An operator shall not operate an aeroplane first issued with an individual ? [ Observation CPL ]

Question 29-1 : 1 2 4 5 6 2 4 5 6 2 3 4 6 1 2 3 5 6

exemple 129 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 — Easa air ops.cat ide a 185 cockpit voice recorder. e the cvr shall record with reference to a timescale . 1 voice communications transmitted from or received in the flight crew compartment by radio . 2 flight crew members' voice communications using the interphone system and the public address system if installed . 3 the aural environment of the flight crew compartment including without interruption . i for aeroplanes first issued with an individual cofa on or after 1 april 1998 the audio signals received from each boom and mask microphone in use . ii for aeroplanes referred to in a 2 and first issued with an individual cofa before 1 april 1998 the audio signals received from each boom and mask microphone where practicable . 4 voice or audio signals identifying navigation or approach aids introduced into a headset or speaker 1, 2, 4, 5, 6

The first officer and the commander have just taken off from an airport and are ?

Question 29-2 : A serious incident a serious injury an incident an accident

exemple 133 A serious incident. — Icao annex 13 . attachment c list of examples of serious incidents1 the term 'serious incident' is defined in chapter 1 as follows serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down . . 3 the incidents listed are examples of what may be serious incidents however the list is not exhaustive and depending on the context items on the list may not be classified as serious incidents if effective defences remained between the incident and the credible scenario . flight crew incapacitation in flight . a for single pilot operations including remote pilot or . b for multi pilot operations for which flight safety was compromised because of a significant increase in workload for the remaining crew A serious incident.

To which state shall the final report of an accident or serious incident be ?

Question 29-3 : 1 2 3 4 is correct 1 2 3 4 5 is correct 1 2 4 5 is correct 2 3 4 5 is correct

exemple 137 1, 2, 3, 4 is correct. — Icao annex 13 .chapter 6 .recipient states6 4 the final report of the investigation shall be sent with a minimum of delay by the state conducting the investigation to a the state that instituted the investigation .b the state of registry .c the state of the operator .d the state of design .e the state of manufacture .f any state that participated in the investigation .g any state having suffered fatalities or serious injuries to its citizens and .h any state that provided relevant information significant facilitites or experts 6 7 when the state that has conducted an investigation into an accident or an incident involving an aircraft of a maximum mass of over 5700 kg has released a final report that state shall send to the international civil aviation organization a copy of the final report 1, 2, 3, 4 is correct.

An aircraft has crashed in france its state of registry is the usa and the ?

Question 29-4 : France shall notify the usa and spain france shall notify the usa and the usa shall notify spain france shall notify the usa france shall notify spain

exemple 141 France shall notify the usa and spain. — Icao annex 13.accidents or incidents in the territory of a contracting state to aircraft of another contracting state.responsibility of the state of occurrence4 1 the state of occurrence shall forward a notification of an accident a serious incident or an incident to be investigated within the context of this annex with a minimum of delay and by the most suitable and quickest means available to a the state of registry .b the state of the operator .c the state of design .d the state of manufacture and.e the international civil aviation organization when the aircraft is of a maximum mass of over 2250 kg or is a turbo jet powered aeroplane France shall notify the usa and spain.

What is the subject matter of regulation eu no 376/2014 ?

Question 29-5 : Follow up and dissemination safety information analysis and follow up of unlawful interferences and bomb threats management of international airspace and air traffic control units sets down the special considerations referring to flight crew compartment doors with regard to aviation security

exemple 145 Follow-up and dissemination safety information. — Regulation eu no 376/2014 of the european parliament and of the council of 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation amending regulation eu no 996/2010 of the european parliament and of the council and repealing directive 2003/42/ec of the european parliament and of the council and commission regulations ec no 1321/2007 and ec no 1330/2007article 3subject matter and scope1 this regulation lays down rules on . a the reporting of occurrences which endanger or which if not corrected or addressed would endanger an aircraft its occupants any other person equipment or installation affecting aircraft operations and the reporting of other relevant safety related information in that context . b analysis and follow up action in respect of reported occurrences and other safety related information . c the protection of aviation professionals . d appropriate use collected safety information . e the integration of information into the european central repository and . f the dissemination of anonymised information to interested parties for the purpose of providing such parties with the information they need in order to improve aviation safety Follow-up and dissemination safety information.

An aircraft lands at the destination with less than 30 minutes fuel this is ?

Question 29-6 : Serious incident incident accident as long as the aircraft land safely there is no need to report

exemple 149 Serious incident. — Icao annex 13.serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down .situations classified as serious incidents include .. fuel quantity level or distribution requiring the declaration of an emergency by the pilot such as insufficient fuel fuel exhaustion fuel starvation or inability to use all usable fuel on board ..easa air ops.cat op mpa 280 in flight fuel management – aeroplanes.the commander shall declare an emergency when the calculated usable fuel on landing at the nearest adequate aerodrome where a safe landing can be performed is less than final reserve fuel Serious incident.

