For a piston engine the chemically correct fuel/air ratio ?
Observation > CPL
Source: Telepilote theorique examen 29
The function of the primer pump in a reciprocating engine is to ?
One of the advantages of a turbocharger is ?
Assume an initial condition at a high cruise altitude with a constant speed propeller what will happen if altitude decreased while throttle remains fully open and waste gate seized in cruise position The manifold absolute pressure (map) value may exceed maximum allowed value. with engine producing power at low altitudes turbocharger will be potentially over productive to prevent over boosting wastegate will allow surplus exhaust energy to bypass turbocharger at higher altitudes where air considerably less dense wastegate will close off allowing turbocharger to deliver selected boost during a descent from a high cruising altitude with throttle fully open turbocharger will be over productive the manifold absolute pressure (map) value may exceed maximum allowed value. 
If engine with a fixed pitch propeller detonating during climb out after takeoff normal corrective action would be to The manifold absolute pressure (map) value may exceed maximum allowed value. with engine producing power at low altitudes turbocharger will be potentially over productive to prevent over boosting wastegate will allow surplus exhaust energy to bypass turbocharger at higher altitudes where air considerably less dense wastegate will close off allowing turbocharger to deliver selected boost during a descent from a high cruising altitude with throttle fully open turbocharger will be over productive the manifold absolute pressure (map) value may exceed maximum allowed value. 
If when magneto selector switch set to off position a piston engine continues to r normally most probable cause that On a magneto grounding wire broken. The ignition system provides spark that ignites fuel/air mixture in cylinders is made up of magnetos spark plugs high tension leads the ignition switch a magneto uses a permanent magnet to generate an electrical current completely independent of aircraft's electrical system the magneto generates sufficiently high voltage to jump a spark across spark plug gap in each cylinder the system begins to fire when you engage starter the crankshaft begins to turn it continues to operate whenever crankshaft rotating most standard certificated airplanes incorporate a dual ignition system with two individual magnetos separate sets of wires spark plugs to increase reliability of ignition system each magneto operates independently to fire one of two spark plugs in each cylinder the firing of two spark plugs improves combustion of fuel/air mixture results in a slightly higher power output if one of magnetos fails other unaffected the engine will continue to operate normally although you can expect a slight decrease in engine power the same true if one of two spark plugs in a cylinder fails the operation of magneto controlled in cockpit the ignition switch the switch has five positions 1 off 2 r right 3 l left 4 both 5 start with right or left selected only associated magneto activated the system operates on both magnetos with both selected you can identify a malfunctioning ignition system during pretakeoff check observing decrease in rpm that occurs when you first move ignition switch from both to right then from both to left a small decrease in engine rpm normal during this check (around 100 to 150 rpm) if engine stops running when you switch to one magneto or if rpm drop exceeds allowable limit do not fly airplane until problem corrected the cause could be fouled plugs broken or shorted wires between magneto the plugs or improperly timed firing of plugs it should be noted that 'no drop' in rpm not normal in that instance airplane should not be flown following engine shutdown turn ignition switch to off position even with battery master switches off engine can fire turn over if you leave ignition switch on the propeller moved because magneto requires no outside source of electrical power the potential serious injury in this situation obvious loose or broken wires in ignition system also can cause problems for example if ignition switch off magneto may continue to fire if ignition switch ground wire disconnected if this occurs only way to stop engine to move mixture lever to idle cutoff position then have system checked a qualified aviation maintenance technician. 
