off mass is a structural limit, whereas all other answers refer to a performance, climb, respectively field limited take off mass. the structural limit is a fixed value which shall never be exceeded to avoid any damage to the aircraft structure. the other limitations can vary, depending on the performance and environment...maximum certified mass = structural limitation..maximum regulated mass = structural and performance limitation exemple 217 A structural limit which may not be exceeded for any take-off.

Question 81-11 : For a particular aeroplane, the structural maximum mass without any fuel on board, other than unusable quantities, is ?

A fixed value which is stated in the aeroplane operating manual.

exemple 221 A fixed value which is stated in the aeroplane operating manual.

Question 81-12 : On an aeroplane with a seating capacity of more than 30, it is decided to use standard mass values for computing the total mass of passengers..if the flight is not a holiday charter, the mass value which may be used for an adult is ?

84 kg.

Eu ops. 153 exemple 225 84 kg.

Question 81-13 : The standard mass for a child is ?

35 kg for all flights.

Eu ops. 153 exemple 229 35 kg for all flights.

Question 81-14 : On an aeroplane with 20 or more seats engaged on an inter continental flight, the 'standard mass' which may be used for passenger baggage is ?

15 kg per passenger.

Eu ops 1.620 mass values for passengers and baggage..... f mass values for baggage.1. where the total number of passenger seats available on the aeroplane is 20 or more the standard mass values given in table 3 are applicable for each piece of checked baggage..for aeroplanes with 19 passenger seats or less, the actual mass of checked baggage, determined by weighing, must be used... 155 exemple 233 15 kg per passenger.

Question 81-15 : The following data applies to a planned flight..dry operating mass 34900 kg, performance limited take off mass 66300 kg, performance limited landing mass 55200 kg, maximum zero fuel mass 53070 kg...fuel required at ramp.taxy fuel 400 kg, trip fuel 8600 kg, contingency fuel 430 kg, alternate fuel 970 ?

12700 kg.

Create a limitation table.. 154..3700 kg + trip fuel 8600 kg + taxy fuel 400 kg = 12700 kg may be safely loaded. exemple 237 12700 kg.

Question 81-16 : In determining the dry operating mass of an aeroplane it is common practice to use 'standard mass' values for crew..these values are ?

Flight crew 85 kg, cabin crew 75 kg, each. these are inclusive of a hand baggage allowance.

Eu ops 1.615 mass values for crew. a an operator shall use the following mass values to determine the dry operating mass.1. actual masses including any crew baggage or.2. standard masses, including hand baggage, of 85 kg for flight crew members and 75 kg for cabin crew members or.3. other standard masses acceptable to the authority...b an operator must correct the dry operating mass to account for any additional baggage. the position of this additional baggage must be accounted for when establishing the centre of gravity of the aeroplane.

Question 81-17 : The medium range jet transport aeroplane is to operate a flight carrying the maximum possible fuel load..departure airfield performance limited take off mass 60 400 kg..landing airfield not performance limited.dry operating mass 34930 kg.fuel required for flight.taxi fuel 715 kg.trip fuel 8600 ?

14470 kg.

Performance limited take off mass 60 400 kg, and landing airfield is not performance limited..mass of fuel at take off = performance limited take off mass dry operating mass + traffic load.mass of fuel at take off = 60400 kg 34930 kg + 11000 kg = 14470 kg...departure airfield performance limited take off mass is 60 400 kg, this is the maximum allowing mass at take off, and the question states '...aeroplane is to operate a flight carrying the maximum possible fuel load'...our ramp mass will be 60 400 kg + 715 kg = 61115 kg. exemple 245 14470 kg.

Question 81-18 : An aircraft is to depart from an airfield at a take off mass of 302550 kg..fuel on board at take off including contingency and alternate of 19450 kg is 121450 kg..the dry operating mass is 161450 kg...the useful load will be ?

141100 kg.

Useful load = take off mass dry operating mass..useful load = 302550 kg 161450 kg = 141100 kg.

Question 81-19 : Conversion of fuel volume to mass ?

May be done by using standard fuel density values as specified in the operations manual, if the actual fuel density is not known.

exemple 253 May be done by using standard fuel density values as specified in the operations manual, if the actual fuel density is not known.

Question 81-20 : Standard masses may be used for the computation of mass values for baggage if the aircraft ?

Has 20 or more seats.

Eu ops 1.620 mass values for passengers and baggage..... f mass values for baggage.1. where the total number of passenger seats available on the aeroplane is 20 or more the standard mass values given in table 3 are applicable for each piece of checked baggage. for aeroplanes with 19 passenger seats or less, the actual mass of checked baggage, determined by weighing, must be used... 155 exemple 257 Has 20 or more seats.