An aircraft designed and manufactured in the united states of america usa ?

Question 29-7 : France must notify the uk the usa and icao the usa the uk and france must be notified by icao the usa must notify the uk france and icao the uk must notify france the usa and icao

exemple 153 France must notify the uk, the usa, and icao. — Icao annex 13accidents or incidents in the territory of a contracting state to aircraft of another contracting state.responsibility of the state of occurrence4 1 the state of occurrence shall forward a notification of an accident a serious incident or an incident to be investigated within the context of this annex with a minimum of delay and by the most suitable and quickest means available to a the state of registry .b the state of the operator .c the state of design .d the state of manufacture and.e the international civil aviation organization when the aircraft is of a maximum mass of over 2250 kg or is a turbo jet powered aeroplane France must notify the uk, the usa, and icao.

An aircraft with a maximum mass of 230 tonnes and registered in france ?

Question 29-8 : France the state closest to the accident site brazil icao

exemple 157 France. — Important note there are two analogous questions in our database—one where the aircraft takes off from paris bound for rio and the other where it departs from rio headed to paris please read the question attentively to determine which version you are addressing icao annex 13.accidents or incidents outside the territory of any state.state of registry5 3 when the location of the accident or the serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any state the state of registry shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident however it may delegate the whole or any part of the investigation to another state by mutual arrangement and consent 5 3 1 states nearest the scene of an accident in international waters shall provide such assistance as they are able and shall likewise respond to requests by the state of registry France.

According to icao annex 13 a flight recorder is any type of recorder installed ?

Question 29-9 : Complementing accident/incident investigation verifying infringements of applicable regulations allowing crews direct access to flight data verifying insurance and liability issues

exemple 161 Complementing accident/incident investigation. — Icao annex 13.flight recorder any type of recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of complementing accident/incident investigation Complementing accident/incident investigation.

Which of the following occurrences is classified as an aircraft accident ?

Question 29-10 : An engineer is struck and seriously injured after the crew has boarded the aircraft in flight an engine turbine destroys the engine and its cowling but no other part of the aircraft suffers serious damage a cabin crew member is attacked and seriously injured by a passenger during flight a stowaway is killed by falling from the undercarriage bay on approach to land

exemple 165 An engineer is struck and seriously injured after the crew has boarded the aircraft. — Icao annex 13accident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which . a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or . — direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or . — direct exposure to jet blast . except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew orb the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and . — would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component . except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orc the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible An engineer is struck and seriously injured after the crew has boarded the aircraft.

An aircraft has suffered damage to the landing gear and fuselage as well as ?

Question 29-11 : Accident and serious incident respectively serious incident and incident respectively accident and incident respectively both serious incident

exemple 169 Accident and serious incident, respectively. — Icao annex 13 . accident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and . — would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component . except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orattachment c list of examples of serious incidents . 2 the incidents listed are typical examples of incidents that are likely to be serious incidents the list is not exhaustive and only serves as guidance to the definition of serious incident near collisions requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate Accident and serious incident, respectively.

Consider eu regulations on accidents incidents and occurrences in aviation ?

Question 29-12 : Reg eu 996/2010 addresses safety investigations but excludes amongst others incident investigation involving military aircraft reg eu 376/2014 adresses occurrence reporting and use of safety information in order to improve aviation safety reg eu 996/2010 addresses accident and incident investigations and implements the sarps of icao annex 13 reg eu 376/2014 contains procedures for accident and incident investigations applicable to all icao member states reg eu 996/2010 contains procedures for the investigation of occurrences and incidents reg eu 376/2014 contains the procedures for the investigation of accidents both regulations aim to prove aviation safety reg eu 996/2010 addresses accident and incident investigations for aircraft with an mtom > 5700 kg reg eu 376/2014 regulates accident and incident investigations for aircraft with an mtom =< 5700 kg

exemple 173 Reg.(eu) 996/2010 addresses safety investigations but excludes, amongst others, incident investigation involving military aircraft; reg. (eu) 376/2014 adresses occurrence reporting and use of safety information in order to improve aviation safety. — Regulation eu no 376/2014 of the european parliament and of the council of 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation .regulation eu no 996/2010 of the european parliament and of the council of 20 october 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviation.. this regulation shall not apply to safety investigations into accidents and serious incidents which involve aircraft engaged in military customs police or similar services except when the member state concerned do determines in accordance with article 5 4 and national legislation Reg.(eu) 996/2010 addresses safety investigations but excludes, amongst others, incident investigation involving military aircraft; reg. (eu) 376/2014 adresses occurrence reporting and use of safety information in order to improve aviation safety.

During a commercial air transport flight under ifr with a jet aeroplane a ?