Ignition occurs in each cylinder of a four stroke engine tdc = top dead centre Before tdc at each second crankshaft revolution. The ignition system provides spark that ignites fuel/air mixture in cylinders is made up of magnetos spark plugs high tension leads the ignition switch a magneto uses a permanent magnet to generate an electrical current completely independent of aircraft's electrical system the magneto generates sufficiently high voltage to jump a spark across spark plug gap in each cylinder the system begins to fire when you engage starter the crankshaft begins to turn it continues to operate whenever crankshaft rotating most standard certificated airplanes incorporate a dual ignition system with two individual magnetos separate sets of wires spark plugs to increase reliability of ignition system each magneto operates independently to fire one of two spark plugs in each cylinder the firing of two spark plugs improves combustion of fuel/air mixture results in a slightly higher power output if one of magnetos fails other unaffected the engine will continue to operate normally although you can expect a slight decrease in engine power the same true if one of two spark plugs in a cylinder fails the operation of magneto controlled in cockpit the ignition switch the switch has five positions 1 off 2 r right 3 l left 4 both 5 start with right or left selected only associated magneto activated the system operates on both magnetos with both selected you can identify a malfunctioning ignition system during pretakeoff check observing decrease in rpm that occurs when you first move ignition switch from both to right then from both to left a small decrease in engine rpm normal during this check (around 100 to 150 rpm) if engine stops running when you switch to one magneto or if rpm drop exceeds allowable limit do not fly airplane until problem corrected the cause could be fouled plugs broken or shorted wires between magneto the plugs or improperly timed firing of plugs it should be noted that 'no drop' in rpm not normal in that instance airplane should not be flown following engine shutdown turn ignition switch to off position even with battery master switches off engine can fire turn over if you leave ignition switch on the propeller moved because magneto requires no outside source of electrical power the potential serious injury in this situation obvious loose or broken wires in ignition system also can cause problems for example if ignition switch off magneto may continue to fire if ignition switch ground wire disconnected if this occurs only way to stop engine to move mixture lever to idle cutoff position then have system checked a qualified aviation maintenance technician. Question 29-8
The lubricating system of an air cooled piston engine used to Reduce internal friction provide cooling. The ignition system provides spark that ignites fuel/air mixture in cylinders is made up of magnetos spark plugs high tension leads the ignition switch a magneto uses a permanent magnet to generate an electrical current completely independent of aircraft's electrical system the magneto generates sufficiently high voltage to jump a spark across spark plug gap in each cylinder the system begins to fire when you engage starter the crankshaft begins to turn it continues to operate whenever crankshaft rotating most standard certificated airplanes incorporate a dual ignition system with two individual magnetos separate sets of wires spark plugs to increase reliability of ignition system each magneto operates independently to fire one of two spark plugs in each cylinder the firing of two spark plugs improves combustion of fuel/air mixture results in a slightly higher power output if one of magnetos fails other unaffected the engine will continue to operate normally although you can expect a slight decrease in engine power the same true if one of two spark plugs in a cylinder fails the operation of magneto controlled in cockpit the ignition switch the switch has five positions 1 off 2 r right 3 l left 4 both 5 start with right or left selected only associated magneto activated the system operates on both magnetos with both selected you can identify a malfunctioning ignition system during pretakeoff check observing decrease in rpm that occurs when you first move ignition switch from both to right then from both to left a small decrease in engine rpm normal during this check (around 100 to 150 rpm) if engine stops running when you switch to one magneto or if rpm drop exceeds allowable limit do not fly airplane until problem corrected the cause could be fouled plugs broken or shorted wires between magneto the plugs or improperly timed firing of plugs it should be noted that 'no drop' in rpm not normal in that instance airplane should not be flown following engine shutdown turn ignition switch to off position even with battery master switches off engine can fire turn over if you leave ignition switch on the propeller moved because magneto requires no outside source of electrical power the potential serious injury in this situation obvious loose or broken wires in ignition system also can cause problems for example if ignition switch off magneto may continue to fire if ignition switch ground wire disconnected if this occurs only way to stop engine to move mixture lever to idle cutoff position then have system checked a qualified aviation maintenance technician. Question 29-9