Question 81-21 : A jet transport has the following structural limits. maximum ramp mass 63 060 kg. maximum take off mass 62 800 kg. maximum landing mass 54 900 kg. maximum zero fuel mass 51 300 kg.the aeroplane's fuel is loaded accordance with the following requirements. taxi fuel 400 kg. trip fuel 8400 kg. ?

16 370 kg.

Create a limitation table. 156.anything above 16370 kg will therefore exceed zfm but will keep the other three within limits, so that is your answer. exemple 261 16 370 kg.

Question 81-22 : A flight has been made from london to valencia carrying minimum fuel and maximum traffic load. on the return flight the fuel tanks in the aeroplane are to be filled to capacity with a total fuel load of 20100 litres at a fuel density of 0.79 kg/l..the following are the aeroplane's structural limits. ?

14 331 kg.

Fuel at ramp 20100 litres x 0.79 kg/l = 15879 kg..fuel at take off 15879 kg 250 kg of taxi fuel = 15629 kg.fuel at landing 15629 kg 5990 kg = 9639 kg...maximum traffic load = maximum landing mass dry operating mass remaining fuel at landing in london.maximum traffic load = 58900 kg 34930 kg 9639 kg = 14331 kg. exemple 265 14 331 kg.

Question 81-23 : The term 'useful load' as applied to a aircraft includes ?

Traffic load plus useable fuel.

exemple 269 Traffic load plus useable fuel.

Question 81-24 : An aeroplane is performance limited to a landing mass of 54230 kg..the dry operating mass is 35000 kg and the zero fuel mass is 52080 kg..if the take off mass is 64280 kg the useful load is ?

29280 kg.

Take off mass = dry operating mass + useful load..64280 = 35000 + useful load..useful load = 64280 35000..useful load = 29280 kg. exemple 273 29280 kg.

Question 81-25 : For the medium range transport aeroplane, from the loading manual, determine the maximum total volume of fuel which can be loaded into the main wing tanks.. fuel density value 0.78kg/l.. 218 ?

11348 litres.

The question states 'determine the maximum total volume of fuel which can be loaded into the main wing tanks'...if you use mass, you will get 11646 litres 9084 kg / 0.78 = 11646 litres , and it will not fit in the tanks because main tanks volume in litres is 2998 us gallons 1499 + 1499 ..2998 usg x 3.7854 l/usg = 11348 litres for a mass of 11348 litres x 0.78 = 8851 kg. exemple 277 11348 litres.

Question 81-26 : The flight preparation of a turbojet aeroplane provides the following data.take off runway limitation 185 000 kg.landing runway limitation 180 000 kg.planned fuel consumption 11 500 kg.fuel already loaded on board the aircraft 20 000 kg..knowing that.maximum take off mass mtom 212 000 kg.maximum ?

54 000 kg.

Img157 exemple 281 54 000 kg.

Question 81-27 : The crew of a transport aeroplane prepares a flight using the following data. block fuel 40 000 kg. trip fuel 29 000 kg. taxi fuel 800 kg. maximum take off mass 170 000 kg. maximum landing mass 148 500 kg. maximum zero fuel mass 112 500 kg. dry operating mass 80 400 kg..the maximum traffic load for ?

32 100 kg.

Img158 exemple 285 32 100 kg.

Question 81-28 : The dry operating mass of an aircraft is 2000 kg..the maximum take off mass, landing and zero fuel mass are identical at 3500 kg..the block fuel mass is 550 kg and the taxi fuel mass is 50 kg..the available mass of traffic load is ?

1000 kg.

Traffic load is the total mass of passengers, baggage and cargo, including any non revenue load..it means usable fuel is not a part of the 'traffic load'...traffic load = maximum take off mass dry operating mass + fuel on board at take off.traffic load = 3500 2000 + 500 = 1000 kg. exemple 289 1000 kg.

Question 81-29 : The basic empty mass of an aircraft is 30000 kg. the masses of the following items are. catering 300 kg. safety and rescue material nil. fly away kit nil. crew inclusive crew baggage 365 kg. fuel at take off 3000 kg. unusable fuel 120 kg. passengers, baggage, cargo 8000 kg..the dry operating mass ?

30 665 kg.

The dry operating mass is = basic empty mass + standard items..the basic empty mass includes unuseable fuel..dry operating mass = 30000 + 300 + 365 = 30665 kg...the dom includes unusable fuel, since unusable fuel is a part of basic empty mass...dry operating mass = the total mass of an aircraft ready for a specific type of operation excluding all usable fuel and traffic load..this mass includes items such as.+ crew and crew baggage..+ catering and removable passenger service equipment food, beverages, potable water, lavatory chemicals etc..+ special operational equipment e.g. stretchers, rescue hoist, cargo sling. exemple 293 30 665 kg.

Question 81-30 : By adding to the basic empty mass the following fixed necessary equipment for a specific flight catering, safety and rescue equipment, fly away kit, crew , we get ?