Question 29-13 : Serious incident serious accident an incident an accident

exemple 177 Serious incident. — Regulation eu no 996/2010annexlist of examples of serious incidentsthe incidents listed are typical examples of incidents that are likely to be serious incidents the list is not exhaustive and only serves as guidance with respect to the definition of ‘serious incident’ . — a near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate . — controlled flight into terrain only marginally avoided . — aborted take offs on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . — take offs from a closed or engaged runway from a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . — landings or attempted landings on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . — gross failures to achieve predicted performance during take off or initial climb . — fires and smoke in the passenger compartment in cargo compartments or engine fires even though such fires were extinguished by the use of extinguishing agents . — events requiring the emergency use of oxygen by the flight crew . — aircraft structural failure or engine disintegration including uncontained turbine engine failures not classified as an accident . — multiple malfunctions of one or more aircraft systems seriously affecting the operation of the aircraft . — flight crew incapacitation in flight . — fuel quantity requiring the declaration of an emergency by the pilot . — runway incursions classified with severity a according to the manual on the prevention of runway incursions icao doc 9870 which contains information on the severity classifications . — take off or landing incidents incidents such as undershooting overrunning or running off the side of runways . — system failures weather phenomena operation outside the approved flight envelope or other occurrences which could have caused difficulties controlling the aircraft . — failure of more than one system in a redundancy system mandatory for flight guidance and navigation Serious incident.

An aircraft is conducting an approach to an aerodrome when there is a runway ?

Question 29-14 : Air traffic incident report maintenance report accident report special air report

Learning objective 010 13 03 01 04 identify occurrences that must be reported source regulation eu no 376/2014 article 4 regulation eu no 376/2014 article 4 mandatory reporting .1 occurrences which may represent a significant risk to aviation safety and which fall into the following categories shall be reported by the persons listed in paragraph 6 through the mandatory occurrence reporting systems pursuant to this article d occurrences related to aerodromes and ground services such as i occurrences related to aerodrome activities and facilities now we have seen that this particular scenario does in fact require a report to be filed a mandatory occurrence report 'mor' we must work out if it is classed as an accident or an incident it is quite easy to tell that this occurrence is classed as an incident but the formal definition of each is below regulation eu no 996/2010 article 1 definitions . 1 'accident' means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or — direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or — direct exposure to jet blast except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible . 7 'incident' means an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation

During take off the fire alarm sounded after a rejected take off all passengers ?

Question 29-15 : Accident serious incident incident serious accident

exemple 185 Accident. — Accident an occurence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such person have disembarked in which .a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of .. being in the aircraft . direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft . direct exposure to jet blast ..except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflected or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or.b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which .. adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft . would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component ..except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to the engine its cowlings or accessories or for damage limited to propellers wing tips antennas tires brakes fairings small dents or puncture holes in the aircraft skin .c the aircraft is missing or completely inaccessible Accident.

Shortly before landing the co pilot reports feeling unwell and becomes ?

Question 29-16 : As a serious incident to the national civil aviation safety investigation authority without delay in a voluntary occurrence report to the national civil aviation authority within 72 hours in a mandatory occurrence report to the national civil aviation authority within 72 hours as an accident to the national civil aviation safety investigation authority without delay

Refer to figures .learning objective 010 13 03 01 01 identify an occurrence as being either an accident incident or serious incident in regulation eu no 996/2010 of the european parliament and of the council of 20 october 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviation ..regulation eu no 996/2010.list of examples of serious incidents.the incidents listed are typical examples of incidents that are likely to be serious incidents the list is not exhaustive and only serves as guidance with respect to the definition of 'serious incident' .. a near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate . controlled flight into terrain only marginally avoided . aborted take offs on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . take offs from a closed or engaged runway from a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . landings or attempted landings on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . gross failures to achieve predicted performance during take off or initial climb . fires and smoke in the passenger compartment in cargo compartments or engine fires even though such fires were extinguished by the use of extinguishing agents . events requiring the emergency use of oxygen by the flight crew . aircraft structural failure or engine disintegration including uncontained turbine engine failures not classified as an accident . multiple malfunctions of one or more aircraft systems seriously affecting the operation of the aircraft . flight crew incapacitation in flight . fuel quantity requiring the declaration of an emergency by the pilot . runway incursions classified with severity a according to the manual on the prevention of runway incursions icao doc 9870 which contains information on the severity classifications . take off or landing incidents incidents such as undershooting overrunning or running off the side of runways . system failures weather phenomena operation outside the approved flight envelope or other occurrences which could have caused difficulties controlling the aircraft . failure of more than one system in a redundancy system mandatory for flight guidance and navigation ..as crew incapacitation is classed as a serious incident under icao annex 13 and regulation eu no 996/2010 then it must be reported as such directly to the national civil aviation safety investigation authority without delay see annex above .now this does actually also constitute an mor report as it can be seen in other questions the serious incident report direct to the safety investigation authority would cover this but an operator should be made aware of the serious incident also and may decide to send an mor regardless but it is not required

Which of the following statements about eu regulation no 996/2010 and eu ?