The first indication of carburettor icing in aeroplanes equipped with constant speed propellers during cruise would most likely be a Decrease in manifold pressure. On engines fitted with constant speed propellers a drop in power indicated a drop in manifold pressure rpm remaining constant. Question 29-10
The mixture control a carburettor achieves its control Varying fuel supply to main discharge tube. On engines fitted with constant speed propellers a drop in power indicated a drop in manifold pressure rpm remaining constant. Question 29-11
The mechanism to change propeller blade angle of a small piston engine aeroplane in flight operated Hydraulically engine oil. On engines fitted with constant speed propellers a drop in power indicated a drop in manifold pressure rpm remaining constant. Question 29-12
The use of too low an octane fuel may cause Hydraulically engine oil. On engines fitted with constant speed propellers a drop in power indicated a drop in manifold pressure rpm remaining constant. Question 29-13
Which one of following factors would be most likely to increase possibility of detonation occurring within a piston engine Using too lean a fuel/air mixture. Detonation nothing less than a series of small explosions that take place within an engine's combustion chambers it can be extremely destructive breaking pistons rod bearings anything else from pistons down that a large hammer could damage weak air/fuel mixtures can result in very uneven mixtures within chamber uneven burning pressure spikes detonation. Question 29-14
Vents in oil tanks are primarily to Prevent excessive pressure from building up in tank. Detonation nothing less than a series of small explosions that take place within an engine's combustion chambers it can be extremely destructive breaking pistons rod bearings anything else from pistons down that a large hammer could damage weak air/fuel mixtures can result in very uneven mixtures within chamber uneven burning pressure spikes detonation. Question 29-15
The cylinder head and oil temperatures may exceed their normal operating ranges if A lower octane rating than specified the engine used. Detonation nothing less than a series of small explosions that take place within an engine's combustion chambers it can be extremely destructive breaking pistons rod bearings anything else from pistons down that a large hammer could damage weak air/fuel mixtures can result in very uneven mixtures within chamber uneven burning pressure spikes detonation. Question 29-16
When starting engine or when engine running at idle rpm on ground mixture Rich to make starting possible to cool engine sufficiently when idling. Detonation nothing less than a series of small explosions that take place within an engine's combustion chambers it can be extremely destructive breaking pistons rod bearings anything else from pistons down that a large hammer could damage weak air/fuel mixtures can result in very uneven mixtures within chamber uneven burning pressure spikes detonation. Question 29-17
The cylinder head and oil temperature gauges are to exceed normal operating ranges if a pilot Uses fuel that has a rating lower than specified the engine. Detonation nothing less than a series of small explosions that take place within an engine's combustion chambers it can be extremely destructive breaking pistons rod bearings anything else from pistons down that a large hammer could damage weak air/fuel mixtures can result in very uneven mixtures within chamber uneven burning pressure spikes detonation. Question 29-18
The lubricating system of an aircraft engine used to Aid in dissipation of heat. Detonation nothing less than a series of small explosions that take place within an engine's combustion chambers it can be extremely destructive breaking pistons rod bearings anything else from pistons down that a large hammer could damage weak air/fuel mixtures can result in very uneven mixtures within chamber uneven burning pressure spikes detonation. Question 29-19
On design purpose relationship between fuel octane rating and maximum compression ratio of a piston engine The higher octane rating is higher maximum compression ratio is. Detonation nothing less than a series of small explosions that take place within an engine's combustion chambers it can be extremely destructive breaking pistons rod bearings anything else from pistons down that a large hammer could damage weak air/fuel mixtures can result in very uneven mixtures within chamber uneven burning pressure spikes detonation. Question 29-20
A magnetic plug in an engine oil system can be used to Collect ferrous particles. The most basic type of magnetic filter a drain plug where a magnet in shape of a disc or cylinder attached to its inside surface (typically adhesion) periodically magnetic plug removed inspected ferromagnetic particles which are then wiped from plug such plugs are commonly used in engine sumps gearboxes occasionally in hydraulic reservoirs one useful advantage of mag plugs relates to examining density of wear particles observed as a visual indication of wear rate occurring within machine over a fixed period of running time the appearance of these iron filings on magnets are often described in inspection reports using terms such as peach fuzz whiskers or christmas trees if one normally sees peach fuzz but on one occasion sees a christmas tree instead this would be a reportable condition requiring further inspection remediation. Question 29-21