Dry operating mass.

Please download the following document used as a reference at the exam../pdf/031 mass definitions.pdf exemple 297 Dry operating mass.

Question 81-31 : An aircraft dry operating mass is 3000 kg. the maximum take off, landing, and zero fuel mass are identical, at 5200 kg. ramp fuel is 650 kg, the taxi fuel is 50 kg. the maximum traffic load is ?

1600 kg.

Maximum traffic load = 5200 kg 600 kg at take off 3000 kg = 1600 kg. exemple 301 1600 kg.

Question 81-32 : Given..maximum structural take off mass 8350 kg.maximum structural landing mass 8350 kg.zero fuel mass 6210 kg.taxi fuel 10 kg.contingency fuel 90 kg.alternate fuel 300 kg.final reserve fuel 400 kg.trip fuel 780 kg..the expected landing mass at destination will be ?

7000 kg.

Fuel on board at landing 90 + 300 + 400 = 790 kg...expected landing mass at destination = zero fuel mass + fuel on board at landing..expected landing mass at destination = 6210 + 790 = 7000 kg exemple 305 7000 kg.

Question 81-33 : Given..zero fuel mass 6660 kg.trip fuel 990 kg.block fuel 1540 kg.taxi fuel 25 kg..the actual take off mass is equal to ?

8175 kg.

Actual take off mass = zero fuel mass + block fuel taxi fuel..actual take off mass = 6660 + 1540 25 = 8175 kg. exemple 309 8175 kg.

Question 81-34 : Given..zero fuel mass 4920 kg.trip fuel 880 kg.block fuel 1330 kg.taxi fuel 25 kg..the actual take off mass is equal to ?

6225 kg.

Actual take off mass = zero fuel mass + block fuel taxi fuel..actual take off mass = 4920 + 1330 25 = 6225 kg. exemple 313 6225 kg.

Question 81-35 : Given..maximum structural take off mass 8600 kg.maximum structural landing mass 8600 kg.zero fuel mass 6500 kg.taxi fuel 15 kg.contingency fuel 110 kg.alternate fuel 600 kg.final reserve fuel 130 kg.trip fuel 970 kg..the expected landing mass at destination will be ?

7340 kg.

Fuel on board at landing 110 + 600 + 130 = 840 kg...expected landing mass at destination = zero fuel mass + fuel on board at landing..expected landing mass at destination = 6500 + 840 = 7340 kg. exemple 317 7340 kg.

Question 81-36 : Given..maximum structural take off mass 7400 kg.maximum structural landing mass 7400 kg.zero fuel mass 5990 kg.taxi fuel 15 kg.contingency fuel 110 kg.alternate fuel 275 kg.final reserve fuel 250 kg.trip fuel 760 kg..the expected landing mass at destination will be ?

6625 kg.

Fuel on board at landing 110 + 275 + 250 = 635 kg...expected landing mass at destination = zero fuel mass + fuel on board at landing...expected landing mass at destination = 5990 + 635 = 6625 kg. exemple 321 6625 kg.

Question 81-37 : Given..dry operating mass 4920 kg.zero fuel mass 5740 kg.trip fuel 670 kg.take off fuel 1050 kg..the traffic load is ?

820 kg.

Dry operating mass is the total mass of an aircraft ready for a specific type of operation excluding all usable fuel and traffic load...traffic load is the total mass of passengers, baggage and cargo, including any non revenue load...5740 4920 = 820 kg. exemple 325 820 kg.

Question 81-38 : Given..dry operating mass 5320 kg.zero fuel mass 6790 kg.trip fuel 770 kg.take off fuel 1310 kg..the traffic load is ?

1470 kg.

Dry operating mass is the total mass of an aircraft ready for a specific type of operation excluding all usable fuel and traffic load...traffic load is the total mass of passengers, baggage and cargo, including any non revenue load...6790 5320 = 1470 kg. exemple 329 1470 kg.

Question 81-39 : Given..dry operating mass 5210 kg.zero fuel mass 6230 kg.trip fuel 990 kg.take off fuel 1590 kg..the traffic load is ?

1020 kg.

Dry operating mass is the total mass of an aircraft ready for a specific type of operation excluding all usable fuel and traffic load...traffic load is the total mass of passengers, baggage and cargo, including any non revenue load...6230 5210 = 1020 kg. exemple 333 1020 kg.

Question 81-40 : Given..zero fuel mass 4770 kg.trip fuel 1040 kg.block fuel 1960 kg.taxi fuel 20 kg..the actual take off mass is equal to ?

6710 kg.

Actual take off mass = zero fuel mass + block fuel taxi fuel..actual take off mass = 4770 + 1960 20 = 6710 kg. exemple 337 6710 kg.


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