Question 29-17 : Both eu regulation no 996/2010 and eu regulation no 376/2014 aim to improve aviation safety whereas 996/2010 focuses on investigations and 376/2014 focuses on reporting and management of safety relevant information eu regulation no 996/2010 refers to the investigation of accidents involving aircraft with a total mass of less than 5700 kg and eu regulation no 376/2014 refers to the investigation of accidents involving aircraft with a total mass of more than 5700 kg eu regulation no 996/2010 refers to the investigation of incidents and occurrences and eu regulation no 376/2014 refers to the investigation of accidents eu regulation no 996/2010 aims to improve aviation safety by ensuring that relevant safety information relating to civil aviation is collected stored protected exchanged disseminated and analysed and eu regulation no 376/2014 aims to improve aviation safety by ensuring that relevant safety information relating to civil aviation is reported

exemple 193 Both eu regulation no. 996/2010, and eu regulation no. 376/2014, aim to improve aviation safety, whereas 996/2010 focuses on investigations, and 376/2014 focuses on reporting and management of safety relevant information. — Refer to figures . learning objective 010 13 03 01 02 describe the relationship between regulation eu no 996/2010 of the european parliament and of the council of 20 october 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviation and regulation eu no 376/2014 of the european parliament and of the council of 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation as can be seen in the annexes above the objectives of the two different regulations are slightly different to start they both aim to improve aviation safety but the earlier regulation 996/2010 is based on the investigation of accidents and incidents whereas the later regulation 376/2014 built on this to improve the systems of reporting and storing relevant safety information for use in these investigations to remember which way round these are you can just think about what is most important firstly it is best to improve the capability of the investigations 996/2010 to better learn from accidents/incidents after this we should improve the method of reporting the data in the first place 376/2014 to widen the scope of what the investigations can learn from Both eu regulation no. 996/2010, and eu regulation no. 376/2014, aim to improve aviation safety, whereas 996/2010 focuses on investigations, and 376/2014 focuses on reporting and management of safety relevant information.

An aeroplane has disappeared during flight and is now missing this would be ?

Question 29-18 : Accident incident serious incident offence

exemple 197 Accident — Refer to figure . learning objective 010 13 01 01 03 determine whether a certain occurrence has to be defined as a serious incident or as an accident eu regulation no 996/2010 definitions . 1 ‘accident’ means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of being in the aircraft or direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or direct exposure to jet blast except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible occurrences are mostly split into three categories accidents the most dangerous type explained above incidents 'an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation' this is quite vague and encompasses a lot of different occurrences serious incidents 'an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and is associated with the operation of an aircraft' so effectively a bad incident that is not quite considered an accident in this question the aircraft is completely lost so it easily fits into the category of accident note there are two different learning objectives that cover this one about icao annex 13 and the other referring to eu regulation no 996/2010 but as both have the same definition of an accident it does not matter an image of the definition from icao annex 13 is attached above Accident

An aircraft has gone missing the wreckage has not been located and the official ?

Question 29-19 : An accident a search and rescue incident an incident a serious incident

exemple 201 An accident. — Icao annex 13 . chapter 1 definitionsaccident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of — being in the aircraft or . — direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or . — direct exposure to jet blast . except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew orb the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which — adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and . — would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component . except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome orc the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible incident an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down note 1 — the difference between an accident and a serious incident lies only in the result An accident.

Which option correctly describes the following events 1 a near collision which ?

Question 29-20 : Event 1 is classed as a serious incident because a collision almost happened but did not result in damage or harm . event 2 is classed as an accident because there was significant damage to the aircraft event 1 is classed as a serious incident because a collision almost happened but did not result in damage or harm . event 2 is classed as a serious incident because only the landing gears and fuselage were damaged event 1 is classed as an accident because emergency manoeuvring was required . event 2 is classed as an accident because there was significant damage to the aircraft event 1 is classed as an accident because an emergency manoeuvre was required . event 2 is classed as a serious incident because although there was aircraft damage there were no injuries

exemple 205 Event 1 is classed as a serious incident because a collision almost happened, but did not result in damage or harm. xsx event 2 is classed as an accident because there was significant damage to the aircraft. — Learning objective 010 13 01 01 03 determine whether a certain occurrence has to be defined as a serious incident or as an accident eu regulation no 996/2010 definitions . 1 ‘accident’ means an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of being in the aircraft or direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or direct exposure to jet blast except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft andwould normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible occurrences are mostly split into three categories accidents the most dangerous type explained above incidents 'an occurrence other than an accident associated with the operation of an aircraft which affects or could affect the safety of operation' this is quite vague and encompasses a lot of different occurrences serious incidents 'an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and is associated with the operation of an aircraft' so effectively an event that came very close to an accident in scenario 1 the aircraft came very close to an accident but none occurred so it is classed as a serious incident in scenario 2 the aircraft sustained significant damages to the flaps and landing gear so even though no injuries occurred the scenario is classed as an accident Event 1 is classed as a serious incident because a collision almost happened, but did not result in damage or harm. xsx event 2 is classed as an accident because there was significant damage to the aircraft.