Once engine has started ignition systems of piston engines are Independent of electrical system of aircraft. The most basic type of magnetic filter a drain plug where a magnet in shape of a disc or cylinder attached to its inside surface (typically adhesion) periodically magnetic plug removed inspected ferromagnetic particles which are then wiped from plug such plugs are commonly used in engine sumps gearboxes occasionally in hydraulic reservoirs one useful advantage of mag plugs relates to examining density of wear particles observed as a visual indication of wear rate occurring within machine over a fixed period of running time the appearance of these iron filings on magnets are often described in inspection reports using terms such as peach fuzz whiskers or christmas trees if one normally sees peach fuzz but on one occasion sees a christmas tree instead this would be a reportable condition requiring further inspection remediation. Question 29-22
The blade angle of a propeller the angle between Reference chord line the propeller plane of rotation. Blade angle usually measured in degrees the angle between chord of blade the propeller plane of rotation . Question 29-23
In very cold weather a slightly higher than normal engine oil pressure during startup Is acceptable if it decreases after startup. Blade angle usually measured in degrees the angle between chord of blade the propeller plane of rotation . Question 29-24
Assuming same swept volume and no turbo charger diesel engines compared to petrol engines Produce less maximum power output. Blade angle usually measured in degrees the angle between chord of blade the propeller plane of rotation . Question 29-25
The operating principle of magnetos in a piston engine ignition system consists of Breaking primary circuit in order to induce a low amperage high voltage current which distributed to spark plugs. Blade angle usually measured in degrees the angle between chord of blade the propeller plane of rotation . Question 29-26
In a four stroke piston engine only 'driving' stroke Breaking primary circuit in order to induce a low amperage high voltage current which distributed to spark plugs. Blade angle usually measured in degrees the angle between chord of blade the propeller plane of rotation . Question 29-27
Excessive priming of a piston engine should be avoided because 1 it drains carburettor float chamber2 risk of engine fire 3 risk of flooding engine4 it fouls spark plugsthe combination that regroups all of correct statements Breaking primary circuit in order to induce a low amperage high voltage current which distributed to spark plugs. a fuel primer a small hand pump designed to put neat fuel directly into either induction manifold (near combustion chamber) or inlet valve port before you start in cold promote presence of fuel vapour that will ignite to start engine aside from fire hazard excessive priming should be avoided because it fouls spark plugs there a risk of flooding engine. Question 29-28
Which one of following factors would be most likely to increase possibility of detonation occurring within a piston engine High cylinder head temperature. a fuel primer a small hand pump designed to put neat fuel directly into either induction manifold (near combustion chamber) or inlet valve port before you start in cold promote presence of fuel vapour that will ignite to start engine aside from fire hazard excessive priming should be avoided because it fouls spark plugs there a risk of flooding engine. Question 29-29
The octane rating of a fuel characterises Resistance to detonation. The octane rating of fuel a measure of its performance in engines a higher octane number means that fuel and air mixture can withstand more compression before detonating premature detonation can result in an engine making knocking pinging or rattling sounds high octane fuel therefore helps reduce or eliminate knocking pinging or rattling in engines. Question 29-30
Both gas turbine and piston engines use a cycle made up of induction compression combustion and exhaust phases which of these statements about a piston engine are correct or incorrect i the process in a piston engine intermittent ii theoretically combustion occurs at constant volume I correct ii correct. Piston engine combustion process intermittent governed the rythm of back forth movements of piston in a cylinder the combustion occurs at constant volume in cylinder turbine engine combustion process continuous occurs at constant pressure. Question 29-31
When tas increases blade angle of a constant speed propeller will rpm and throttle levers are not moved I correct ii correct. On a propeller relative airflow the resultant of airflow due to rotation to forward speed a constant speed propeller automatically keeps blade angle adjusted maximum efficiency most conditions encountered in flight so if tas or rpm change blade angle will change the blade angle ('pitch angle' if you prefer) a measurement of distance between propeller cord the plane of rotation with an increasing tas blade angle will increase a propeller similar to a screw if we want to enter quicky in a material we need black screw (high pitch) if we want to go slowly metalic screw (small pitch) more convenient an efficient propeller one which has least amount of slippage therefore converts more engine horsepower into thrust a constant speed propeller keeps propeller pitch adjusted maximum efficiency most conditions of flight. Question 29-32