Regulation 376/2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in ?

Question 29-21 : Assist member states the agency and organisations in managing aviation safety risk regulation 996/2010 prevent accidents by investigating help judicial authorities in managing aviation safety risks regulation 996/2010 aims to prevent accidents by prosecuting prevent accidents by investigating regulation 996/2010 aims to assist member states the agency and organisations in managing aviation safety risk prevent accidents by prosecuting regulation 996/2010 help judicial authorities in managing aviation safety risks

exemple 209 Assist member states, the agency and organisations in managing aviation safety risk, regulation 996/2010 prevent accidents by investigating. — Refer to figures . learning objective 010 13 03 01 02 describe the relationship between regulation eu no 996/2010 of the european parliament and of the council of 20 october 2010 on the investigation and prevention of accidents and incidents in civil aviation and regulation eu no 376/2014 of the european parliament and of the council of 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation as can be seen in the annexes above both regulations aim to improve aviation safety the earlier regulation 996/2010 is based on the investigation of accidents and incidents whereas the later regulation 376/2014 improves the systems of managing relevant safety information appropriate safety action is taken and aviation safety risks are dealt with Assist member states, the agency and organisations in managing aviation safety risk, regulation 996/2010 prevent accidents by investigating.

Regulation eu no 376/2014 of the european parliament and of the council on the ?

Question 29-22 : Occurrence reporting analysis and dissemination of safety information issuance of acceptable means of compliance and guidance material for investigation reports safety investigation into accidents and serious incidents in order to prevent future accidents and incidents certification and maintenance of aircraft

exemple 213 Occurrence reporting, analysis and dissemination of safety information. — Regulation eu no 376/2014 of the european parliament and of the councilof 3 april 2014 on the reporting analysis and follow up of occurrences in civil aviation amending regulation eu no 996/2010 of the european parliament and of the council and repealing directive 2003/42/ec of the european parliament and of the council and commission regulations ec no 1321/2007 and ec no 1330/2007 article 1 . objectives1 this regulation aims to improve aviation safety by ensuring that relevant safety information relating to civil aviation is reported collected stored protected exchanged disseminated and analysed this regulation ensures a that where appropriate safety action is taken in a timely manner based on analysis of the information collected b the continued availability of safety information by introducing rules on confidentiality and on the appropriate use of information and through the harmonised and enhanced protection of reporters and persons mentioned in occur rence reports and c that aviation safety risks are considered and dealt with at both union level and national level 2 the sole objective of occurrence reporting is the prevention of accidents and incidents and not to attribute blame or liability Occurrence reporting, analysis and dissemination of safety information.

An aircraft with a maximum mass of 230 tonnes and registered in brazil ?

Question 29-23 : Brazil the state closest to the accident site france icao

exemple 217 Brazil. — Important note there are two analogous questions in our database—one where the aircraft takes off from paris bound for rio and the other where it departs from rio headed to paris please read the question attentively to determine which version you are addressing ..icao annex 13 . .accidents or incidents outside the territory of any state . .state of registry.5 3 when the location of the accident or the serious incident cannot definitely be established as being in the territory of any state the state of registry shall institute and conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident however it may delegate the whole or any part of the investigation to another state by mutual arrangement and consent .5 3 1 states nearest the scene of an accident in international waters shall provide such assistance as they are able and shall likewise respond to requests by the state of registry Brazil.

A malfunctioning lock on the lavatory is to be reported as ?

Question 29-24 : Voluntary reporting mandatory reporting safety reporting incident reporting

exemple 221 Voluntary reporting. — Easa eu regulation 376/2014 .2 3 what types of occurrences shall be reported i mandatory reportingdiagram 1 obligations of reporting in the context of mandatory occurrence reporting systems mors occurrences to be reported occurrences related to the operation of the aircraftoccurrences related to manufacturingoccurrences related to designoccurrences related to maintenance and continuing airworthiness managementoccurrences related to related to air navigation services and facilitiesoccurrences related to aerodromes and ground servicesii voluntary reportingthere is no legal obligation under regulation 376/2014 for reporting occurrences outside the situations detailed in diagram 1 above it is nevertheless understood that reporting of any safety relevant occurrence by anyone aware of it should be encouraged to allow such reporting regulation 376/2014 imposes a legal obligation on organisations and competent authorities article 5 to establish voluntary occurrence reporting systems vors note a detailed list of all mandatory reporting occurrences can be found in easa eu regulation 2015/1018 this list includes critical occurrences for the safe conduct of the flight and occurrences related to the lavatory and its lock are not included therefore a defect lock on the lavatory is considered as 'voluntary reporting' Voluntary reporting.

When the safety demonstration takes place some passengers are distracted and ?

Question 29-25 : Report this occurrence as a voluntary reporting report this event as a mandatory occurrence report do not report this event as it has no impact on the flight inform the cabin manager to document the incident for atc notification

exemple 225 Report this occurrence as a voluntary reporting. — Easa eu regulation 376/2014 .2 3 what types of occurrences shall be reported i mandatory reportingdiagram 1 obligations of reporting in the context of mandatory occurrence reporting systems mors occurrences to be reported occurrences related to the operation of the aircraftoccurrences related to manufacturingoccurrences related to designoccurrences related to maintenance and continuing airworthiness managementoccurrences related to related to air navigation services and facilitiesoccurrences related to aerodromes and ground servicesii voluntary reportingthere is no legal obligation under regulation 376/2014 for reporting occurrences outside the situations detailed in diagram 1 above it is nevertheless understood that reporting of any safety relevant occurrence by anyone aware of it should be encouraged to allow such reporting regulation 376/2014 imposes a legal obligation on organisations and competent authorities article 5 to establish voluntary occurrence reporting systems vors note a detailed list of all mandatory reporting occurrences can be found in easa eu regulation 2015/1018 this list includes critical occurrences for the safe conduct of the flight and occurrences related to the passengers not paying attention to the safety demonstration are not included therefore this is considered as 'voluntary reporting' Report this occurrence as a voluntary reporting.

An aircraft lands on a closed runway due to poor communication with the atc ?

Question 29-26 : Mandatory reporting voluntary reporting safety reporting incident reporting

exemple 229 Mandatory reporting. — Refer to figure .mandatory reporting and voluntary reporting occurrences are analyzed in commision implementing regulation 2015/2018 regarding mandatory reporting in the category occurrences related to the operation of the aircraft the actual or potential taxiway or runway incursion scenario is included this means that mandatory reporting is required after a runway incursion in the given scenario the pilot enters a runway without authorization this is characterized as a runway incursion and mandatory reporting is required easa eu regulation 376/2014 .2 3 what types of occurrences shall be reported i mandatory reportingdiagram 1 obligations of reporting in the context of mandatory occurrence reporting systems mors occurrences to be reported occurrences related to the operation of the aircraftoccurrences related to manufacturingoccurrences related to designoccurrences related to maintenance and continuing airworthiness managementoccurrences related to related to air navigation services and facilitiesoccurrences related to aerodromes and ground servicescommision implementing regulation 2015/2018 laying down a list classifying occurrences in civil aviation to be mandatorily reportedannex i occurrences related to the operation of the aircraft .1 3 take off and landing 2 actual or potential taxiway or runway incursion Mandatory reporting.

Accident investigation objective .the sole objective of the investigation of an ?

Question 29-27 : Prevention of future accidents or incidents prevention of accidents or incidents and to establish liability prevention of accidents or incidents and to provide legal evidence for subsequent court cases prevention of accidents or incidents and to provide the manufacturer with investigation data for the improvement of the design

exemple 233 Prevention of future accidents or incidents. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation .over the years a number of measures have been adopted under the auspices of the international civil aviation organization to organise accident investigation and since 1994 incident investigation in fact as far as aviation safety is concerned international aspects cannot be ignored there can be no borders international cooperation is therefore essential .these measures are included in article 26 of the convention on international civil aviation and in annex 13 to this convention the general organisation of investigations is codified as are the notification rules of events and the presentation and dissemination of results .specifically states are obliged to institute an investigation in case of an accident or serious incident on their territory it is specified that the sole aim of an investigation into an accident or an incident is to prevent future accidents or incidents and that this activity shall in no case be concerned with apportioning blame or liability the close association of the representatives of the state of registry of operation of design and construction of the aircraft is defined the investigating state benefits from their knowledge and skills allowing for rapid and complete feedback regarding safety issues Prevention of future accidents or incidents.

Accident investigation .who is responsible for the initiation of an accident ?

Question 29-28 : The state of occurrence the state of registration the state of design the aircraft manufacturer

exemple 237 The state of occurrence. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation . chapter 4 notification . responsibility of the state of occurrence .forwarding .4 1 the state of occurrence shall forward a notification of an accident a serious incident or an incident to be investigated within the context of this annex with a minimum of delay and by the most suitable and quickest means available to .a the state of registry .b the state of the operator .c the state of design .d the state of manufacture and.e the international civil aviation organization when the aircraft involved is of a maximum mass of over 2 250 kg or is a turbojet powered aeroplane The state of occurrence.

Accident incident notification and reporting .after landing while taxiing ?