With an aircraft fitted with a fixed pitch propeller during flight at normal cruising speed one magneto fails completely this will first cause Loss of approximately rpm. On a propeller relative airflow the resultant of airflow due to rotation to forward speed a constant speed propeller automatically keeps blade angle adjusted maximum efficiency most conditions encountered in flight so if tas or rpm change blade angle will change the blade angle ('pitch angle' if you prefer) a measurement of distance between propeller cord the plane of rotation with an increasing tas blade angle will increase a propeller similar to a screw if we want to enter quicky in a material we need black screw (high pitch) if we want to go slowly metalic screw (small pitch) more convenient an efficient propeller one which has least amount of slippage therefore converts more engine horsepower into thrust a constant speed propeller keeps propeller pitch adjusted maximum efficiency most conditions of flight. Question 29-33
Both gas turbine and piston engines use a cycle made up of induction compression combustion and exhaust phases which of these statements about a piston engine are correct or incorrect i the process in a piston engine continuous ii theoretically combustion occurs at constant pressure I incorrect ii incorrect. piston engine combustion process intermittent governed the rythm of back forth movements of piston in a cylinder the combustion occurs at constant volume in cylinder turbine engine combustion process continuous occurs at constant pressure. Question 29-34
When excessively leaning mixture a better fuel economy but still on rich side of peak egt following engine parameter s may exceed their normal operating ranges Cylinder head exhaust gas temperature. piston engine combustion process intermittent governed the rythm of back forth movements of piston in a cylinder the combustion occurs at constant volume in cylinder turbine engine combustion process continuous occurs at constant pressure. Question 29-35
Both gas turbine and piston engines use a cycle made up of induction compression combustion and exhaust phases which of these statements about a piston engine are correct or incorrect i the process in a piston engine continuous ii theoretically combustion occurs at constant volume I incorrect ii correct. piston engine combustion process intermittent governed the rythm of back forth movements of piston in a cylinder the combustion occurs at constant volume in cylinder turbine engine combustion process continuous occurs at constant pressure. Question 29-36
Given following statements about diesel engines 1 power set the mixture control 2 there no mixture control 3 amount of power determined the fuel flow only 4 thermal efficiency higher than that a petrol engine 5 diesel fuel more inflammable than petrol the combination that regroups all of correct statements I incorrect ii correct. There no mixture control no throttle valve power output of a diesel engine controlled regulating quantity of fuel that injected into cylinder (the amount of air constant) diesel engines are fitted with injectors not with valves. Question 29-37
Diesel engines compared to petrol engines have A higher compression ratio. There no mixture control no throttle valve power output of a diesel engine controlled regulating quantity of fuel that injected into cylinder (the amount of air constant) diesel engines are fitted with injectors not with valves. Question 29-38
The power output of a diesel engine without a turbo charger regulated A higher compression ratio. On gasoline engine speed power output regulated limiting air fuel mixture entering engine the power output of a diesel engine controlled regulating quantity of fuel that injected into cylinder (the amount of air constant). Question 29-39
The ignition system of a running piston engine receives electrical energy from Rotating permanent magnets. On gasoline engine speed power output regulated limiting air fuel mixture entering engine the power output of a diesel engine controlled regulating quantity of fuel that injected into cylinder (the amount of air constant). Question 29-40
The purpose of magnetic chip detectors to Warn of impending failure. The most basic type of magnetic filter a drain plug where a magnet in shape of a disc or cylinder attached to its inside surface (typically adhesion) periodically magnetic plug removed inspected ferromagnetic particles which are then wiped from plug such plugs are commonly used in engine sumps gearboxes occasionally in hydraulic reservoirs one useful advantage of mag plugs relates to examining density of wear particles observed as a visual indication of wear rate occurring within machine over a fixed period of running time the appearance of these iron filings on magnets are often described in inspection reports using terms such as peach fuzz whiskers or christmas trees if one normally sees peach fuzz but on one occasion sees a christmas tree instead this would be a reportable condition requiring further inspection remediation.
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