Question 29-29 : This is an accident and the crew must follow the procedure relevant to this case this is an incident and the pilot in command must report it to the airport authority within the next 48 hours since there is no person injured and the flight is terminated a damage report has to be made out with the services of the aerodrome in charge of the runway and taxiways for the insurance company this is an irregularity in the operation the crew must inform the operator of the aerodrome and establish a report

Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation .accident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which .a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of . being in the aircraft or. direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or. direct exposure to jet blast .except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or.b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which . adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and. would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component .except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or.c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible .for information . serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down . the difference between an accident and a serious incident lies only in the result .pdf661

The icao document that primarily deals with accident investigation is ?

Question 29-30 : Annex 13 annex 20 annex 15 annex 17

exemple 245 Annex 13. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation Annex 13.

Icao annex 13 accident/incident notification and reporting .the aircraft has ?

Question 29-31 : This is an accident the crew must follow the procedure relevant for this case this is a matter of passenger insurance as the flight is terminated and the aeroplane doors are open the airport operator or the company in charge of the handling shall establish a report for the insurance company this is an irregularity in the handling the handling agent must inform his insurance company this is an incident the pilot in command must report it to the airport authority within the next 48 hours

Icao annex 13 notification and reporting.during the climb out phase of a ?

Question 29-32 : This is a serious incident the crew must follow the procedure relevant to an incident this is an accident the crew must follow the procedure relevant to an accident this is an irregularity in the operation the operator must inform the authority by writing an irregularity report this is an irregularity the pilot in command or the operator must deposit a report on behalf of the involved airport authority within the following 48 hours

exemple 253 This is a serious incident. the crew must follow the procedure relevant to an incident. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation .accident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which .a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of . being in the aircraft or. direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or. direct exposure to jet blast .except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or.b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which . adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and. would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component .except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or.c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible .for information . serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down . the difference between an accident and a serious incident lies only in the result .pdf661 This is a serious incident. the crew must follow the procedure relevant to an incident.

The report on the inquiry requires by icao under an accident or an incident ?

Question 29-33 : Has for sole objective the prevention of future accidents it is not the purpose of this activity to apportion blame or liability has for objective the prevention of accidents or similar incidents and to apportion blame and liability has for sole objective to apportion blame and liability to improve air and navigation safety level is to apportion blame and liability

exemple 257 Has for sole objective the prevention of future accidents. it is not the purpose of this activity to apportion blame or liability. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation . objective of the investigation . .3 1 the sole objective of the investigation of an accident or incident shall be the prevention of accidents and incidents it is not the purpose of this activity to apportion blame or liability .the report on the inquiry may issue opinions and safety recommendations but without any objective nor obligation towards a hypothetical help to aircraft manufacturers Has for sole objective the prevention of future accidents. it is not the purpose of this activity to apportion blame or liability.

In the case of serious incidents .the report on the inquiry requires by icao ?

Question 29-34 : Institute by the state of occurrence this state may consider delegating the whole or any part of the conducting of such investigation to another state or a regional accident and incident investigation organization raio under the responsibility of the state of the operator the states of registry operator design or construction may be requested for the purposes of the investigation institute by the state of the operator to conduct any necessary investigation of the accident or serious incident under the responsibility of the state of registry the state of occurrence is responsible for the opening of the investigation and its conduct until the arrival of the investigators designated by the state of registry

exemple 261 Institute by the state of occurrence. this state may consider delegating the whole or any part of the conducting of such investigation to another state or a regional accident and incident investigation organization (raio). — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation . responsibility for instituting and conducting the investigation accidents or incidents in the territory of a contracting state . state of occurrence .5 1 the state of occurrence shall institute an investigation into the circumstances of the accident and be responsible for the conduct of the investigation but it may delegate the whole or any part of the conducting of such investigation to another state or a regional accident and incident investigation organization raio by mutual arrangement and consent in any event the state of occurrence shall use every means to facilitate the investigation .5 1 1 recommendation the state of occurrence should institute an investigation into the circumstances of a serious incident such a state may delegate the whole or any part of the conducting of such investigation to another state or a regional accident and incident investigation organization by mutual arrangement and consent in any event the state of occurrence should use every means to facilitate the investigation Institute by the state of occurrence. this state may consider delegating the whole or any part of the conducting of such investigation to another state or a regional accident and incident investigation organization (raio).

Annex 13 definitions .a recorder installed in the aircraft for the purpose of ?

Question 29-35 : A flight recorder a black box a snitch a routeur

exemple 265 A flight recorder. — A flight recorder.

In accordance to regulation eu 996/2010 is considered as serious incident ?

Question 29-36 : A near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre a belly landing abnormal engine vibrations wake turbulence encounters

exemple 269 A near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre. — Regulation eu 996/2010 .list of examples of serious incidents.the incidents listed are typical examples of incidents that are likely to be serious incidents the list is not exhaustive and only serves as guidance with respect to the definition of serious incident . a near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre to avoid a collision or an unsafe situation or when an avoidance action would have been appropriate . controlled flight into terrain only marginally avoided . aborted take offs on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . take offs from a closed or engaged runway from a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . landings or attempted landings on a closed or engaged runway on a taxiway excluding authorised operations by helicopters or from an unassigned runway . gross failures to achieve predicted performance during take off or initial climb . fires and smoke in the passenger compartment in cargo compartments or engine fires even though such fires were extinguished by the use of extinguishing agents . events requiring the emergency use of oxygen by the flight crew . aircraft structural failure or engine disintegration including uncontained turbine engine failures not classified as an accident . multiple malfunctions of one or more aircraft systems seriously affecting the operation of the aircraft . flight crew incapacitation in flight . fuel quantity requiring the declaration of an emergency by the pilot . runway incursions classified with severity a according to the manual on the prevention of runway incursions icao doc 9870 which contains information on the severity classifications . take off or landing incidents incidents such as undershooting overrunning or running off the side of runways . system failures weather phenomena operation outside the approved flight envelope or other occurrences which could have caused difficulties controlling the aircraft . failure of more than one system in a redundancy system mandatory for flight guidance and navigation A near collision requiring an avoidance manoeuvre.

The accident investigation preliminary report shall be submitted to appropriate ?

Question 29-37 : One of the working languages of icao the language of the investigating state english any of the world's major languages

exemple 273 One of the working languages of icao. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation .working languages of icao are english arabic chinese french russian and spanish One of the working languages of icao.

Upon receipt of the notification and a request by the state of occurrence for ?

Question 29-38 : 2250 kg 27000 kg 5700 kg 80000 kg

exemple 277 2250 kg. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation . chapter 4 notification . responsibility of the state of occurrence .forwarding .4 1 the state of occurrence shall forward a notification of an accident a serious incident or an incident to be investigated within the context of this annex with a minimum of delay and by the most suitable and quickest means available to .a the state of registry .b the state of the operator .c the state of design .d the state of manufacture and.e the international civil aviation organization when the aircraft involved is of a maximum mass of over 2 250 kg or is a turbojet powered aeroplane . . obligations .5 22 when the state conducting an investigation of an accident to an aircraft of a maximum mass of over 2250 kg specifically requests participation by the state of registry the state of the operator the state of design or the state of manufacture the state s concerned shall each appoint an accredited representative 2250 kg.

Which of the following according to icao annex 13 shall be entitled to appoint ?

Question 29-39 : Any state which on request provides information facilities or experts to the state conducting the investigation all icao members states state conducting the investigation and state of design state conducting the investigation and the state of aircraft registry

exemple 281 Any state which, on request, provides information, facilities or experts to the state conducting the investigation. — Participation in the investigation. participation of the state of registry the state of the operator the state of design and the state of manufacture . rights .5 18 the state of registry the state of the operator the state of design and the state of manufacture shall each be entitled to appoint an accredited representative to participate in the investigation . . participation of other states . rights .5 23 any state which on request provides information facilities or experts to the state conducting the investigation shall be entitled to appoint an accredited representative to participate in the investigation Any state which, on request, provides information, facilities or experts to the state conducting the investigation.

Icao annex 13 definitions.an accident is an occurrence associated with the ?

Question 29-40 : The aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength and would require major repair the circumstances indicate the need for a major repair or replacement of an affected component during which a person suffers injuries due to natural causes it could affect the safety of operation

exemple 285 The aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength and would require major repair. — Icao annex 13 aircraft accident and incident investigation .accident an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down in which .a a person is fatally or seriously injured as a result of . being in the aircraft or. direct contact with any part of the aircraft including parts which have become detached from the aircraft or. direct exposure to jet blast .except when the injuries are from natural causes self inflicted or inflicted by other persons or when the injuries are to stowaways hiding outside the areas normally available to the passengers and crew or.b the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which . adversely affects the structural strength performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and. would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component .except for engine failure or damage when the damage is limited to a single engine including its cowlings or accessories to propellers wing tips antennas probes vanes tires brakes wheels fairings panels landing gear doors windscreens the aircraft skin such as small dents or puncture holes or for minor damages to main rotor blades tail rotor blades landing gear and those resulting from hail or bird strike including holes in the radome or.c the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible .for information . serious incident an incident involving circumstances indicating that there was a high probability of an accident and associated with the operation of an aircraft which in the case of a manned aircraft takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked or in the case of an unmanned aircraft takes place between the time the aircraft is ready to move with the purpose of flight until such time as it comes to rest at the end of the flight and the primary propulsion system is shut down . the difference between an accident and a serious incident lies only in the result .pdf661 The aircraft sustains damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength and would require major repair.

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